List of historical unrecognized countries

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Contents 1 Historic unrecognized or partially recognized states with de facto control over their territory 1.1 Europe 1.2 Asia 1.3 Africa 1.4 Americas 1.5 Oceania 2 Historic unrecognized or partially recognized governments with de facto control over their territory 3 References

[edit] Historic unrecognized or partially recognized states with de facto control over their territory

Further information: partially recognized state

Note: The tables could be sorted alphabetically or chronologically using the "><" icon.

[edit] Europe

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Alsace-Lorraine	1918	Part of France
Banat Republic	1918	Part of Romania, Serbia, and Hungary
Baranya-Baja Republic	1921	Part of Hungary and Croatia
Bavarian Soviet Republic	1919	Part of Germany
Belarusian People's Republic	1918	Independent Belarus
Belarusian Central Rada	1943–1944	Independent Belarus	Puppet administration under Nazi occupation
Carpatho-Ukraine	1939	Part of Ukraine
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria	1991–1994, 1996–1999	Part of Russia	Reintegrated into the Russian Federation as the Chechen Republic
Republic of Connaught	1798	Part of the Republic of Ireland	French client republic
Kingdom of Corsica	1736	Part of France	Seceded from Republic of Genoa
Corsican Republic	1755–1769	Part of France	Seceded from Republic of Genoa
Anglo-Corsican Kingdom	1794–1796	Part of France	British protectorate under George III
Independent State of Croatia	1941–1945	Now two independent states Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina	Nazi Germany puppet state. Between 1945 and 1991, Croatia was a people's/socialist republic within Yugoslavia.
Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia	1992–1994	Part of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Republic of Goust		Part of France[1]
Gagauzia	1990–1994	Part of Moldova
Hungarian Soviet Republic	1919	Part of Hungary, Slovakia and Romania
Idel-Ural State	1917–1918	Part of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan (Russia)	Suppressed by Red Army.
Irish Republic	1919–1922	Divided into Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland
Limerick Soviet	1919	Part of Ireland	State founded due to strike in Ireland 1919
Southern Ireland	1922	Became the Republic of Ireland
Lajtabánság	1921	Part of Austria and Hungary
Lokot Republic	1941–1943	Part of Oryol Oblast and Kursk Oblast in Russia	Puppet self-governing territory under Nazi occupation
Menton and Roquebrune	1848–1861	Part of France	Seceded from Monaco, sought protection of the Kingdom of Sardinia
Republic of Mirdita	1921	Part of Albania
Munster Republic	1922	Part of Republic of Ireland
Mura Republic (in Slovene Murska Republika)	1919	Part of Slovenia[2]	Existed for 6 days.
Principality of Pindus and Voivodship of Macedonia	1941–1944	Part of Greece
Republic of Serbian Krajina	1991–1995	Part of Croatia
Serbian Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina	1992–1995	One of the two entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Slovak Soviet Republic	1919	Part of Slovakia
First Slovak Republic	1939–1945	Part of Slovakia	Between 1939-1945, First Slovak Republic was a puppet state of Nazi Germany.
Kingdom of Tavolara	1836–1962?	Part of Italy[3]	Recognized by the Kingdom of Sardinia and the Kingdom of Italy; acknowledged by Queen Victoria.
Ukrainian People's Republic	1917–1920	Part of Ukraine
Ukrainian State	1919	Part of Ukraine
West Ukrainian People's Republic	1918–1919	Part of Ukraine
Republic of Užice	1941	Part of Serbia
Republic of West Bosnia	1993–1995	Part of Bosnia and Herzegovina

