List of basic topics in classical studies

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Classical studies, or Classics for short, is the earliest branch of the Humanities, and covers the languages, literature, history, art, and other cultural aspects of the ancient Mediterranean world. The field focuses primarily on, but is not limited to, Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome during classical antiquity, the era spanning from the beginning of the Bronze Age of Ancient Greece in 1000 BCE through the period known as Late Antiquity to the fall of the Western Roman Empire, circa 500 CE. The word classics is also used to refer to the literature of the period.

The following list of topics is provided as an overview of and introduction to classical studies:

Contents 1 Essence of classical studies 2 Branches of classical studies 2.1 Subdisciplines of classical studies 3 History of classical studies 4 General classical studies concepts 5 Classical archaeology 5.1 Seven Wonders of the Ancient World 5.2 Classical art 5.2.1 Art in Ancient Greece 5.2.2 Roman art 5.3 Classical architecture 5.3.1 Ancient Greek architecture 5.3.2 Roman architecture 6 Geography of the classical period 6.1 Geography at the time of Ancient Greece 6.2 Geography at the time of Ancient Rome 6.2.1 Roman provinces 120 AD 7 Classical history 7.1 Classical Greek history 7.1.1 Ancient Greek society 7.2 Classical Roman history 7.2.1 Military history of Ancient Rome 7.2.2 Roman society 7.3 Classical Egyptian history 8 Classical philology 8.1 Classical language 8.1.1 Ancient Greek 8.1.2 Classical Latin 8.2 Classical literature 8.2.1 Classical Greek literature 8.2.2 Classical Latin literature 8.3 Classical Textual Criticism 9 Classical philosophy 9.1 Periods of classical philosophy 9.2 Schools of thought 9.3 Classical philosophers 10 Classical religion and mythology 10.1 Religion and mythology in Ancient Greece 10.2 Religion and mythology in Ancient Rome 11 Classical science and technology 11.1 Ancient Greek science and technology 11.2 Roman science and technology 12 Classical theatre 12.1 Ancient Greek theatre 12.2 Ancient Roman theatre 13 Classical studies scholars 14 Classics-related lists 14.1 Ancient Greek lists 14.2 Roman lists 15 External links

[edit] Essence of classical studies

Main articles: Classical antiquity and Classical studies

Ancient Greece

Ancient Rome

Ancient Mediterranean

[edit] Branches of classical studies

Main articles: Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome

Culture of Ancient Greece

Culture of Ancient Rome

Culture of Ancient Mediterranean

[edit] Subdisciplines of classical studies

Classical archaeology Classical art — see Art in ancient Greece and Roman art Classical architecture — see Architecture of Ancient Greece and Roman architecture Numismatics Classical history — see also Bronze Age and Classical Antiquity Classical society — see Ancient Greek society and Roman society Classical religion — see Religion in ancient Greece, Greek mythology, Religion in Ancient Rome, and Roman mythology

Classical philology Classical language — see Ancient Greek and Classical Latin Classical literature Classical theatre — see Theatre of Ancient Greece and Theatre of Ancient Rome Classical Textual criticism Classical philosophy — see Greek philosophy. See also Ancient philosophy. Classical science and technology — see History of science in Classical Antiquity, Ancient Greek technology, and Roman technology Palaeography

[edit] History of classical studies

Main article: History of the western classics, not to be confused with classical history (see below)

Literae Humaniores

[edit] General classical studies concepts

Ancient history

Literae Humaniores

[edit] Classical archaeology

Main article: Classical archaeology

Late Helladic period

[edit] Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

Main article: Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

The Greek category was not "Wonders" but "theamata", which translates closer to "must-sees". The list that we know today was compiled in the Middle Ages—by which time many of the sites were no longer in existence:

1. Great Pyramid of Giza (the only wonder of the Ancient World still in existence)
2. Hanging Gardens of Babylon
3. Statue of Zeus at Olympia
4. Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
5. Mausoleum of Maussollos at Halicarnassus
6. Colossus of Rhodes
7. Lighthouse of Alexandria

