List of United Kingdom by-elections (1918–1931)

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This is a list of parliamentary by-elections in the United Kingdom held between 1918 and 1931, with the names of the incumbent and victor and their respective parties. Where seats changed political party at the election, the result is highlighted: red for a Labour gain, blue for a Conservative gain, yellow for a Liberal gain, orange for a SNP gain and grey for any other gain.

1 By-elections
2 References

[edit] By-elections

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause
[edit] 35th Parliament (1929–1931)
Guildford	25 August 1931¹	Henry Cecil Buckingham		Conservative	Charles Rhys		Conservative
Liverpool Wavertree	23 June 1931	John Abraham Tinne		Conservative	Ronald Nall-Cain		Conservative	Resignation
Manchester Ardwick	22 June 1931	Thomas Louth		Labour	Joseph Henderson		Labour	Death
Gateshead	8 June 1931	Sir James Benjamin Melville		Labour	Herbert Evans		Labour	Death
Rutherglen	21 May 1931	William Wright		Labour	David Hardie		Labour	Death
Stroud	21 May 1931	Sir Frank Nelson		Conservative	Walter Robert Dempster Perkins		Conservative	Resignation
Ogmore	19 May 1931	Vernon Hartshorn		Labour	Edward Williams		Labour	Death
Glasgow St Rollox	7 May 1931	James Stewart		Labour	William Leonard		Labour	Death
Scarborough and Whitby	6 May 1931	Sidney Herbert		Conservative	Paul Latham		Conservative	Resignation
Ashton-under-Lyne	30 April 1931²	Albert Bellamy		Labour	John Broadbent		Conservative	Death
Woolwich East	15 April 1931	Henry Snell		Labour	George Hicks		Labour	Elevation to the peerage
Sunderland	26 March 1931^{2, 3}	Alfred Smith		Labour	Luke Thompson		Conservative	Death
Pontypridd	19 March 1931	Harry Snell		Labour	George Hicks		Labour	Resignation
Westminster St George's	19 March 1931	Laming Worthington-Evans		Conservative	Duff Cooper		Conservative	Death
Salisbury	11 March 1931	Hugh Morrison		Conservative	James Despencer-Robertson		Conservative	Resignation
Fermanagh and Tyrone	7 March 1931¹	Thomas Harbison		Nationalist (NI)	Cahir Healy		Nationalist (NI)	Death
Fareham	20 February 1931	John Davidson		Conservative	Thomas Inskip		Conservative	Resignation
Islington East	19 February 1931	Ethel Bentham		Labour	Leah Manning		Labour	Death
Liverpool East Toxteth	5 February 1931	Henry Mond		Conservative	Patrick Buchan-Hepburn		Conservative	Succession to the peerage
Bristol East	16 January 1931	Walter John Baker		Labour	Stafford Cripps		Labour	Death
Whitechapel and St George's	3 December 1930	Harry Gosling		Labour	James Henry Hall		Labour	Death
East Renfrewshire	28 November 1930	Albert Munro MacRobert		Conservative	Douglas Douglas-Hamilton		Conservative	Death
Shipley	6 November 1930²	William Mackinder		Labour	James Horace Lockwood		Conservative	Death
Paddington South	30 October 1930⁴	H. D. King		Conservative	Ernest Taylor		Empire Free Trade Crusade	Death
Bromley	2 September 1930	Cuthbert James		Conservative	Sir Edward Taswell Campbell		Conservative	Elevation to the peerage
North Norfolk	9 July 1930	Noel Buxton		Labour	Lucy Noel-Buxton		Labour	Death
Glasgow Shettleston	26 June 1930	John Wheatley		Labour	John McGovern		Labour	Death
Nottingham Central	27 May 1930	Albert James Bennett		Conservative	Terence James O'Connor		Conservative	Resignation
Fulham West	6 May 1930²	George Ernest Spero		Labour	Cyril Stephen Cobb		Conservative	Resignation
Sheffield Brightside	6 February 1930	Arthur Ponsonby		Labour	Fred Marshall		Labour	Elevated to the peerage
Liverpool Scotland	14 December 1929⁵	Thomas Power O'Connor		Irish Parliamentary	David Logan		Labour	Death
Tamworth	2 December 1929	Sir Edward Maugar Iliffe		Conservative	Sir Arthur Herbert Drummond Ramsay-Steel-Maitland		Conservative	Resignation
Kilmarnock	27 September 1929	Charles Glen MacAndrew		Labour	Robert Climie		Labour	Death
Twickenham	8 August 1929	William Joynson-Hicks		Conservative	John Ferguson		Conservative	Elevated to the peerage
Leeds South East	1 August 1929	Henry Herman Slesser		Labour	James Milner		Labour	Resignation
Preston	31 July 1929⁶	William Allen Jowitt		Liberal	William Allen Jowitt		Labour	Seeks re-election upon change of party allegiance