[edit] Asia

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Adjara	1991–2005	Now part of Georgia	De facto self-governing
Alash Autonomy	1917–1920	Now part of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan	De facto self-governing
Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind	1942–1945	Part of India	The Provisional Government of Free India was recognized by 9 nations. Its sovereignty was limited to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of northeast India.
Wang Jingwei Government	1940–1945	Part of China	Puppet government dissolved at the end of World War II. Recognized by Imperial Japan and her allies.
Democratic Republic of East Timor	1975	Recognized as independent in 2002	Declaration of independence in 1975 recognized by six states (Albania, Cape Verde, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe)
Republic of Ezo	1868–1869	Part of Japan	Short-lived secessionist state
República Filipina	1899–1901	Now independent as Philippines	Declared independence in 1898 but was annexed by the United States after the Philippine-American War
Republic of Formosa	1895	Now de facto independent as Republic of China (Taiwan)	Declared independence upon cession of Taiwan to Japan following First Sino-Japanese War
Kachin State	1962–1994	Part of Myanmar [Burma]	It is now "Kachin State Special Region #1", officially still a part of the Union of Myanmar but de facto controlled by Kachin Independence Organisation.
Kingdom of Kurdistan	1921–1924	Now part of Iraq
Republic of Ararat	1927–1930	Now part of Turkey
Republic of Mahabad	1946–1947	Now part of Iran
Kurdish Autonomous Region	1991–2003	Officially recognized as being a part of the federal Iraqi structure under the name Iraqi Kurdistan	A formerly de facto independent state in Northern Iraq.
Manchukuo	1932–1945	Part of China	Puppet government dissolved at the end of World War II
Nakhchivan	1990	Now part of Azerbaijan
Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam	?–1904	Now part of Indonesia
Cantonal Republic of Negros	1898–1901	Now part of the Philippines.	Declared independence and later was recognized by the United States, however the government was dissolved by the Americans in 1901.
Template:Country data Persian Soviet Socialist Republic Persian Soviet Socialist Republic	1920-1921	Now Gilan province in Iran	Created by local guerilleros (Jangali) when Red Army troops entered Iran, but failed to spread the revolutionary movement over the whole Iran
Republic of South Moluccas	1950	Now part of Indonesia
Suvadive Islands	1959–1963	Now part of the Maldives
Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic	1993	Now part of Azerbaijan
Tibet	1913–1951	China reclaimed Tibet in 1951 and the current Dalai Lama acknowledged Chinese sovereignty in the Seventeen Point Agreement for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet, but this treaty was later repudiated in 1959.[4]	A unified Tibetan empire was created in the 8th century, but fell apart a century later. In the 13th century, Tibet was an autonomous state within the Mongol empire. In the 18th and 19th century, China's Manchu emperors were patrons and allies of the Dalai Lamas, Tibet's religious and political leaders. In 1913, Thubten Gyatso, 13th Dalai Lama of Tibet declared independence.[5]
Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic	1918 February – May	Now Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia
Tuva	1921–1944	Now part of Russia
Republic of West Melanesia	1984	Now part of Indonesia
Republic of West Papua	1963	Now part of Indonesia

[edit] Africa

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Anjouan	1997–2002,2007-2008	Now part of Comoros
Bophuthatswana,  Ciskei,  Transkei,  Venda	1977–1994, 1981–1994, 1976–1994, 1979–1994	Now all part of South Africa	Former apartheid Bantustan homelands, formed and only recognized by South Africa
Biafra	1967–1970	Part of Nigeria	Controlled territory in eastern Nigeria, recognized by five states (Gabon, Haiti, Ivory Coast, Tanzania, Zambia)
Jubaland	1998–2001	Now part of Southwestern Somalia
Katanga	1960–1964	Part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo	Controlled the state of the same name within the former Belgian Congo after decolonisation
Mohéli	1997–1998	Now part of Comoros
Islands of Refreshment	1811–1816	Tristan da Cunha, now a dependency of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena	Claimed and declared independent by Jonathan Lambert
Rhodesia	1965–1980	Now Zimbabwe	British Colony that unilaterally declared independence
Kingdom of Rwenzururu	1963–1982	Now part of Uganda	Was based in the Rwenzori Mountains between Uganda and Congo
Lado Kingdom	1864–1947	Now part of Sudan	Founded in 1864, divided by colonial Britain between Uganda, Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Rif	1921–1926	Part of Morocco	Founded in September 1921, when the people of the Rif (the Riffians) revolted and declared their independence from Spanish Morocco. It was dissolved by Spanish and French forces on 27 May 1926.

