List of common Chinese surnames

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This is a list of the top 100 most common Chinese surnames according to a study published in 2006.^[1] Their ranks in 1990^[2] are shown by the side. Mandarin, Cantonese and Minnan transliterations are displayed. Other transliterations, used before the formalization and popularization of existing Romanizations, still can be found in the names of some overseas Chinese. Transliterations in other Chinese languages (dialects) used by some overseas Chinese whose ancestral mother tongue is neither Mandarin, Cantonese or Minnan also exist, as well as pronunciations in other languages, particularly Korean and Vietnamese, in which these surnames are commonly used. The Japanese transliterations are very rarely carried by ethnic Japanese in Japan, instead they are used by ethnic Chinese, Koreans, and Vietnamese.

1 2006 Rankings
2 History
3 See also
4 References
5 External links

[edit] 2006 Rankings

Rank		Char.		Mandarin			Cantonese			Min Nan (Hokkien/Taiwanese/Teochew)		Vietnamese	Korean (RR)	Japanese	Other
2006	1990	T.	S.	Pinyin	W-G¹	Other	Jyutping	HK Gov't²	Other	Pe̍h-ōe-jī	Other	Vietnamese	Korean (RR)	Japanese	Other
1	3	李		Lǐ	Li	Lee	Lei5	Lee Li	Le Lei⁴	Lí	Dee	Lý, Lí Rank 14	Yi/Ri (이/리) Rank 2	Ri
2	1	王		Wáng	Wang		Wong4	Wong	Vong⁴	Ông	Ong Heng	Vương Rank 19	Wang (왕)	Ō
3	4	張	张	Zhāng	Chang		Zoeng1	Cheung	Cheong⁴ Chong⁵	Tiuⁿ	Teo Teoh Tio	Trương	Jang (장) Rank 9	Chō
4	5	劉	刘	Liú	Liu	Liou	Lau4	Lau	Lao⁴ Lou	Lâu	Lau Low Lao	Lưu Rank 27	Yu/Ryu (유/류)	Ryū
5	2	陳	陈	Chén	Ch'en (Chen)	Chern	Can4	Chan	Chun	Tân	Tan Chan Ting	Trần Rank 2	Jin (진)	Chin	Ding
6	6	楊	杨	Yáng	Yang		Joeng4	Yeung	Ieong⁴	Iûⁿ	Eaw Yeo Yeoh Yong	Dương Rank 13	Yang (양)	Yō	Young (English)
7	7	黃	黄	Huáng	Huang	Hwang	Wong4	Wong	Wang Vong⁴	N̂g	Ng Wee Oei Ooi Uy Ung	Hoàng, Huỳnh Rank 4	Hwang (황) Rank 16	Kō
8	12	趙	赵	Zhào	Chao		Ziu6	Chiu	Chio⁴ Jiu	Tiō	Chew	Triệu Rank 23	Jo (조) Rank 7	Chō	Chu (Hawaiian)
9	10	周		Zhōu	Chou	Joe	Zau1	Chow	Chao⁴ Chau	Chiu	Chew Chiew	Chu Châu	Ju (주)	Shū
10	8	吳	吴	Wú	Wu	Woo	Ng4	Ng	Ung⁴ Eng	Gô· Ngô·	Goh Gouw	Ngô Rank 12	Oh (오) Rank 11	Go