¹ - An unopposed by-election. The Guildford by-election was initially contested but on 25 August the Liberal candidate withdrew, in light of the changed political situation due to the formation of the National Government the previous day. ² - Retained at the 1931 UK general election. ³ - Sunderland was a two member constituency. Both MPs were won by Labour in the 1929 general election and by the Conservatives in the 1931 general election. ⁴ - Taylor joined the Conservative Party in 1931, holding the seat at the 1931 general election. ⁵ - A rare case of a gain in an unopposed election. O'Connor had an ad hoc group of supporters in the constituency who helped his campaign at election times, and Logan had been extensively involved in the Irish nationalist movement in his youth. ⁶ - Preston was a two member constituency. Jowitt was appointed Attorney General of England and Wales in the Labour government and opted to seek re-election in his new party colours. In 1931 he became a National Labour MP but did not recontest Preston in the 1931 general election as he could not secure the withdrawal of Conservative candidates supporting the National Government who took both seats. [edit] 34th Parliament (1924–1929)
By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause
North Lanarkshire	21 March 1929¹	Alexander Sprot		Conservative	Jennie Lee		Labour	Death
Holland with Boston	21 March 1929¹	Arthur Wellesley Dean		Conservative	James Blindell		Liberal	Death
Bath	21 March 1929	Charles Talbot Foxcroft		Conservative	Charles Baillie-Hamilton		Conservative	Death
Eddisbury	20 March 1929¹	Harry Barnston		Conservative	Richard John Russell		Liberal	Death
Liverpool East Toxteth	19 March 1929	Albert Edward Jacob		Conservative	Henry Mond		Conservative	Death
Wansbeck	13 February 1929	George Warne		Labour	George William Shield		Labour	Death
Bishop Auckland	7 February 1929	Ben Spoor		Labour	Florence Ruth Dalton		Labour	Death
Battersea South	7 February 1929¹	Francis Curzon		Conservative	William Bennett		Labour	Succession to the peerage
Londonderry	29 January 1929	Malcolm Macnaghten		Ulster Unionist	Ronald Deane Ross		Ulster Unionist	Appointment as High Court judge
Midlothian and Peeblesshire Northern	29 January 1929²	George Aitken Clark Hutchison		Conservative	Andrew Bathgate Clarke		Labour	Death
Ashton-under-Lyne	29 October 1928¹	Cornelius William James Homan		Conservative	Albert Bellamy		Labour	Declared bankrupt
Tavistock	11 October 1928	Philip Kenyon-Slaney		Conservative	Wallace Duffield Wright		Conservative	Death
Cheltenham	26 September 1928	James Tynte Agg-Gardner		Conservative	Walter Reuben Preston		Conservative	Death
Aberdeen North	16 August 1928	Frank Herbert Rose		Labour	William Wedgwood Benn		Labour	Death
Sheffield Hallam	16 July 1928	Frederick Sykes		Conservative	Louis William Smith		Conservative	Appointed Governor of Bombay
Halifax	13 July 1928^{1, 3}	John Henry Whitley		Speaker	Arthur Longbottom		Labour	Resignation (retired as Speaker)
Epsom	4 July 1928	George Blades		Conservative	Archibald Southby		Conservative	Elevation to the peerage
Carmarthen	28 June 1928⁴	Sir Alfred Mond		Liberal/Conservative	William Nathaniel Jones		Liberal	Elevation to the Hereditary Peerage
Holborn	28 June 1928	James Remnant		Conservative	Stuart James Bevan		Conservative	Elevation to the peerage
St Marylebone	30 April 1928	Douglas Hogg		Conservative	Rennell Rodd		Conservative	Resignation
Hanley	23 April 1928	Samuel Clowes		Labour	Arthur Hollins		Labour	Death
Linlithgowshire	4 April 1928¹	James Kidd		Conservative	Emanuel Shinwell		Labour	Death
Middlesbrough West	7 March 1928	Walter Trevelyan Thomson		Liberal	Frank Kingsley Griffith		Liberal	Death
St Ives	6 March 1928¹	John Anthony Hawke		Conservative	Hilda Runciman		Liberal	Appointment as a High Court Judge
Ilford	23 February 1928	Frederic Wise		Conservative	George Clements Hamilton		Conservative	Death
Lancaster	9 February 1928²	Gerald Strickland		Conservative	Robert Parkinson Tomlinson		Liberal	Elevation to the Hereditary Peerage
Bristol West	2 February 1928	George Gibbs		Conservative	Cyril Culverwell		Conservative
Faversham	25 January 1928	Granville Wheler		Conservative	Adam Maitland		Conservative	Death
Northampton	9 January 1928¹	Arthur Edward Aveling Holland		Conservative	Cecil L'Estrange Malone		Labour	Death
Canterbury	24 November 1927	Ronald McNeill		Conservative	William Wayland		Conservative	Elevation to the peerage
Southend	19 November 1927	Rupert Guinness		Conservative	Gwendolen Guinness		Conservative	Succession to the peerage
