List of Swedish fish

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about real fishes seen in Swedish waters. For the Swedish brand of sweets, see Swedish fish.

List of fish encountered in Swedish waters; both fresh water (lakes and streams) and in the marine salt water.

The table denotes species native to Sweden, as well as those introduced from a neighbouring country and those that are only occurred occasionally. In total there are approximate 140 species native and common in Sweden, and another 90 which are sporadical, not established or extinct. ^[1]

The IUCN Red List is set of certain criteria of the fish population status in Sweden. The following terminology is used: Extinct, Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Near Threatened, Least Concern, Disappeared, Data Deficient and Not Evaluated.

Contents 1 List 1.1 Aulopiformes 1.2 Acipenseriformes (Sturgeon-like fish) 1.3 Anguilliformes (Eel fish) 1.4 Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) 1.5 Beryciformes 1.6 Beloniformes 1.7 Batrachoidiformes 1.8 Chimaeriformes (Ghost sharks) 1.9 Clupeiformes (Herring-like fish) 1.10 Cypriniformes 1.11 Esociformes (pike fish) 1.12 Gadiformes (Cod-like fish) 1.13 Gasterosteiformes (Pipefish or Sticklebacks) 1.14 Lamniformes (Makerell sharks) 1.15 Myxiniformes 1.16 Lampriformes (Deep sea ray finned fish) 1.17 Myctophiformes 1.18 Lophiiformes 1.19 Mugiliformes 1.20 Osmeriformes 1.21 Perciformes (Perch-like fish) 1.22 Petromyzontiformes (Lampreys) 1.23 Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) 1.24 Scorpaeniformes 1.25 Rajiformes 1.26 Squaliformes (Dogsharks) 1.27 Salmoniformes (Salmon-like fish) 1.28 Stomiiformes (Dragon-like fish) 1.29 Siluriformes (Catfish) 1.30 Squatiniformes (Angel sharks) 1.31 Tetraodontiformes 1.32 Zeiformes 2 References 3 Resources 4 Literature

[edit] List

[edit] Aulopiformes

The Aulopiformes, or grinners, are marine fish, most of which live in deep-sea waters in the Atlantic. Only sporadically encountered in Swedish waters, e.g. the Magnisudis atlantica has to date been found eight times, the first in 1960 and the last in 1978.^[2]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Paralepididae (Barracudina)	Arctozenus risso	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Paralepididae	Magnisudis atlantica	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Acipenseriformes (Sturgeon-like fish)

The Acipenseriformes is an order of primitive ray-finned fishes that includes the sturgeons and paddlefishes. There have been occasional finds in Swedish waters. Some species, such as the Beluga sturgeon are heavily desired for its roe, or caviar.

Some species of sturgeons are known to have populated Swedish waters in the 19th century along the coast lines of the Baltic Sea and in some inland streams. The population has now probably disappeared, and the red list denotes it as disappeared (RE). Stuffed specimens are commons in museums. ^[3]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Acipenseridae	Acipenser baeri	Sturgeon	brackish water	Introduced; not established	Not Evaluated
Acipenseridae	Acipenser gueldenstaedti	N/A	brackish water	Introduced; not established	Not Evaluated
Acipenseridae	Acipenser ruthenus	N/A	Fresh water, brackish water	Introduced, not established	Not Evaluated
Acipenseridae	Acipenser oxyrinchus	N/A	Fresh, marine and brackish water	Sporadic, previously native and common	Disappeared (RE)
Acipenseridae	Huso huso	Beluga sturgeon	brackish water	Introduced?, not established	Not Evaluated

[edit] Anguilliformes (Eel fish)

The European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in Swedish waters has radically diminished in the latest decades, and is now listed as Critically Endangered. The population is estimations to be 1%-10% of that in the 1970s. Eels are sensitive of environmental pollution, but the fishing of eel have also increased, especially in French waters. As Eels migrate long distances, overfishing and pollution in one location may radically endanger the population and little is known of all possible causes for the diminishing population.^[4]

The eel is a popular dish, especially in southern Sweden, and is economically of importance with catches of around 1,000 tonnes (1,200 in 1983). It is prepared by being smoked. ^[4]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Anguillidae	Anguilla anguilla	European eel	Fresh, marine and brackish water	Native and common	Critically endangered (CR)
Congridae	Conger conger	European conger	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Nemichthyidae	Nemichthys scolopaceus	Slender snipe eel	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks)

The order Carcharhiniformes, or Ground sharks, are the largest order of sharks and include many well-known types such as the blue shark and the sandbar shark.