11	14	徐		Xú	Hsü (Hsu)		Ceoi4	Tsui	Choi⁴ Chui Tsua	Chhî	Chee	Từ	Seo (서) Rank 13	Jo
12	15	孫	孙	Sūn	Sun	Suen	Syun1	Suen	Sun	Sun Soon	Sng	Tôn Rank 26	Son (손) Rank 15	Son
13	16	朱		Zhū	Chu	Choo	Zyu1	Chu	Chue	Chu Chee	Choo	Châu Rank 22	Ju (주)	Shu	Gee, Ju
14	18	馬	马	Mǎ	Ma		Maa5	Ma	Mah	Má Bé	Baey	Mã	Ma (마)	Ba
15	23	胡		Hú	Hu		Wu4	Wu	Woo Vu⁴	Hoo Ô·		Hồ Rank 11	Ho (호)	Ko
16	20	郭		Guō	Kuo		Gwok3	Kwok	Kuok⁴	Koeh	Kwek Quak Quek	Quách	Kwak (곽)	Kaku	Ker
17	9	林		Lín	Lin		Lam4	Lam	Lum	Lîm	Lim Liem	Lâm Rank 15	Im/Rim (임/림) Rank 10	Rin (of Chinese descent) Hayashi (of Japanese descent)
18	21	何		Hé	Hê, Ho		Ho4	Ho		Hô		Hà	Ha (하)	Ka
19	17	高		Gāo	Kao		Gou1	Ko	Kou⁴ Go	Koh		Cao	Go (고)	Kō
20	19	梁		Liáng	Liang		Loeng4	Leung	Leong Lang Leng	Niû	Neo	Lương	Yang, Ryang (양, 량)	Ryō
21	22	鄭	郑	Zhèng	Cheng	Jehng	Zeng6	Cheng	Cheang⁴ Chiang⁴	Tēⁿ Tīⁿ	Tay Teh	Trịnh Rank 20	Jeong (정) Rank 5	Tei
22	32	羅	罗	Luó	Lo		Lo4	Lo	Law Loh Lowe	Lô		La	Na/Ra (나/라)	Ra
23	35	宋		Sòng	Sung	Soong	Sung3	Sung		Sòng		Tống	Song (송) Rank 17	Sō
24	29	謝	谢	Xiè	Hsieh	Shieh	Ze6	Tse	Che⁴	Chiā, Siā	Cheah	Tạ	Sa (사)³	Sha
25	30	唐		Táng	T'ang (Tang)		Tong4	Tong		Tn̂g	Tng	Đường	Dang (당)	Tō
Rank		Char.		Mandarin			Cantonese			Min Nan (Hokkien/Taiwanese/Teochew)		Vietnamese	Korean	Japanese	Other
2006	1990	T.	S.	Pinyin	W-G¹	Other	Jyutping	HK Gov't²	Other	Pe̍h-ōe-jī	Other	Vietnamese	Korean	Japanese	Other
26	42	韓	韩	Hán	Han		Hon4	Hon		Hân	Han	Hàn	Han (한) Rank 11	Kan
27	37	曹		Cáo	Ts'ao (Tsao)		Cou4	Tso	Chou⁴	Chô		Tào	Jo (조)³	Sō
28	31	許	许	Xǔ	Hsü (Hsu)		Heoi2	Hui Hooi	Hoi⁴	Khó·	Koh Kho Khor Co	Hứa	Heo (허) (about 300,000)	Kyo
29	27	鄧	邓	Dèng	Teng		Dang6	Tang	Dung	Tēng		Đặng Rank 8	Deung (등)³	Tō
30	55	蕭	萧肖	Xiāo	Hsiao		Siu1	Siu	Sio⁴	Siau		Tiêu	So (소)	Shō
31	34	馮	冯	Féng	Feng	Ferng	Fung4	Fung	Fong	Pâng	Phang		Phùng Rank 21	Fū
32	25	曾		Zēng	Tseng	Tzeng	Zang1	Tsang	Chang⁴	Chan		Tăng Tang	Jeung (증)³	Sō
33	60	程		Chéng	Ch'eng (Cheng)		Cing4	Ching	Cheng⁴	Thiâⁿ		Trình	Jeong (정)	Tei
34	24	蔡		Cài	Ts'ai (Tsai)	Chai, Tsay	Coi3	Choi	Choy Tsoi	Chhoà	Chua Choa Tjoa	Thái Sái	Chae (채)	Sai
35	79	彭		Péng	P'eng (Peng)		Paang4	Pang		Phêⁿ, Phîⁿ		Bành	Paeng (팽)	Hō	Phang (Jamaican)