Brixton	27 June 1927	Davison Alexander Dalziel		Conservative	Nigel Colman		Conservative	Elevation to the peerage
Westbury	16 June 1927	Richard Eric Onslow Long		Conservative	Richard Long		Conservative	Death
Bosworth	31 May 1927¹	Robert Gee		Conservative	William Edge		Liberal	Resignation
Combined Scottish Universities	26-29 April 1927	Henry Craik		Conservative	John Buchan		Conservative	Death
Southwark North	28 March 1927⁵	Leslie Haden-Guest		Labour	Edward Anthony Strauss		Liberal	Sought re-election upon change of party allegiance
Edinburgh Leith	23 March 1927	William Wedgwood Benn		Liberal	Ernest Brown		Liberal	Resignation
Stourbridge	23 February 1927¹	Douglas Percival Pielou		Conservative	Wilfred Wellock		Labour	Death
Smethwick	21 December 1926	John Emanuel Davison		Labour	Oswald Mosley		Labour	Resignation
Chelmsford	30 November 1926	H. Curtis-Bennett		Conservative	C. K. Howard Bury		Conservative	Resignation
Kingston-upon-Hull Central	29 November 1926¹	Joseph Montague Kenworthy		Liberal	Joseph Montague Kenworthy		Labour	Seeks re-election upon change of party allegiance
Howdenshire	25 November 1926	Stanley Jackson		Conservative	William Henton Carver		Conservative	Resignation
North Cumberland	17 September 1926	Donald Howard		Conservative	Fergus Graham		Conservative	Succession to the peerage
Wallsend	21 July 1926	Patrick Hastings		Labour	Margaret Bondfield		Labour	Resignation
Hammersmith North	20 May 1926¹	Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett		Conservative	James Patrick Gardner		Labour	Resignation
Buckrose	5 May 1926	Guy Gaunt		Conservative	A. N. Braithwaite		Conservative	Resignation
East Ham North	29 April 1926¹	Charles Williamson Crook		Conservative	Arabella Susan Lawrence		Labour	Death
Bothwell	26 March 1926	John Robertson		Labour	Joseph Sullivan		Labour	Death
Combined English Universities	8-12 March 1926⁶	Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher		Liberal	Alfred Hopkinson		Conservative	Resignation
Darlington	17 February 1926¹	William Edwin Pease		Conservative	Arthur Lewis Shepherd		Labour	Death
Cambridge University	13 February 1926⁷	John Rawlinson		Conservative	John James Withers		Conservative	Death
East Renfrewshire	29 January 1926	Alexander Munro MacRobert		Conservative	Alexander Munro MacRobert		Conservative	Appointed Solicitor General for Scotland
Dunbartonshire	29 January 1926	David Pinkerton Fleming		Conservative	John Gibb Thom		Conservative	Appointed to the Court of Session
Ripon	5 December 1925	Edward Wood		Conservative	John Waller Hills		Conservative	Resignation
Bury St Edmunds	1 December 1925	Walter Edward Guinness		Conservative	Walter Edward Guinness		Conservative	Appointed Financial Secretary to the Treasury
Galloway	17 November 1925	Arthur Henniker-Hughan		Conservative	Sidney Richard Streatfield		Conservative	Death
Stockport	17 September 1925⁸	William Greenwood		Conservative	Arnold Ernest Townend		Labour	Death
Forest of Dean	14 July 1925	J. Wignall		Labour	A. A. Purcell		Labour	Death
Oldham	24 June 1925	Edward Grigg		Liberal	W. M. Wiggins		Liberal	Resignation
Eastbourne	17 June 1925	George Lloyd		Conservative	William Reginald Hall		Conservative	Resignation
Ayr Burghs	12 June 1925	John Baird		Conservative	Thomas Cecil Moore		Conservative	Appointed Governor-General of Australia
Walsall	27 February 1925	Charles William Preston		Conservative	Charles William Preston		Conservative	Disqualification
Dundee	22 December 1924	E. D. Morel		Labour	Thomas Johnston		Labour	Death
¹ - Gain retained at the 1929 UK general election. ² - Gain not retained at the 1929 UK general election. ³ - Prior to his elevation to Speaker of the House of Commons, John Henry Whitley had been a Liberal MP. ⁴ - Sir Alfred Mond was elected in the 1924 general election as a Liberal but moved to the Conservative Party in Parliament. The Liberals retook his seat in the by-election but lost it to Labour in the 1929 general election. ⁵ - Haden-Guest left the Labour Party and sought re-election as a Constitutionalist, but the seat was gained by the Liberals. In the 1929 general election the seat was regained by the Labour Party. ⁶ - The Combined English Universities was a two-member constituency. In the 1924 general election it elected one Conservative and one Liberal. The Conservatives gained the Liberal seat but in the 1929 general election the two seats were won by one Conservative and one Independent (Eleanor Rathbone). ⁷ - An uncontested election. ⁸ - Stockport was a two member constituency. In the 1924 general election it elected two Conservative MPs. One seat was lost to the Labour Party in the 1926 by-election. In the 1929 general election the Conservative and Labour Parties won one seat apiece. [edit] 33rd Parliament (1923–1924)
