List of battery sizes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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- This article refers to common battery types and sizes in household and light industrial use.
Battery size generally refers to the shape, voltage, and terminal layout of a battery. Thus the term "size" has become interchangeable with "type". Batteries of different types will usually not have the same dimensions and terminal layout.
[edit] Battery chemistry
Older batteries were mostly based on rechargeable lead-acid or non-rechargeable alkaline chemistries, with nominal voltages in increments of 1.5 Volts, each representing one individual electrochemical cell.
New special battery chemistries have strained older naming conventions. Rechargeable NiCd and NiMH typically output 1.25 V per cell. Some devices may not operate properly with these cells, given the 16% reduction in voltage, but most modern ones handle them well. Conversely, lithium-ion rechargeable batteries output 3.7 V per cell, 23% higher than a pair of alkaline cells (3 V), which they are often designed to replace. Non-rechargeable lithium-chemistry batteries, which provide exceptionally high energy density, produce about 1.5 V per cell and are thus similar to alkaline batteries.
Many new battery sizes refer to both the batteries' size and chemistry, while older names do not. For a more complete list see battery types. This summary is only for types relating to battery "sizes".
[edit] Primary battery chemistries
(in order of increasing energy density)
| Chemistry | Cell Voltage |
Elaboration |
|---|---|---|
| Zinc–carbon | 1.5 | Inexpensive. |
| Zinc chloride | 1.5 | Also known as "heavy duty", inexpensive. |
| alkaline (zinc–manganese dioxide) |
1.5 | Moderate energy density. Good for high and low drain uses. |
| oxy nickel hydroxide (zinc-manganese dioxide/oxy nickel hydroxide) |
1.7 | Moderate energy density. Good for high drain uses |
| Lithium (lithium–copper oxide) Li–CuO |
1.5 | End of life. SR battery is used instead now. |
| Lithium (lithium–iron disulfide) LiFeS2 |
1.5 | Expensive. Used in 'plus' or 'extra' batteries. |
| Lithium (lithium–manganese dioxide) LiMnO2 |
3.0 | Expensive. Only used in high-drain devices or for long shelf life due to very low rate of self discharge. 'Lithium' alone usually refers to this type of chemistry. |
| Mercury oxide | 1.35 | High drain and constant voltage. Banned in most countries because of health concerns. |
| Zinc–air | 1.35–1.65 | Mostly used in hearing aids. |
| Silver oxide (silver-zinc) | 1.55 | Very expensive. Only used commercially in 'button' cells. |
[edit] Rechargeable battery chemistries
(in order of increasing energy density)
| Chemistry | Cell Voltage |
Comments |
|---|---|---|
| NiCd | 1.2 | Inexpensive. High/low drain, moderate energy density. Moderate rate of self discharge. Suffers from memory effect (which sometimes causes early failure) |
| Lead Acid | 2.2 | Moderately expensive. High/low drain, moderate energy density. Moderate rate of self discharge. Suffers from no memory effect Common use - Automobile batteries |
| NiMH | 1.2 | Expensive. Useful in high drain devices. Traditional chemistry has high energy density, but also a high rate of self-discharge. Newer chemistry has low self-discharge rate, but also a ~25% lower energy density. |
| Lithium ion | 3.6 | Very expensive. Very high energy density. Not usually available in "common" battery sizes (but see RCR-V3 for a counter-example). Very common in laptop computers, moderate to high-end digital cameras and camcorders, and cellphones. Very low rate of self discharge. Loses 5%-10% of its storage capacity every year from the time of manufacture whether it's used or not. Volatile: Chance of explosion if short circuited, allowed to overheat, or not manufactured with rigorous quality standards. |
[edit] Non-standard brand-specific names
Battery naming is further confused by the practice of manufacturers that assign novel names and numbers to their batteries, disregarding common, colloquial, IEC, and ANSI naming conventions (see LR44 battery as an example). Often this is done to steer customers towards a specific brand, and away from competing or generic brands, by obfuscating the common name. For example, if a remote control needs a new battery and the battery compartment has the label, "Replace with CX472 type battery," many customers will buy that specific brand, not realizing that this is simply a brand name for a common type of battery. In this article, brand-specific names have been purposefully omitted to avoid confusion.
On the other hand, with obscure battery types, the name of a specific brand will sometimes become the most common name for that battery type, as other manufacturers copy or modify the name so that customers recognize it.