36	51	潘		Pān	P'an (Pan)		Pun1	Poon	Pun⁴	Phoaⁿ	Phua	Phan Rank 6	Ban (반)	Han
37	33	袁		Yuán	Yüan (Yuan)		Jyun4	Yuen	Un⁴	Oân		Viên	Won (원)	En
38	41	于		Yú	Yü (Yu)		Jyu1	Yue	U⁴	Î, Û		Vu	U (우)	U
39	40	董		Dǒng	Tung		Dung2	Tung	Tong⁴	Táng		Đổng	Dong (동)	Tō
40	61	余		Yú	Yü (Yu)		Jyu4	Yu, Yue	U⁴ Yee	Î, Û	Ee		Dư	Yeo (여)	Yo	Eu
41	36	蘇	苏	Sū	Su		Sou1	So	Sou⁴	So·	Souw	Tô	So (소)	Su	Soo
42	11	葉	叶	Yè	Yeh	Yee Ee	Jip6	Yip	Ip	Ia̍p	Yap	Diệp		Yō	Yep
43	13	呂	吕	Lǚ	Lü (Lu)		Leoi5	Lui	Loi⁴	Lī Lū	Dy Dee	Lữ Lã		Ryo
44	62	魏		Wèi	Wei		Ngai6	Ngai		Gūi	Wee	Nguỵ Ngụy		Gi
45	44	蔣	蒋	Jiǎng	Chiang	Chung	Zoeng2	Cheung	Cheong⁴ Chiang	Chiúⁿ	Cheoh Chiong	Tưởng		Shō
46	58	田		Tián	T'ien (Tien)		Tin4	Tin		Tiân		Điền		Den
47	48	杜		Dù	Tu		Dou6	To	Do Tou⁴	Tō·	Toh	Đỗ Rank 10		To
48	49	丁		Dīng	Ting		Ding1	Ting	Ding Teng⁴	Teng		Đinh Rank 16		Tei
49	28	沈		Shěn	Shen		Sam2	Sum	Sam⁴ Shum(岑)	Sím		Thẩm Trầm	Shim (심)	Shun
50	52	姜		Jiāng	Chiang		Goeng1	Keung	Geung Keong⁴	Kiang Kiuⁿ		Khương	Kang (강) Rank 6	Kyō
Rank		Char.		Mandarin			Cantonese			Min Nan (Hokkien/Taiwanese/Teochew)		Vietnamese	Korean	Japanese	Other
2006	1990	T.	S.	Pinyin	W-G¹	Other	Jyutping	HK Gov't²	Other	Pe̍h-ōe-jī	Other	Vietnamese	Korean	Japanese	Other
51	65	范		Fàn	Fan		Faan6	Fan		Hoān		Phạm Rank 5		Han
52	87	江		Jiāng	Chiang		Gong1	Kong		Kang		Giang		Kō	Kong (Hakka)
53	106	傅		Fù	Fu		Fu6	Fu, Foo		Poh;		Phó	Bu (부)	Bo
54	46	鍾	钟	Zhōng	Chung		Zung1	Chung	Chong⁴	Chiong Cheng		Chung		Chū
55	66	盧	卢	Lú	Lu		Lou4	Lo	Lou⁴	Lô·	Loh	Lư Lô	No/Ro (노, 로)	Ryo
56	75	汪		Wāng	Wang		Wong1	Wong		Ong Ang		Uông		Ō
57	64	戴		Dài	Tai		Daai3	Tai		Tè		Đái Đới		Dai
58	59	崔		Cuī	Ts'ui (Tsui)	Tsuei	Ceoi1	Chui	Choi⁴	Chui		Thôi	Choi (최) Rank 4	Sai
59	43	任		Rén	Jen		Jam6	Yam	Iam⁴ Yum	Jîm		Nhiệm Nhậm	Im (임)	Jin
60	38	陸	陆	Lù	Lu		Luk6	Luk	Lok⁴	Lio̍k	Loke	Lục	³	Riku/Riki
61	82	廖		Liào	Liao		Liu6	Liu	Lew Lio⁴	Liāu	Liauw Liaw Liow	Liêu Liệu		Ryō
62	50	姚		Yáo	Yao		Jiu4	Yiu	Io⁴ Iu⁴	Iâu		Diêu		Yō
63	47	方		Fāng	Fang		Fong1	Fong		Png, Hong		Phương	Bang (방)	Hō Kata	Pō
64	56	金		Jīn	Chin	Kim	Gam1	Kam	Gum	Kim		Kim	Kim (김) Rank 1	Kin