By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause
Carmarthen	14 August 1924	Ellis Ellis-Griffith		Liberal	Alfred Mond		Liberal	Resignation
Holland with Boston	31 July 1924¹	William Stapleton Royce		Labour	Arthur Wellesley Dean		Conservative	Death
Lewes	9 July 1924	William Campion		Conservative	Tufton Percy Hamilton Beamish		Conservative	Appointment as Governor of Western Australia
Oxford	5 June 1924¹	Frank Gray		Liberal	Robert Croft Bourne		Conservative	Election declared void
Glasgow Kelvingrove	23 May 1924	William Hutchison		Conservative	Walter Elliot		Conservative	Death
Liverpool West Toxteth	22 May 1924¹	Robert Paterson Houston		Conservative	Joseph Gibbins		Labour	Resignation
Abbey	19 March 1924	John Sanctuary Nicholson		Conservative	Otho William Nicholson		Conservative	Death
Dover	12 March 1924	John Astor		Conservative	John Astor		Conservative	Voted before taking the Oath of Allegiance
Burnley	28 February 1924	David Irving		Labour	Arthur Henderson		Labour	Death
City of London	1 February 1924	Frederick George Banbury		Conservative	Thomas Vansittart Bowater		Conservative	Elevation to the peerage
¹ - Gain retained at the 1924 UK general election. [edit] 32nd Parliament (1922–1923)
By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause
Yeovil	30 October 1923	Aubrey Herbert		Conservative	George Davies		Conservative	Death
Rutland and Stamford	30 October 1923	Charles Harvey Dixon		Conservative	Neville Woodford Smith-Carington		Conservative	Death
Portsmouth South	13 August 1923	Leslie Orme Wilson		Conservative	Herbert Robin Cayzer		Conservative	Resignation
Leeds Central	26 July 1923	Arthur Wellesley Willey		Conservative	Charles Henry Wilson		Conservative	Death
Tiverton	21 June 1923¹	Herbert Weston Sheppard Sparkes		Conservative	Francis Dyke Acland		Liberal	Death
Morpeth	21 June 1923	John Cairns		Labour	Robert Smillie		Labour	Death
Berwick-upon-Tweed	31 May 1923¹	Hilton Philipson		National Liberal	Mabel Philipson		Conservative	Void election (electoral fraud)
Ludlow	19 April 1923	Ivor Windsor-Clive		Conservative	George Windsor-Clive		Conservative	Succession to the peerage
Anglesey	7 April 1923¹	Owen Thomas		Independent Labour	Sir Robert John Thomas		Liberal	Death
Liverpool Edge Hill	6 March 1923¹	William Watson Rutherford		Conservative	John Henry Hayes		Labour	Resignation
Mitcham	3 March 1923²	Richard James Meller		Conservative	James Chuter Ede		Labour	Resignation
Willesden East	3 March 1923¹	Sir H. M. Mallaby-Deeley		Conservative	Harcourt Johnstone		Liberal	Resignation
Darlington	28 February 1923	Herbert Pike Pease		Conservative	William Edwin Pease		Conservative	Elevation to the peerage
Stepney, Whitechapel and St George's	8 February 1923	Charles James Mathew		Labour	Harry Gosling		Labour	Death
Newcastle-upon-Tyne East	17 January 1923	Joseph Nicholas Bell		Labour	Arthur Henderson		Labour	Death
Portsmouth South	3 December 1922	Herbert Robin Cayzer		Conservative	Leslie Orme Wilson		Conservative	Resignation
¹ - Gain retained at the 1923 UK general election. ² - Gain not retained at the 1923 UK general election. [edit] 31st Parliament (1919–1922) Some precise party allegiances are difficult to determine as during this Parliament the Liberal and Conservative Parties were both divided over whether or not to continue support for the Lloyd George Coalition Government. Some opponents of the Coalition ran and/or sat as Independent Liberals or Conservatives respectively; however other opponents were able to secure official nominations. It is not always clear just where an individual MP or officially endorsed candidate stood on the Coalition at the point of election and there are several who appear to have given ambiguous information at the time or to have switched wings once in Parliament.
By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause
Newport (Monmouthshire)	18 October 1922¹	Lewis Haslam		Coalition Liberal	Reginald Clarry		Conservative	Death