[edit] Classical art

See also Ancient art

[edit] Art in Ancient Greece

Main article: Art in Ancient Greece

[edit] Roman art

Main article: Roman art

Ancient Roman music

Roman sculpture

[edit] Classical architecture

Main article: Classical architecture

[edit] Ancient Greek architecture

Main article: Architecture of Ancient Greece

Parthenon Temple of Artemis Acropolis

Ancient Agora Arch of Hadrian Statue of Zeus

Colossus of Rhodes Temple of Hephaestus Samothrace temple complex

[edit] Roman architecture

Main article: Roman architecture

Aedes (Roman) Roman aqueduct Basilica Roman Baths (Bath)

Roman bridge Colosseum Forum (Roman) Ancient Roman monuments

Roman road Roman temple Roman theatre (structure) Roman villa

[edit] Geography of the classical period

[edit] Geography at the time of Ancient Greece

Aegean Sea Alexandria Athens Antioch Corinth

Delphi Hellespont Macedon Miletus Olympia

Pergamon Sparta Thermopylae Troy

[edit] Geography at the time of Ancient Rome

Area under Roman control Borders of the Roman Empire Roman Britain

Roman Campagna Roman Gaul Italia

Roman province Roman Umbria Via Flaminia

[edit] Roman provinces 120 AD

Achaea Ægyptus Africa Alpes Cottiae Alpes Maritimae Alpes Poenninae Arabia Petraea Armenia Inferior Asia Assyria Bithynia Britannia Cappadocia Cilicia Commagene Corduene Corsica et Sardinia Creta et Cyrenaica

Cyprus Dacia Dalmatia Epirus Galatia Gallia Aquitania Gallia Belgica Gallia Lugdunensis Gallia Narbonensis Germania Inferior Germania Superior Hispania Baetica Hispania Lusitania Hispania Tarraconensis Italia Iudaea Iturea Lycaonia

Lycia Macedonia Mauretania Caesariensis Mauretania Tingitana Moesia Noricum Numidia Osroene Pannonia Pamphylia Pisidia Pontus Raetia Sicilia Sophene Syria Taurica Thracia

[edit] Classical history

Main article: Classical history

Bronze Age City-state

Classical Antiquity Greco-Roman relations

Magic in the Greco-Roman world

[edit] Classical Greek history

Main articles: Ancient Greece, Hellenistic Greece, Roman Greece, and Timeline of ancient Greece

Greek Dark Ages

Hellenistic period

Military history of ancient Greece

[edit] Ancient Greek society

Main article: Ancient Greek society

Cuisine of Ancient Greece Economy of Ancient Greece

Law in Ancient Greece Pederasty in ancient Greece

Prostitution in Ancient Greece Slavery in Ancient Greece

[edit] Classical Roman history

Main articles: Roman era and Timeline of ancient Rome

Ancient Rome Crisis of the Roman Republic Decline of the Roman Empire Etruscan civilization

Founding of Rome History of Rome Roman conquest of Britain Roman departure from Britain

Roman Empire Roman Kingdom Roman Republic Western Roman Empire

[edit] Military history of Ancient Rome

Main article: Military history of ancient Rome

Political history of the Roman military Structural history of the Roman military Technological history of the Roman military

War: Campaign history of the Roman military Roman civil wars Wars involving the Roman Empire Wars involving the Roman Republic

[edit] Roman society

Main article: Roman society

Adoption in ancient Rome Roman army Roman assemblies Auctoritas Buddhism and the Roman world Roman citizenship Collegiality Roman commerce Roman consul Republican consuls Early imperial consuls Late imperial consuls Roman currency

Cursus honorum Roman Emperor List of Roman Emperors Roman festivals Roman funerals and burial Roman finance Roman gardens Homosexuality in ancient Rome Imperium Roman law Roman laws Status in Roman legal system Local government (ancient Roman)

Roman Magistrates Ancient Roman marriage Roman naming conventions Roman navy Political institutions of Rome Roman province Roman relations with the Parthians and Sassanians Roman school Roman Senate Sino-Roman relations Slavery in ancient Rome Social class in ancient Rome Roman usurper

[edit] Classical Egyptian history

Main article: History of Greek and Roman Egypt

Third Intermediate Period (21st to 25th Dynasties; 11th to 7th centuries BC) Late Period of Ancient Egypt (26th to 31st Dynasties; 7th century BC to 332 BC) History of Egypt under Achaemenid Persian domination (525 BC to 332 BC) - see also Achaemenid Dynasty