65	54	邱		Qiū	Ch'iu (Chiu)	Chiou	Jau1	Yau	Iao<⁴ Iau⁴	Khu, Cu	Khoo Koo	Khưu	Koo (구)	Kyū
66	69	夏		Xià	Hsia		Haa6	Ha		Hā		Hạ		Ka
67	53	譚	谭	Tán	T'an (Tan)		Taam4	Tam	Tom Ham Hom	Thâm	Tham	Đàm		Tan
68	120	韋	韦	Wéi	Wei		Wai4	Wai	Vai⁴			Vi		Ei
69	57	賈	贾	Jiǎ	Chia		Gaa2	Ga		Ká		Giả		Ka
70	74	鄒	邹	Zōu	Tsou		Zau1	Chow	Chao⁴ Chau	Cho·		Trâu		Chū
71	78	石		Shí	Shih		Sek6	Sek, Shek	Seac<⁴ Seak⁴	Chio̍h		Thạch		Seki
72	133	熊		Xióng	Hsiung		Hung4	Hung	Hong⁴			Hùng		Kyū
73	99	孟		Mèng	Meng		Maang6	Mang		Bēng		Mạnh		Mō
74	81	秦		Qín	Ch'in (Chin)		Ceon4	Tseun Tseon Chun	Chon⁴	Chîn		Tần		Shin
75	92	閻	阎	Yán	Yen		Jim4	Yim	Im⁴	Giâm		Diêm		En
Rank		Char.		Mandarin			Cantonese			Min Nan (Hokkien (Fujian)/Teochew)		Vietnamese	Korean	Japanese	Other
2006	1990	T.	S.	Pinyin	W-G¹	Other	Jyutping	HK Gov't²	Other	Pe̍h-ōe-jī	Other	Vietnamese	Korean	Japanese	Other
76	63	薛		Xuē	Hsüeh (Hsueh)		Sit3	Sit		Sih		Tiết		Shitsu
77	68	侯		Hóu	Hou		Hau4	Hau	Hao⁴	Hâu Jao		Hầu		Kō
78	102	雷		Léi	Lei		Leoi4	Lui	Loi⁴			Lôi		Rai	Louie or Louis (Hoisan)
79	70	白		Bái	Pai	Bo, Po	Baak6	Pak		Pe̍h, Pe̍k	Peh	Bạch	Baek (백)	Haku Hyaku Byaku
80	108	龍	龙	Lóng	Lung		Lung4	Lung Loong	Long⁴	Lêng		Long		Ryū
81	118	段		Duàn	Tuan		Dyun6	Tuen	Tun⁴			Đoàn		Dan
82	110	郝		Hǎo	Hao		Kok3	Kok				Hác		Kaku
83	128	孔		Kǒng	K'ung (Kung)		Hung2	Hung	Hong⁴			Khổng		Kō
84	88	邵		Shào	Shao	Shaw	Siu6	Shiu	Sio⁴	Siō		Thiệu		Shō
85	76	史		Shǐ	Shih		Si2	Sze	Si⁴	Sú		Sử		Shi
86	89	毛		Máo	Mao		Mou4	Mo	Mou⁴	Mô·		Mao		Mō
87	94	常		Cháng	Ch'ang (Chang)		Soeng4	Sheung	Seong⁴	Siông		Thường		Chō
88	97	萬	万	Wàn	Wan		Maan6	Man		Bān		Vạn		Ban
89	45	顧	顾	Gù	Ku		Gu3	Gu	Goo Ku	Kò·		Cố		Ko
90	86	賴	赖	Lài	Lai		Laai6	Lai		Lōa		Lại		Rai
91	130	武		Wǔ	Wu		Mou5	Mo	Mou⁴			Vũ Võ Rank 7		Bu
92	95	康		Kāng	Kang		Hong1	Hong		Khng		Khang		Kō
93	71	賀	贺	Hè	He		Ho6	Ho		Hō		Hạ		Ga
94	93	嚴	严	Yán	Yen		Jim4	Yim	Im⁴	Giâm		Nghiêm		Gen
95	101	尹		Yǐn	Yin	Yiin	Wan5	Wan				Doãn	Yun (윤) Rank 8	In
96	72	錢	钱	Qián	Ch'ien (Chien)		Cin4	Chin		Chîⁿ		Tiền		Sen
97	84	施		Shī	Shih		Si1	Sze	Si	Si	See	Thi		Shi
98	96	牛		Niú	Niu		Ngau4	Ngau	Ngao⁴	Gû		Ngưu		Gyū
99	67	洪		Hóng	Hung		Hung4	Hung	Hong⁴	Âng	Ang	Hồng	Hong (홍) Rank 20	Kō