Hackney South	18 August 1922²	Horatio Bottomley		Independent	Clifford Erskine-Bolst		Coalition Conservative	Expelled from the House (convicted of fraud)
Pontypridd	25 July 1922¹	Thomas Arthur Lewis		Coalition Liberal	Thomas Isaac Mardy Jones		Labour	Appointed as a Junior Lord of the Treasury
North Down	21 July 1922	Henry Hughes Wilson		Ulster Unionist	John Morrow Simms		Ulster Unionist	Death
Gower	20 July 1922	John Williams		Labour	David Grenfell		Labour	Death
Nottingham East	29 June 1922	John David Rees		Coalition Conservative	John Plowright Houfton		Coalition Conservative	Death
Banbury	22 June 1922	Rhys Rhys-Williams		Coalition Liberal	James Edmondson		Coalition Conservative	Accepted office of profit
Moray and Nairn	21 June 1922	Archibald Williamson		Coalition Liberal	Thomas Maule Guthrie		Coalition Liberal	Elevation to the peerage
Newbury	10 June 1922	William Arthur Mount		Coalition Conservative	Howard Clifton Brown		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
North Londonderry	4 June 1922	Hugh Thom Barrie		Ulster Unionist	Malcolm Macnaghten		Ulster Unionist	Death
City of London	19 May 1922	Arthur Balfour		Coalition Conservative	Edward Charles Grenfell		Coalition Conservative	Elevation to the peerage
Wandsworth	9 May 1922			Coalition Conservative			Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Leicester East	30 March 1922³	Gordon Hewart		Coalition Liberal	George Banton		Labour	Appointment as Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales
Chertsey	24 March 1922	Donald MacMaster		Coalition Conservative	Philip Wigham Richardson		Coalition Conservative	Death
Inverness	16 March 1922	Thomas Brash Morison		Coalition Liberal	Murdoch MacDonald		Coalition Liberal	Resignation
Cambridge	16 March 1922	Eric Geddes		Coalition Conservative	George Newton		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Liverpool Exchange	13 March 1922	Leslie Frederic Scott		Coalition Conservative	Leslie Frederic Scott		Coalition Conservative	Appointed as Solicitor General
Wolverhampton West	7 March 1922	Alfred Frederick Bird		Coalition Conservative	Robert Bland Bird		Coalition Conservative	Death
Bodmin	24 February 1922¹	Charles Augustin Hanson		Coalition Conservative	Isaac Foot		Liberal	Death
North Down	21 February 1922	Thomas Watters Brown		Ulster Unionist	Henry Hughes Wilson		Ulster Unionist	Appointed to the High Court of Northern Ireland
Camberwell North	20 February 1922¹	Henry Newton Knights		Coalition Conservative	Charles Ammon		Labour	Resignation
Manchester Clayton	18 February 1922³	Edward Hopkinson		Coalition Conservative	John Edward Sutton		Labour	Death
West Down	17 February 1922	Thomas Browne Wallace		Ulster Unionist	Hugh Hayes		Ulster Unionist	Appointed Chief Clerk to the High Court of Northern Ireland
South Londonderry	28 January 1922	Robert Chichester		Ulster Unionist	William Pain		Ulster Unionist	Death
Tamworth	17 January 1922			Coalition Conservative			Coalition Conservative	Death
Ludlow	4 January 1922	Beville Stanier		Coalition Conservative	Ivor Windsor-Clive		Coalition Conservative	Death
Southwark South East	14 December 1921⁴	James Arthur Dawes		Coalition Liberal	Thomas Ellis Naylor		Labour	Death
Hornsey	10 November 1921	William Kennedy Jones		Conservative	William Ward		Conservative	Death
Westhoughton	5 October 1921	William Tyson Wilson		Labour	Rhys John Davies		Labour	Death
Louth	22 September 1921	Thomas Wintringham		Liberal	Margaret Wintringham		Liberal	Death
Lewisham West	13 September 1921	Edward Feetham Coates		Conservative	Philip Dawson		Conservative	Death
South Londonderry	29 August 1921	Denis Henry		Ulster Unionist	Robert Chichester		Ulster Unionist	Appointed Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland
Westminster Abbey	25 August 1921	William Burdett-Coutts		Conservative	John Sanctuary Nicholson		Conservative	Death
Caerphilly	24 August 1921	Alfred Onions		Labour	Morgan Jones		Labour	Death
Hertford	16 July 1921	Noel Pemberton Billing		Independent	Murray Sueter		Anti-Waste League and Independent	Resignation (ill-health)
Heywood and Radcliffe	8 July 1921⁴	Albert Illingworth		Coalition Liberal	Walter Halls		Labour	Elevation to the peerage
Westminster St George's	7 July 1921⁵	Walter Long		Coalition Conservative	J. M. M. Erskine		Anti-Waste League	Elevation to the peerage
Mid Down	2 July 1921	James Craig		Ulster Unionist	Robert Sharman-Crawford		Ulster Unionist	Elected Prime Minister of Northern Ireland