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Triakidae	Galeorhinus galeus	School Shark	Marine	Native and common	Vulnerable (VU)
Triakidae	Mustelus asterias	Starry smooth-hound	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Carcharhinidae	Carcharhinus longimanus	Oceanic whitetip shark	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Carcharhinidae	Prionace glauca	Blue shark	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Pentanchidae	Galeus melastomus	Blackmouth catshark	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Scyliorhinidae	Scyliorhinus canicula	Small-spotted catshark	Marine	Native and common	Data Deficiency (DD)
Scyliorhinidae	Scyliorhinus stellaris	Nursehound	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Beryciformes

The Beryciformes are an order of ray-finned fishes. They live solely in the marine, in deep-waters usually in tropical areas, and are only sporadically seen in Nordic waters.

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Berycidae	Beryx decadactylus	Alfonsino	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Beloniformes

The Beloniformes is an order of "horned" fishes. The most notable species here is the Garfish (Belone belone) which swims in large shoals during the summer along the coasts of south and west Sweden, and caught for food or sport. The total catch during 1983 was 44 tonnes. ^[5]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Belonidae	Belone belone	Garfish	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Scomberesocidae	Scomberesox saurus	Atlantic saury	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Batrachoidiformes

The order Batrachoidiformes, or toadfish, are a type of ray-finned fish normally found on the sand and mud bottoms of coastal waters worldwide. The only example of a fish from this order caught in Swedish water was a specimens of the Halobatrachus didactylus -- a fish native to the coasts of Africa -- caught by the shore of southern Sweden in 1820 (specimens preserved). ^[6]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Batrachoididae	Halobatrachus didactylus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Chimaeriformes (Ghost sharks)

The Chimaeriformes order is common in tropical waters. The only species found in Swedish water is the Chimaera monstrosa which is somewhat common in the westernmost waters of Sweden, the Skagerrak. This fish is unsuitable as a food fish, but its large liver is used to produce a lubricant.^[7]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Chimaeridae	Chimaera monstrosa	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Vulnerable (VU)

[edit] Clupeiformes (Herring-like fish)

Clupeiformes is the order of ray-finned fish that includes the herring family, Clupeidae, and the anchovy family, Engraulidae.

The herring is common around the coasts of Sweden where it is periodically the most commons fish -- the population in the shoals fluctuates greatly every year. The herring has been of historical importance for Swedish economy and indeed fod food since the Middle Ages. It is still today the economically most important Swedish fish. The total catch of herring in Swedish waters in 1996 was 132,153 tonnes, of which 74,293 tonnes became fish meal and 57,860 tonnes was sold to consumers. ^[8]

The herring is also an important part of the Swedish cuisine. It is served pickled both at Christmas and at Midsummer, and in northern Sweden the fermented herring is popular treat.

Shoals of anchovies are denoted as native and commons, but the anchovy is primarily native to southern Europe, and the shoals in Nordic waters varies between years. As such, fishing of it is not systematical.^[9]

A third economically important fish of this order is the European sprat (Sprattus sprattus). The total catch in Swedish waters in 1996 was 168,582 tonnes. It is often flavoured and put in cans labeled as anchovy, which is incorrect from a zoological point of view, but fairly accurate in terms of usage. This pickled "anchovy" is a main ingredient of the Swedish traditional dish Janssons frestelse.^[10]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Clupeidae (herrings)	Alosa alosa	Shad	Fresh, marine and brackish water	Native and common	Not Available (NA)
Clupeidae	Alosa fallax	N/A	Fresh, marine and brackish water	Native and common	Not Available (NA)
Clupeidae	Clupea harengus	Atlantic herring	Marine, brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Clupeidae	Sardina pilchardus	European pilchard (True sardin)	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Clupeidae	Sprattus sprattus	European sprat	Marine, brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Engraulididae (anchovies)	Engraulis encrasicolus	European anchovy	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated

[edit] Cypriniformes

The family Abramis ballerus consists of several type of Carp-like fishes, the most important being the Cyprinid -- the carps and minnows.