100	80	龔	龚	Gōng	Kung		Gung2	Kung	Kong⁴	Kióng		Cung		Kyū
Rank		Char.		Mandarin			Cantonese			Min Nan (Hokkien (Fujian)/Teochew)		Vietnamese	Korean	Japanese	Other
2006	1990	T.	S.	Pinyin	W-G¹	Other	Jyutping	HK Gov't²	Other	Pe̍h-ōe-jī	Other	Vietnamese	Korean	Japanese	Other
The following from the 1990 list are no longer within the 2006 top 100.
	26	佘		Shé	She		Se4	Sheh	Se⁴ Shai	Sia		Xà	³	Sha
	39	麥	麦	Mài	Mai		Mak6	Mak	Muk	Be̍h	Beh	Mạch	³	Baku
	73	莊	庄	Zhuāng	Chuang		Zong1	Chong		Chng		Trang		Shō
	77	路		Lù	Lu		Lou6	Lo	Lou⁴	Lō·		Lộ		Ro
	83	黎		Lí	Li		Lai4	Lai		Lê		Lê		Rei
	85	付		Fù	Fu		Fu6	Foo	Fu	Pò·		Phó		Bo
	90	邢		Xíng	Hsing		Jing4	Ying	Ieng⁴	Hêng		Hình		Kei
	91	倪		Ní	Ni		Ngai4	Ngai		Gê		Nghê		Gei
	98	陶		Táo	T'ao (Tao)		Tou4	Tou	Tow	Tô		Đào	Do (도)	Tō
	100	葛		Gě	Kê, Ko		Got3	Kot		Kat		Cát		Katsu

Unofficial versions of Wade-Giles transliterations, (with diacritics removed) appear in parentheses. Currently, Wade-Giles is used primarily to romanize Taiwanese names, and often appears (erroneously) without the diacritics.
This is the romanization used most often by the Hong Kong Government in transliterating names for birth certificates and identity cards. It is an unsystematic method based on the Meyer-Wempe system, without any of the aspiration marks and diacritics.
None or very few in South Korean 2000 census (foreigners' households not included). Only indicated for Chinese 40 most common surnames, not checked for Chinese 41–100. Names 1–40 whose Korean rank or number is not indicated have more than 1.000 bearers according to the census, but are not among the most common 16 names.
Portuguese transliteration only used in Macau
Common Americanised spelling

[edit] History

2006 - Ranking based on a multi-year survey and study conducted by Yuan Yida, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, using a sample size of 296 million, spread across 1,110 counties and cities. A total of 4,100 surnames recorded.
November 2004 - China issued its first set of postage stamps, for each of the top 100 Chinese family names (based on a 1982 government survey).^[3]
1990 - Sample size of 174,900.