Mid Antrim	23 June 1921	James Lonsadale		Ulster Unionist	Henry Bruce Armstrong		Ulster Unionist	Death
Belfast Duncairn	23 June 1921	Edward Carson		Ulster Unionist	Thomas Edward McConnell		Ulster Unionist	Appointed Lord of Appeal in Ordinary
North Down	23 June 1921	Thomas Watters Brown		Ulster Unionist	Thomas Watters Brown		Ulster Unionist	Appointed Solicitor-General for Ireland
West Down	23 June 1921	Daniel Martin Wilson		Ulster Unionist	Thomas Browne Wallace		Ulster Unionist	Appointed Recorder of Belfast
Orkney and Shetland	17 May 1921	Cathcart Wilson		Coalition Liberal	Malcolm Smith		Coalition Liberal	Death
Abingdon	14 May 1921	John Tyson Wigan		Coalition Conservative	Arthur Thomas Loyd		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Penrith and Cockermouth	13 May 1921	James William Lowther		Coalition Conservative	Cecil Lowther		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Hastings	4 May 1921	Laurance Lyon		Coalition Conservative	Eustace Percy		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Chichester	23 April 1921	Edmund Fitzalan-Howard		Coalition Conservative	William Bird		Coalition Conservative
Bedford	23 April 1921	Frederick Kellaway		Coalition Liberal	Frederick Kellaway		Coalition Liberal	Appointed Postmaster General
Bewdley	19 April 1921	Stanley Baldwin		Coalition Conservative	Stanley Baldwin		Coalition Conservative	Appointed President of the Board of Trade
Eddisbury	19 April 1921	Harry Barnston		Coalition Conservative	Harry Barnston		Coalition Conservative	Appointed Comptroller of the Household
East Dorset	16 April 1921	Frederick Edward Guest		Coalition Liberal	Frederick Edward Guest		Coalition Liberal	Appointed Secretary of State for Air
Glasgow Pollok	14 April 1921	John Gilmour		Coalition Conservative	John Gilmour		Coalition Conservative	Appointed Junior Lord of the Treasury
Bristol West	9 April 1921	George Gibbs		Coalition Conservative	George Gibbs		Coalition Conservative	Appointed Treasurer of the Household
Taunton	8 April 1921	Dennis Fortescue Boles		Coalition Conservative	Arthur Griffith-Boscawen		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Birmingham West	31 March 1921	Austen Chamberlain		Coalition Conservative	Austen Chamberlain		Coalition Conservative	Appointed Lord Privy Seal
Penistone	5 March 1921³	Sydney Arnold		Liberal	William Gillis		Labour	Resignation
Kirkcaldy Burghs	4 March 1921⁴	James Henry Dalziel		Coalition Liberal	Thomas Kennedy		Labour	Resignation
Birmingham Moseley	4 March 1921	Hallewell Rogers		Coalition Conservative	Patrick Hannon		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Dudley	3 March 1921³	Arthur Griffith-Boscawen		Coalition Conservative	James Wilson		Labour	Appointment as Minister of Agriculture
Woolwich East	2 March 1921³	Will Crooks		Labour	Robert Gee		Coalition Conservative	Death
Cardiganshire	18 February 1921	Matthew Vaughan-Davies		Coalition Liberal	Ernest Evans		Coalition Liberal	Elevated to the peerage
Dover	12 January 1921⁵	Viscount Duncannon		Coalition Conservative	Thomas Andrew Polson		Independent	Succession to the Peerage
Hereford	11 January 1921	Charles Thornton Pulley		Coalition Conservative	Samuel Roberts		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Abertillery	21 December 1920	William Brace		Labour	George Barker		Labour	Resignation
Rhondda West	21 December 1920	William Abraham		Labour	William John		Labour	Resignation
Middleton and Prestwich	22 November 1920			Coalition Liberal			Coalition Liberal	Acceptance of an office of profit
The Wrekin	20 November 1920⁶	Charles Frederick Palmer		Independent	Sir C. V. F. Townshend		Independent	Death
Hemel Hempstead	9 November 1920	Gustavus Talbot		Coalition Conservative	John Davidson		Coalition Conservative	Death
Ilford	25 September 1920	William Peter Griggs		Coalition Conservative	Frederic Wise		Coalition Conservative	Death
Woodbridge	28 July 1920	Robert Francis Peel		Coalition Conservative	Arthur Charles Churchman		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
South Norfolk	27 July 1920⁷	William Hepburn Cozens-Hardy		Coalition Liberal	George Edwards		Labour	Succession to the peerage
Ebbw Vale	26 July 1920	Thomas Richards		Labour	Evan Davies		Labour	Resignation
Nelson and Colne	17 June 1920	Albert Smith		Labour	Robinson Graham		Labour	Resignation