[edit] Table of modern battery sizes
The following table is a list of battery sizes which are currently available in modern society. Note that there were other sizes other than those listed in this table which are no longer available due to either a decline in popularity or changing technological needs. Batteries for obsolete portable vacuum tubes devices for example, are not listed. A table of older, obsolete, and uncommon-availability batteries types and sizes can be found below this table.
| Most Common Name |
Other Common Names |
IEC Name |
ANSI/NEDA Name |
Typical Capacity (mAh) |
Nominal Voltage (V) | Shape | Terminal layout | Dimensions | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 123 | Camera Battery CR123 CR123A 123A R123 (Li-Ion) RCR123 (Li-Ion) |
CR17345 (Lithium) | 5018LC (Lithium) | 1500 (Lithium) 700 (Li–Ion) |
3 (Lithium) 3.6 (Li-Ion) |
Cylinder | + Nub cylinder end − Flat opposite end |
L 34.5 mm D 17 mm |
123 always implies a lithium-based chemistry |
| 4.5 Volt | Pocketable Battery 1203 4.5 V |
3LR12 (alkaline) 3R12 (carbon–zinc) |
MN1203 (manganese) | 6100 (alkaline) 1200 (carbon–zinc) |
4.5 | Flat pack | + short terminal strip − long terminal strip |
H 65 mm L 61 mm W 21 mm |
This battery is more common in Europe than North America. |
| 9 Volt | PP3 9-Volt Radio battery MN1604 Square(sic) battery |
6LR61 (alkaline) 6F22 (carbon–zinc) 6KR61 (NiCd) |
1604A (alkaline) 1604D (carbon–zinc) 1604LC (Lithium) 7.2H5 (NiMH) 11604 (NiCd) |
565 (alkaline) 400 (carbon–zinc) 1200 (lithium) 175 (NiMH) 120 (NiCd) 500 (Lithium polymer rechrg) |
9 7.2 (NiMH and NiCd) 8.4 (some NiMH and NiCd) |
Rectangular | both small end + male clasp − female clasp |
H 48.5 mm L 26.5 mm W 17.5 mm |
Many (not all) 9 V batteries are an array of 6 reversed-polarity (nub is negative while can is positive) AAAA cells welded together internally |
| A23 | 23A 3LR50 MN21 |
8LR50 (alkaline) | 1181A (alkaline) | 40 (alkaline) | 12 | Cylinder (or button stack) |
+ Nub cylinder end − Flat opposite end |
L 29 mm D 10 mm |
Used in small RF devices such as key fob-style garage door openers and keyless entry systems where only infrequent pulse current is used. Sometimes enclosed like a normal battery but sometimes a stack of eight LR932 button cells shrink wrapped together. (see here about naming) |
| AA | Penlight Mignon MN1500 MX1500 |
LR6 (alkaline) R6 (carbon–zinc) FR6 (Lithium–FeS2) HR6 (Ni-MH) KR157/51 (NiCd) ZR6 (Ni-Mn) |
15A (alkaline) 15D (carbon–zinc) 15LF (Lithium–FeS2) 1.2H2 (NiMH) 10015 (NiCd) |
2700 (alkaline) 1100 (carbon–zinc) 3000 (Lithium–FeS2) 1700–2900 (NiMH) 600–1000 (NiCd) |
1.5 1.2 (NiMH and NiCd) |
Cylinder | + Nub cylinder end − Flat opposite end |
L 50.5 mm D 13.5–14.5 mm |
C7/HP7; |
| AAA | Micro Microlight MN2400 MX2400 |
LR03 (alkaline) R03 (carbon–zinc) FR03 (Li–FeS2) |
24A (alkaline) 24D (carbon–zinc) 24LF (Li–FeS2) |
1200 (alkaline) 540 (carbon–zinc) 800–1000 (Ni–MH) |
1.5 1.2 (NiMH and NiCd) |
Cylinder | + Nub cylinder end − Flat opposite end |
L 44.5 mm D 10.5 mm |
C16/HP16; |
| AAAA | MX2500 | LR8D425 (alkaline) | 25A (alkaline) | 625 (alkaline) | 1.5 | Cylinder | + Nub cylinder end − Flat opposite end |
L 42.5 mm D 8.3 mm |
Obscure type sometimes used in 'pen flashlights' or electronic glucose meters. Most common use is as an internal component of 9 V batteries. |
| C | MN1400 MX1400 |
LR14 (alkaline) R14 (carbon–zinc) |
14A (alkaline) 14D (carbon–zinc) |
8000 (alkaline) 3800 (carbon–zinc) 4500–6000 (NiMH) |
1.5 1.2 (NiMH) |
Cylinder | + Nub cylinder end − Flat opposite end |
L 50 mm D 26.2 mm |
C11/SP11/HP11; Can be replaced with alkaline AA cell using plastic sabot (stub case) |
| See naming notes below about CR battery types | |||||||||