[edit] Americas

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Republic of Acre	1899–1903	Now part of Brazil
Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia	1860–1878	Now part of Argentina and Chile	Short-lived kingdom created by Orelie-Antoine de Tounens
Artibonite	2004	Part of Haiti
Republic of Canada	1837–1838	Now part of Canada	Provisional government founded on Navy Island along the Niagara River in present day Ontario, by William Lyon Mackenzie. He and his followers fled after the destruction of the Caroline under fire from British forces.
State of Franklin	1784–1789?	Now part of the United States	Located within what is now the northeast of Tennessee
Republic of Lower Canada	1838	Now Quebec, part of Canada
California Republic	1846	Now part of the United States	Was also known as Bear Flag Republic
Confederate States of America	1861–1865	Now part of the United States	Originally formed by seven slave states (South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Texas, and Louisiana). After the American Civil War began, the states of Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas, Missouri, Kentucky and North Carolina joined. Recognized by some nations as a "belligerent power".
Free and Independent Republic of West Florida	1810	Now part of the United States	Short-lived republic consisting of parts of Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida and Alabama.
Republic of Indian Stream	1832–1835	Now part of the United States	Within the state of New Hampshire
Juliana Republic	1839	Part of Brazil	Today's Santa Catarina
State of Muskogee	1799–1803	Part of the United States	A short-lived Native American state in Florida; consisted of several tribes of Creeks and Seminoles.
Republic of New Iceland	1875–1887	Now part of Canada	At Gimli, Manitoba, Icelandic settlers established the republic, with the largest Icelandic population outside of Iceland and located on the shores of Lake Winnipeg.[6]
Piratini Republic	1836–1845	Part of Brazil	Today's Rio Grande do Sul
Republic of the Río Grande	1840	Now part of the United States and Mexico
Republic of Texas	1836–1845	Now part of the United States	Five nations recognized this entity
Principality of Trinidad	1893–1895	Now part of Brazil	Claimed and declared independent by James Harden-Hickey. Not to be confused with Trinidad and Tobago.
Vermont Republic	1777–1791	Now part of the United States	Became the State of Vermont
Republic of the Yucatán	1841–1843 & 1846–1848	Part of Mexico
Republic of Zulia	1821–1823, 1863 & 1906	Part of Venezuela

[edit] Oceania

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Franceville	1889	Part of Vanuatu	Its independence guaranteed by France, this community of Melanesian natives and European settlers experimented with universal suffrage until France and Britain intervened in the New Hebrides[7]
Republic of Hawaii	1894–1898	Now part of the United States
Republic of North Solomons (Bougainville)	1990–1997	Part of Papua New Guinea	Signed a peace deal with Papua New Guinea giving the island autonomy pending an independence referendum within a decade
Kingdom of Rarotonga	1858–1901	Self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand	Became a protectorate of the United Kingdom in 1888. Underwent change of name and changes of flag during existence.
Rotuma	1987–1988	Part of Fiji	This Polynesian-inhabited island which is administered by (Melanesian) Fiji declared its independence from Fiji by separatists after the military coups in Fiji in 1987. It did not have any substantive support.
United Tribes of New Zealand	1835–1840	Now New Zealand	Independence declared in 1835 and became a British colony in 1840
Republic of Vemerana (Espiritu Santo)	1980	Part of Vanuatu	Central power of Vanuatu restored with assistance of army from Papua New Guinea

[edit] Historic unrecognized or partially recognized governments with de facto control over their territory

These regimes had control over the territory of a country for which most other states recognized a different government as being the legitimate government:

Name	Period	Today	Notes
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan	1996–2001	Now Afghanistan	Only three states (Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates) recognized this entity while the Taliban controlled it. See: History of Afghanistan.
People's Republic of Kampuchea	1979–1989	Now Cambodia	Set up by the Vietnamese after their invasion and rout of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia. Only a few Soviet-Bloc nations recognized this entity, while the UN, China, and most other nations recognized the Khmer Rouge's Democratic Kampuchea government.

[edit] References