Louth	3 June 1920⁸	Henry Langton Brackenbury		Coalition Conservative	Thomas Wintringham		Liberal	Death
Sunderland	24 April 1920	Hamar Greenwood		Coalition Liberal	Hamar Greenwood		Coalition Liberal	Appointed Secretary for Overseas Trade
Edinburgh North	9 April 1920	James Avon Clyde		Coalition Conservative	Patrick Johnstone Ford		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Edinburgh South	9 April 1920	Charles David Murray		Coalition Conservative	Charles David Murray		Coalition Conservative	Appointed Solicitor General for Scotland
Northampton	1 April 1920	Charles McCurdy		Coalition Liberal	Charles McCurdy		Coalition Liberal	Appointed Minister of Food Control
Basingstoke	31 March 1920	Auckland Campbell Geddes		Coalition Conservative	Arthur Richard Holbrook		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Camberwell North West	31 March 1920	Thomas James McNamara		Coalition Liberal	Thomas James McNamara		Coalition Liberal	Ministerial
Dartford	27 March 1920⁹	James Rowlands		Coalition Liberal	John Edmund Mills		Labour	Death
Stockport	27 March 1920	Spencer Leigh Hughes		Coalition Liberal	Henry Fildes		Coalition Liberal	Death
Stockport	27 March 1920	George Wardle		Coalition Labour	William Greenwood		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Argyll	10 March 1920	William Sutherland		Coalition Liberal	William Sutherland		Coalition Liberal	Ministerial
Horncastle	25 February 1920	William Weigall		Coalition Conservative	Stafford Vere Hotchkin		Coalition Conservative	Appointed Governor of South Australia
Paisley	12 February 1920	John Mills McCallum		Liberal	Herbert Henry Asquith		Liberal	Death
The Wrekin	7 February 1920⁷	Charles Solomon Henry		Coalition Liberal	Charles Frederick Palmer		Independent	Death
Ashton-under-Lyne	31 January 1920	Albert Henry Stanley		Coalition Conservative	Walter de Frece		Coalition Conservative	Elevation to the peerage
Spen Valley	20 December 1919¹¹	Thomas Palmer Whittaker		Coalition Liberal	Thomas Myers		Labour	Death
Bromley	17 December 1919	Henry Forster		Coalition Conservative	Cuthbert James		Coalition Conservative	Elevation to the peerage
St Albans	10 December 1919	Sir Edward Hildred Carlile		Coalition Conservative	Francis Edward Fremantle		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Isle of Thanet	15 November 1919	Norman Carlyle Craig		Conservative	Esmond Harmsworth		Conservative	Death
Plymouth Sutton	15 November 1919	Waldorf Astor		Coalition Conservative	Nancy Astor		Coalition Conservative	Succession to the peerage
Croydon South	14 November 1919	Ian Malcolm		Coalition Conservative	Allan Smith		Coalition Conservative	Resignation
Chester-le-Street	13 November 1919	John Wilkinson Taylor		Labour	Jack Lawson		Labour	Resignation
Manchester Rusholme	7 October 1919	Robert Burdon Stoker		Coalition Conservative	John Henry Thorpe		Coalition Conservative	Death
Pontefract	6 September 1919	Joseph Compton-Rickett		Coalition Liberal	Walter Forrest		Coalition Liberal	Death
Widnes	30 August 1919³	William Hall Walker		Coalition Conservative	Arthur Henderson		Labour	Elevation to the peerage
Dublin University	28 July 1919	Arthur Warren Samuels		Irish Unionist	William Morgan Jellett		Irish Unionist	Appointed to the Irish High Court
Bothwell	16 July 1919¹	David Henderson Macdonald		Coalition Conservative	John Robertson		Labour	Death
Swansea East	10 July 1919	Thomas Jeremiah Williams		Coalition Liberal	David Matthews		Coalition Liberal	Death
East Antrim	27 May 1919¹²	Robert Chaine Alexander McCalmont		Irish Unionist	George Boyle Hanna		Independent Unionist	Appointed Commander of the Irish Guards
Aberdeenshire and Kincardineshire Central	16 April 1919¹	Alexander Theodore Gordon		Coalition Conservative	Murdoch McKenzie Wood		Liberal	Death
Hull Central	29 March 1919¹	Sir Mark Sykes		Coalition Conservative	Hon. Joseph Kenworthy		Liberal	Death
Oxford University	19 - 24 March 1919	Rowland Prothero		Coalition Conservative	Charles Oman		Coalition Conservative	Elevation to the peerage
North Londonderry	4 March 1919	Hugh Alfred Anderson		Irish Unionist	Hugh Thom Barrie		Irish Unionist	Resignation
Leyton West	1 March 1919³	Harry Wrightson		Coalition Conservative	Alfred Ernest Newbould		Liberal	Death
Liverpool West Derby	26 February 1919	Frederick Edwin Smith		Coalition Conservative	William Reginald Hall		Coalition Conservative	Elevated to the peerage