History of Greek and Roman Egypt (332 BC to AD 639) Ptolemaic Egypt (332 BC to 30 BC) Macedonian Kings (332 BC to 305 BC) Ptolemaic Dynasty (305 BC to 30 BC) Aegyptus (Roman province) (30 BC to 639 AD)

See also the Egyptian Dynasty list from the Third Intermediate Period on

[edit] Classical philology

Main article: Philology

[edit] Classical language

Main article: Classical language

[edit] Ancient Greek

Main article: Ancient Greek

Aeolic dialect Attic dialect Doric dialect

Greek alphabet Homeric Greek

Ionic dialect Koine

[edit] Classical Latin

Main article: Classical Latin

Latin alphabet

Roman cursive

[edit] Classical literature

Main article: Classical literature

[edit] Classical Greek literature

Main article: Ancient Greek literature

Poets Bucolic poetry: Theocritus Didactic poetry: Hesiod Epic poetry: Homer Lyric poetry: Alcaeus, Alcman, Archilochus, Bacchylides, Mimnermus, Pindar, Sappho, Semonides, Simonides of Ceos, Tyrtaeus Classical meters Playwrights Tragedians: Aeschylus, Euripides, Sophocles, Comedic playwrights: Aristophanes, Menander

Prose writers Fiction: Xenophon Historiography: Herodotus, Plutarch, Polybius, Thucydides, Xenophon Oratory: Aeschines, Demosthenes, Isocrates, Lysias Other: Lucian, Plato

[edit] Classical Latin literature

Main article: Latin literature

Poets Didactic poets: Lucretius, Ovid, Virgil Elegiac poets: Catullus, Ovid, Propertius, Tibullus Epic poets: Ennius, Lucan, Ovid, Virgil Lyric poets: Catullus, Horace Playwrights: Plautus, Terence

Prose writers Epistolary writers: Pliny the younger, Seneca Fiction writers: Apuleius, Petronius Historiographers: Caesar, Cornelius Nepos, Livy, Sallust, Suetonius, Tacitus Orators: Cicero

[edit] Classical Textual Criticism

Main article: Textual criticism

Greek textual criticism Latin textual criticism

[edit] Classical philosophy

Main articles: Classical philosophy and Greek philosophy. See also History of Western philosophy.

[edit] Periods of classical philosophy

Pre-Socratic philosophers

Hellenistic philosophy

Roman philosophy

[edit] Schools of thought

Aristotelianism Cynicism Cyrenaic hedonism Eclecticism Epicureanism

Neo-Platonism Neo-Pythagoreanism Platonism Pre-Socratic naturalism Pyrrhonism

Pythagoreanism Sophism Stoicism

[edit] Classical philosophers

Aenesidemus Agrippa Alexander of Aphrodisias Ammonius Saccas Anaxagoras Anaximander Anaximenes Antisthenes Antiochus of Ascalon Arcesilaus Aristippus Aristotle Carneades Chrysippus Cleanthes Clitomachus Crates of Thebes Cratylus Democritus

Diogenes of Apollonia Diogenes of Sinope Empedocles Epictetus Epicurus Euclid of Megara Heraclitus Hippias Iamblichus Leucippus Melissus Panaetius Parmenides Philo of Larissa Philolaus Plato Plotinus

Posidonius Porphyry Prodicus Protagoras Pyrrho Pythagoras Seneca Sextus Empiricus Socrates Speusippus Stilpo Thales Theophrastus Timon Xenophanes Xenocrates Zeno of Citium Zeno of Elea

[edit] Classical religion and mythology

Main articles: Greco-Roman religion and Greek deities and their Roman and Etruscan counterparts

[edit] Religion and mythology in Ancient Greece

Main articles: Religion in Ancient Greece and Greek mythology

Achilles Apollo Centaurs Dionysus Dragons in Greek mythology Earth-gods Eleusinian Mysteries Golden Fleece Gorgon / Medusa Hellenic polytheism