| CR927 | 30 (Lithium) | 3 | Coin | + bottom/sides − top |
D 9.5 mm H 2.7 mm |
This obscure type of lithium coin cell is used extensively in blinkies. | |||
| CR1220 | CR1220 (Lithium) | 40 (Lithium) | 3 | Coin | + bottom/sides − top |
D 12.5 mm H 2.0 mm |
Standard Discharge Current: 0.1 mA. | ||
| CR1225 | CR1225 (Lithium) | 50 (Lithium) | 3 | Coin | + bottom/sides − top |
D 12.5 mm H 2.5 mm |
Standart discharge current: 0.2 mA. Maximum discharge current: 1 mA. Maximum pulse discharge current: 5 mA. | ||
| CR1616 | CR1616 (Lithium) | 50 (Lithium) | 3 | Coin | + bottom/sides − top |
D 16 mm H 1.6 mm |
Standard Discharge Current: 0.1 mA. | ||
| CR1620 | CR1620 (Lithium) | 78 (Lithium) | 3 | Coin | + bottom/sides − top |
D 16 mm H 2.0 mm |
Standard Discharge Current: 0.1 mA. | ||
| CR2016 | DL2016 | CR2016 (Lithium) | 5000LC (Lithium) | 90 (Lithium) | 3 | Coin | + bottom/sides − top |
D 20 mm H 1.6 mm |
Standard Discharge Current: 0.1 mA. Often used in pairs instead of CR2032 for devices that require more than 3 V, like blue/white LED flashlights. CAUTION: Using two CR2016 when not specified can damage a device. |
| CR2025 | DL2025 | CR2025 (Lithium) | 5003LC (Lithium) | 160 (Lithium) | 3 | Coin | + bottom/sides − top |
D 20 mm H 2.5 mm |
Standard Discharge Current: 0.2 mA. |
| CR2032 | DL2032 | CR2032 (Lithium) | 5004LC (Lithium) | 225 (Lithium) | 3 | Coin | + bottom/sides − top |
D 20 mm H 3.2 mm |
Standard Discharge Current: 0.2 mA. Maximum discharge current: 3 mA. Maximum pulse discharge current: 15 mA. Common battery in computers to keep the date and CMOS settings current when power is off. |
| CR2450 | DL2450 | CR2450 (Lithium) | 5029LC (Lithium) | 610 (Lithium) | 3 | Coin | + bottom/sides − top |
D 24.5 mm H 5.0 mm |
Portable devices requiring high current (30 mA) and long shelf life (up to 10 years) |
| CR-V3 | CRV3 RCR-V3 (Li-Ion) |
2000 (Lithium) 1300 (Li-Ion) |
3 | Flat pack | Both on one end | 52.20 × 28.05 × 14.15 mm | Size and shape match that of side-by-side AA batteries, so that it may be used in some devices not explicitly designed for CR-V3, especially digital cameras. | ||
| D | U2 (In Britain until the 1970s) Flashlight Battery MN1300 MX1300 |
LR20 (alkaline) R20 (carbon–zinc) |
13A (alkaline) 13D (carbon–zinc) |
19500 (alkaline) 8000 (carbon–zinc) 9000–11500 (NiMH) |
1.5 1.2 (NiMH) |
Cylinder | + Nub cylinder end − Flat opposite end |
L 61.5 mm D 34.2 mm |
C2/SP2/HP2; Can be replaced with alkaline AA cell using plastic sabot (stub case) |
| Duplex | 2R10 | 3 | Cylinder | + Nub cylinder end − Flat opposite end |
H 74.6 mm D 21.8 mm |
Internally contains two 1.5 V cells hence the nickname 'Duplex' | |||
| F | 1.5 | Cylinder | + Nub cylinder end − Flat opposite end |
L 91 mm D 33mm |
Four "F" Cells are usually found within most Lantern batteries. | ||||
| J | 7K67 | 4LR61 (alkaline) | 1412A (alkaline) | 625 (alkaline) | 6 | Square with missing corner |
Flat contacts − top side + missing corner |
H 48.5 mm L 35.6 mm W 9.18 mm |
Typically used in applications where the device in question needs to be flat, or where the battery should be unable to be put in reverse polarity—such as a blood glucose meter or blood pressure cuff. Also good for elderly persons, due to the large size. |
| Lantern (Spring) | Lantern 6 Volt Spring Top MN908 |
4R25Y (alkaline) 4R25 (carbon–zinc) |
908A (alkaline) 908D (carbon–zinc) |
26000 (alkaline) 10500 (carbon–zinc) |
6 | Square | Springs Top + Corner − Center |
H 115 mm L 68.2 mm W 68.2 mm |
Springs are usually made so that leads for screw top can be fastened to them. In most applications this is fine (see next). |
| Lantern (Screw) | Lantern 6 Volt Screw Top |
4R25Y (alkaline) 4R25 (carbon–zinc) |
915A (alkaline) 908 (carbon–zinc) |