¹ - Gain retained at the 1922 UK general election.

² - Horatio Bottomley was expelled from the Commons following his imprisonment for fraud. The by-election was won by Clifford Erskine-Bolst as a Conservative candidate supporting the Coalition, who retained the seat in the 1922 general election for the party post Coalition.

³ - Gain not retained at the 1922 UK general election.

⁴ - The seat was regained at the 1922 general election by the National Liberals, as the Coalition Liberals were restyled following the end of the Coalition.

⁵ - Erskine was the nominee of the Anti-Waste League. In the 1922 general election he was also supported by the St. George's, Hannover Square, Independent Conservative Association who were in dispute with the official Conservative Association in the constituency. During the 1922-1923 Parliament Erskine came to sit as an official Conservative and retained the sea as such in subsequent elections.

⁶ - At the time of his election Polson was supported by Horatio Bottomley who formed the Independent Parliamentary Group in Parliament. Shortly after election he joined the newly formed Anti-Waste League. He unsuccessfully defended his seat in the 1922 general election as an Independent Conservative, losing to an official Conservative candidate.

⁷ - The Wrekin experienced two by-elections in 1920. Both Charles Frederick Palmer and Sir C. V. F. Townshend were supported by Horatio Bottomley and once in Parliament joined his Independent Parliamentary Group. The seat was won by the Coalition Liberals in the 1918 general election and by the Conservatives in the 1922 general election.

⁸ - George Edwards gained Norfolk South from the Liberals, but lost to the Conservatives in the 1922 general election.

⁹ - Thomas Wintringham died later in the Parliament and Louth was retained for the Liberals by his wife Margaret in both the second by-election and the 1922 general election.

¹⁰ - John Edmund Mills won Dartford from the Coalition Liberals, but lost to G. W. S. Jarrett, running as a Constitutionalist in the 1922 general election.

¹¹ - Spen Valley was taken from the Coalition Liberals by Labour due to the intevention of an anti-Coalition official Liberal. In the 1922 general election the anti-Coalition Liberal gained the seat.

¹² - Due to the establishment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland, the number of constituencies for Northern Ireland was substantially reduced from the 1922 general election. East Antrim was absorbed into the larger two-member Antrim constituency, which at the 1922 election was won by two official Ulster Unionists.

By-elections in the United Kingdom
British Parliament: 1885–1900 • 1900–1918 • 1918–1931 • 1931–1950 • 1950–1979 • 1979–present
Scottish Parliament • Welsh Assembly • Northern Irish Parliament

[edit] References

List of MPs since 1660
F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Statistics 1832-1987
F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-49
F. W. S. Craig, Chronology of British Parliamentary By-elections 1833-1987

Categories: United Kingdom-related lists | By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom

List of United Kingdom by-elections (1918–1931)

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