Heracles The Twelve Labours of Heracles Jason Minotaur Nymphs Odysseus Odyssey Oedipus Pan Perseus

Olympians Primordial gods Satyrs Sea-gods Seven Against Thebes Theseus Titans Triptolemus Trojan War Zeus

[edit] Religion and mythology in Ancient Rome

Main articles: Religion in Ancient Rome and Roman mythology

Pontifex Maximus

Roman Pontiff

[edit] Classical science and technology

Main article: History of science in Classical Antiquity

[edit] Ancient Greek science and technology

Main article: Ancient Greek technology

Agriculture of Ancient Greece Archimedes Greek astronomy

Geographical technology Ptolemy Greek mathematics Euclid

Medicine in ancient Greece Hippocrates Galen Pottery of Ancient Greece

[edit] Roman science and technology

Main article: Roman technology

Roman abacus Roman arithmetic Roman agriculture Roman calendar Cement / concrete Corvus (ship's weapon)

Ancient Roman cranes Roman engineering Glassblowing Medical community of ancient Rome Military of ancient Rome

Roman numerals Plumbing Roman road Ancient Roman units of measurement Sanitation in ancient Rome

[edit] Classical theatre

Amphitheatre

[edit] Ancient Greek theatre

Main article: Theatre of Ancient Greece

[edit] Ancient Roman theatre

Main article: Theatre of Ancient Rome

Circus Maximus

Roman amphitheatres

[edit] Classical studies scholars

J.L. Ackrill Frederic de Forest Allen Georg Anton Friedrich Ast Cyril Bailey Jonathan Barnes August Immanuel Bekker Theodor Bergk Friedrich Blass Herbert Bloch Hermann Bonitz Walter Burkert John Burnet Myles Burnyeat Ingram Bywater Lewis Campbell John Chadwick Harold F. Cherniss Wendell Clausen F.M. Cornford John Dewar Denniston Hermann Alexander Diels E.R. Dodds Kenneth Dover Moses I. Finley Eduard Fraenkel

Ludwig Friedländer Edward Gibbon Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve William Watson Goodwin James Bradstreet Greenough Jasper Griffin Miriam Griffin George Grote W.K.C. Guthrie Edith Hamilton Johann Gottfried Jakob Hermann Karl Friedrich Hermann Felix Jacoby Werner Jaeger Richard Janko Henry Stuart Jones Benjamin Jowett Adolf Kirchhoff Geoffrey Kirk H.D.F. Kitto Raphael Kuhner Karl Lachmann Karl Lehrs David Malcolm Lewis George Cornewall Lewis

Henry Liddell Johan Nicolai Madvig Augustus Meineke Theodor Mommsen Hugh Andrew Johnstone Munro Gilbert Murray Max Müller Gregory Nagy Friedrich Nietzsche Robert Maxwell Ogilvie G.E.L. Owen Denys Page Milman Parry W.D. Ross Robert Scott D.R. Shackleton Bailey Herbert Weir Smyth Ronald Syme Michael Ventris Gregory Vlastos Martin Litchfield West Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff Friedrich August Wolf Eduard Zeller

[edit] Classics-related lists

Main list List of topics related to ancient Rome

List of classical architecture terms

List of classical meters

[edit] Ancient Greek lists

List of ancient Greek cities List of ancient Greeks

List of ancient Greek tyrants List of Greek mythological creatures

List of Greek mythological figures List of ancient Macedonians

[edit] Roman lists

List of Latin abbreviations List of aqueducts in the Roman Empire List of Roman aqueducts by date List of Roman amphitheatres List of Roman cognomina Lists of Roman consuls List of Republican Roman Consuls List of early imperial Roman consuls List of late imperial Roman consuls List of Roman deities / List of Roman gods List of Roman Goddesses

List of Roman Emperors Concise List of Roman Emperors List of Roman emperors to be condemned List of films based on Greco-Roman mythology List of Roman gladiator types List of Roman laws List of Roman legions List of Roman nomina

Lists of Roman places List of Roman place names in Britain List of Roman places in Hispania List of Romans List of Roman sites List of Roman tribes List of Roman triumphal arches in Italy outside Rome List of Roman usurpers List of Imperial Roman victory titles List of Roman villas in England

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