26000 (alkaline) 10500 (carbon–zinc) |
6 | Square | Screw Posts Top + Corner − Center |
H 115 mm L 68.2 mm W 68.2 mm |
For uses that have high vibration/shock where the leads may be knocked off springs. |
| Lantern (Big) | 918 R25-2 Big Lantern Double Lantern MN918 |
4LR25-24 (alkaline) 4R25-2 (carbon–zinc) 8R25 (carbon–zinc) |
918A (alkaline) 918D (carbon–zinc) |
52000 (alkaline) 22000 (carbon–zinc) |
6 | Square | Screw posts Apart top |
H 127 mm L 136.5 mm W 73 mm |
Dimenstions match 2 side-by-side standard lantern batteries; |
| N | Lady MN9100 |
LR1 (alkaline) | 910A (alkaline) | 1000 (alkaline) | 1.5 | Cylinder | + Nub cylinder end − Flat opposite end |
L 30.2 mm D 12 mm |
Typical uses include remote-control door chimes, and other low current drain devices. Also used for wireless microphones, "Mr. Microphone" type devices, and some laser pointers. |
| No. 6 | Ignition Cell | 1.5 | Cylinder | + Center binding post − Rim binding post |
Typical uses include school science experiments, and starting glow plug model engines. | ||||
| Button types. See Naming Notes below about SR/LR/AG battery types | |||||||||
| Most Common Name |
Other Common Names |
IEC Name |
ANSI/NEDA Name |
Typical Capacity (mAh) |
Nominal Voltage (V) | Shape | Terminal layout | Dimensions | Comments |
| SR521 | AG0 379 |
1.50 (alkaline) 1.55 (silver oxide) |
Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 5.8 mm H 2.1 mm |
||||
| SR41 | AG3 LR41 D384/392 |
LR41 (alkaline) SR41 (silver oxide) |
1135SO (silver oxide) 1134SO (silver oxide) |
32 (alkaline) 42 (silver oxide) |
1.50 (alkaline) 1.55 (silver oxide) |
Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 7.9 mm H 3.6 mm |
|
| SR43 | AG12 LR43 D301/386 |
LR43 (alkaline) SR43 (silver oxide) |
1133SO (silver oxide) 1132SO (silver oxide) |
80 (alkaline) 120 (silver oxide) |
1.50 (alkaline) 1.55 (silver oxide) |
Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 11.6 mm H 4.2 mm |
|
| SR44 | AG13 LR44 D303/357 |
LR44 (alkaline) SR44 (silver oxide) |
1166A (alkaline) 1107SO (silver oxide) 1131SOP (silver oxide) |
150 (alkaline) 200 (silver oxide) |
1.50 (alkaline) 1.55 (silver oxide) |
Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 11.6 mm H 5.4 mm |
|
| SR48 | AG5 D309/393 |
SR48 (silver oxide) | 1136SO (silver oxide) 1137SO (silver oxide) |
70 (silver oxide) | 1.55 (silver oxide) | Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 7.9 mm H 5.4 mm |
|
| SR54 | AG10 LR54 387S/D389/390 |
LR54 (alkaline) SR54 (silver oxide) |
1138SO (silver oxide) | 100 (alkaline) 70 (silver oxide) |
1.50 (alkaline) 1.55 (silver oxide) |
Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 11.6 mm H 3.1 mm |
|
| SR55 | AG8 D381/391 |
SR55 (silver oxide) | 1160SO (silver oxide) | 40 (silver oxide) | 1.55 (silver oxide) | Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 11.6 mm H 2.1 mm |
|
| SR57 | SR927W AG7 D395/399 |
LR57 (alkaline) SR57 (silver oxide) |
116550 (silver oxide) | 55 (silver oxide) | 1.55 (silver oxide) | Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 9.4 mm H 2.8 mm |
|
| SR58 | AG11 D361/362 |
SR58 (silver oxide) | 1158SO (silver oxide) | 24 (silver oxide) | 1.55 (silver oxide) | Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 7.9 mm H 2.1 mm |
|
| SR59 | AG2 D396/397 |
SR59 (silver oxide) | 1163SO (silver oxide) | 30 (silver oxide) | 1.55 (silver oxide) | Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 7.9 mm H 2.6 mm |
|
| SR60 | AG1 D364 |
SR60 (silver oxide) | 1175SO (silver oxide) | 20 (silver oxide) | 1.55 (silver oxide) | Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 6.8 mm H 2.15 mm |
|
| SR66 | AG4 D377 SR626SW |
SR66 (silver oxide) | 1176SO (silver oxide) | 26 (silver oxide) | 1.55 (silver oxide) | Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 6.8 mm H 2.6 mm |