The Carp bream (Abramis ballerus), the largest of the breams, is of note in Swedish fresh waters. Once an important source of food (which is still the case in parts of Europe), it is today only of economical importance in Sweden's southern parts (Skåne, etc). However it is still common in other waters in Sweden, where it is a popular game fish.^[11]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Cyprinidae (Carps)	Abramis ballerus	Blue bream (Zope)	Fresh water	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)
Cyprinidae	Abramis bjoerkna	White bream	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Abramis brama	Carp bream	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Abramis vimba	Vimba	Fresh water	Native and common	Data deficiency (DD)
Cyprinidae	Alburnus alburnus	Bleak	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Aspius aspius	Asp	Fresh water	Native and common	Vulnerable (VU)
Cyprinidae	Carassius carassius	Crucian Carp	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Ctenopharyngodon idella	Grass Carp or White Amur	Fresh water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Cyprinus carpio	Common or European Carp	Fresh water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Gobio gobio	Gudgeon	Fresh water	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)
Cyprinidae	Hypophthalmichthys molitrix	Silver carp	Fresh water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Hypophthalmichthys nobilis	Bighead carp	Fresh water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Leucaspius delineatus	N/A	Fresh water	Native and common	Near threatened (NT)
Cyprinidae	Leuciscus idus	Ide or Orfe	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Leuciscus leuciscus	Common Dace	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Pelecus cultratus	N/A	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Available (NA)
Cyprinidae	Phoxinus phoxinus	Eurasian minnow	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Rutilus rutilus	Roach	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Scardinius erythrophthalmus	Rudd	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cyprinidae	Squalius cephalus	N/A	Fresh water	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)
Cyprinidae	Tinca tinca	Tench	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cobitidae	Cobitis taenia	Spined Loach	Fresh and brackish water	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)
Balitoridae	Barbatula barbatula	N/A	Fresh water	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)

[edit] Esociformes (pike fish)

There is only one fish of the Esox family in Europe: the Esox lucius, Epox, also known as northern Pike. This fish is commons in lakes in the whole of Sweden, with the exceptions of the northernmost regions where it is only sporadical.

Commercial fishing is practically non-existent. Most epox are caught by sport-fishers; it is the largest fish in fresh waters, with the official record weight (in Swedish fresh waters) being 19 kg.^[12]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Esocidae	Esox lucius	Epox	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated

[edit] Gadiformes (Cod-like fish)

That order of Gadiformes include many important food fish. For Sweden, the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua is in fact, together with the herring, the most important food fish. The cathes of cod in Swedish waters are conducted both west of Sweden in the Skagerrak and east in the Baltic Sea. Cod in the Baltic does not migrate to the Atlantic, and has even been considered belonging to a separate species: Gadus morhua callarias, but this view is generally abandoned today. ^[13]

The Baltic cod has been subjected to heavy fishing in the latest decades and is now endangered. Fishing stops have at times been called for, but the cod is of importance to many countries around the Baltic and is of such economical importance to a frigate of trawlers that a complete stop has not been carried through. ^[13]

The Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) is another important food fish of Gadiformes. It is, in Swedish view, less important than the cod as it does not populate the Baltic. Like the cod it has been subjected to tough fishing to a degree that has diminished the population. ^[14]