|
| SR69 | AG6 R371 |
SR69 (silver oxide) | 1.55 (silver oxide) | Button | + bottom/sides − top |
D 9.5 mm H 2.10 mm |
|||
[edit] Naming notes
- SR# / LR# / AG# Button Cells: IEC SR series batteries are silver oxide chemistry and provide 1.55 volts, while IEC LR series batteries are alkaline chemistry and provide 1.5 volts. Since there are no 'common' names beyond the AG# designation, many places use these three terms interchangeably, and they will all fit and work. The only difference is that the SR series typically have 50% greater capacity than the LR series. In low-drain devices like watches (without lights) this isn't very important, but in high-drain devices like blinkies, key chain flashlights, or laser pointers the SR type is preferred. Typically SR and LR will be the same price unless one buys in wholesale volume so there is no reason not to get the SR version. Often the free 'demo' batteries that come with a device are the LR version.
- IEC CR# series: Denotes lithium–manganese dioxide chemistry. Since LiMnO2 cells produce 3 volts there are usually no alternate chemistries for a CR# coin battery. Conversely one LiMnO2 cell can replace two alternate chemistry cells, in a 3, 6, 9, or 12 volt battery. CR cell numbers correlate with the cell dimensions, being the diameter in millimetres (except for the extra half millimetre in some cases) followed by the height in tenths of a millimetre.
- Button / Coin / Miniature: In many places these are used interchangeably.
[edit] See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
- Battery_holder
- 9 volt battery
- AA battery
- AAA battery
- AAAA battery
- C battery
- D battery
- LR44 battery (Good example of manufacturer naming versus IEC/ANSI naming)
- Button cell
- A battery (vacuum tubes)
- B battery (vacuum tubes)
- C battery (vacuum tubes)
[edit] References
- IEC 60086-1: Primary batteries - Part 1: General
- IEC 60086-2: Primary batteries - Part 2: Physical and electrical specifications
- IEC 60086-3: Primary batteries - Part 3: Watch batteries
- IEC 60086-4: Primary batteries - Part 4: Safety of lithium batteries
- ANSI C18.1, Part 1 Portable Primary Cells and Batteries With Aqueous Electrolyte - General and Specifications
- ANSI C18.1, Part 2 Portable Primary Cells and Batteries With Aqueous
Electrolyte ? Safety Standard
- ANSI C18.2, Part 1 Portable Rechargeable Cells and Batteries - General and Specifications
- ANSI C18.2, Part 2 Portable Rechargeable Cells and Batteries ? Safety
Standard
- ANSI C18.3, Part 1 Portable Lithium Primary Cells and Batteries - General and Specifications
- ANSI C18.3, Part 2 Portable Lithium Primary Cells and Batteries ? Safety Standard
[edit] External links
- A growing list of battery equivalents and details. Courtesy of Highfields Amateur Radio Club (Cardiff, UK).
- Duracell Technical OEM Data Sheets
- Energizer/Eveready Data Sheets
- Energizer/Eveready European Data Sheets
- Radio Shack Useful for cross referencing common/IEC/ANSI and manufacturer numbers of batteries. NOTE: Sometimes there are small inaccuracies pertaining to button/coin cell battery names. These naming problems are industry wide.
- The Small Battery Company Some obscure button size equivalents.
- Battery Force Also useful, Same note as for Radio Shack.
- Batteries Plus Useful for cross-referencing different batteries (small and large), especially when only application and model is known.
- Powerstream.com Battery Chemisty Tutorial
- The relevant US standard is ANSI C18.1 American National Standard for Dry Cells and Batteries-Specifications.
- Historic Battery Types
- Brand Neutral Drawings Of Common Batteries Based On ANSI C18-2007