Burbot, the only fresh water fish of this order, is common in the whole of Sweden. It is the provincial fish of Västergötland in west Sweden.^[15]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Gadidae	Gadiculus argenteus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gadidae	Gadus morhua	Atlantic cod	Marine, brackish water	Native and common	Endangered (EN)
Gadidae	Melanogrammus aeglefinus	Haddock	Marine	Native and common	Near threatened (NT)
Gadidae	Merlangius merlangus	Whiting	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gadidae	Micromesistius poutassou	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gadidae	Pollachius pollachius	Pollock (Atlantic, or European)	Marine	Native and common	Endangered (EN)
Gadidae	Pollachius virens	Pollock (coalfish)	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gadidae	Trisopterus esmarkii	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gadidae	Trisopterus luscus	Bib or Pouting	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Gadidae	Trisopterus minutus	Poor cod	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Lotidae	Brosme brosme	Cusk	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Lotidae	Ciliata mustela	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)
Lotidae	Ciliata septentrionalis	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Lotidae	Enchelyopus cimbrius	Fourbeard rockling	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Lotidae	Gaidropsarus vulgaris	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Available (NA)
Lotidae	Lota lota	Burbot	Fresh water	Native and common	Endangered (EN)
Lotidae	Molva dypterygia	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Lotidae	Molva molva	Common ling	Marine	Native and common	Vulnerable (VU)
Macrouridae	Coryphaenoides rupestris	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Vulnerable (VU)
Macrouridae	Malacocephalus laevis	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Merlucciidae	Merluccius merluccius	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Phycidae	Phycis blennoides	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Ranicipitidae	Raniceps raninus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated

[edit] Gasterosteiformes (Pipefish or Sticklebacks)

The most notable families of the Gasterosteiformes order are the sticklebacks. On the northern hemisphere, the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is common in all oceans including the Swedish coasts, and in adjacent fresh water lakes and streams. It was once caught in large quantites to make fish oil; today it is still caught in some extent for the purpose of fish meal.^[16]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Macroramphosidae	Macroramphosus scolopax	Longspine snipefish	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Gasterosteidae	Gasterosteus aculeatus	Three-spined stickleback	Fresh, marine and brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gasterosteidae	Pungitius pungitius	N/A	Fresh, marine and brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gasterosteidae	Spinachia spinachia	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Syngnathidae	Entelurus aequoraeus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Syngnathidae	Nerophis lumbriciformis	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Syngnathidae	Nerophis ophidion	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Syngnathidae	Syngnathus acus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Syngnathidae	Syngnathus rostellatus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Syngnathidae	Syngnathus typhle	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated

[edit] Lamniformes (Makerell sharks)

The Lamniformes includes some of the most familiar species of sharks, such as the great white shark. For this list, the Basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) is of note, as it is the largest fish in Nordic water, occasionally encountered on the Swedish west coast (Västergötland). As the finds have become more sparse in recent years it is now listed as Endangered.

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Alopiidae	Alopias vulpinus	Long-tailed thresher shark	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Alopiidae	Cetorhinus maximus	Basking Shark	Marine	Sporadic	Endangered (EN)
Alopiidae	Lamna nasus	Porbeagle Shark	Marine	Native and common	Critically endangered (CR)

[edit] Myxiniformes

The Myxiniformes, or Hagfish, is a family of primitive eel-like fish. They live in marine waters, and in Swedish waters they are encountered west of Sweden in the Skagerrak and Kattegat. It lacks economical importance as it is not eaten.

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Myxinidae	Myxine glutinosa	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated

[edit] Lampriformes (Deep sea ray finned fish)

The Lampriformes is an order of primitive, often rope-like, fishes. Living in deep-sea in tropical and temperate waters, they are rarely encountered in Nordic waters.

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Lampridae (Opah)	Lampris guttatus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Regalecidae	Regalecus glesne	King of herrings	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Trachipteridae	Trachipterus arcticus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Myctophiformes

The order Myctophiformes, which includes the family Myctophidae, or lanternfishes, are deep-sea fish common on the southern hemisphere and only rarely caught in Swedish waters.

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Myctophidae (Lanternfish)	Notoscopelus kroyeri	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Lophiiformes

The Lophiiformes, or Angler Fish, are deep-water fish with big heads. Of these, the Angler or Sea-Devil (Lophius piscatorius) is common in Sweden in the waters west of Sweden in the Skagerrak and Kattegat. It is a tasty fish and therefore common in the fish dishes, usually with its head removed. The Swedish catch in 1983 was 26 tonnes. ^[17]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Lophiidae	Lophius piscatorius	Angler	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated

[edit] Mugiliformes

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Mugilidae (Mullets)	Chelon labrosus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Mugilidae	Liza aurata	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Mugilidae	Liza ramada	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Osmeriformes

The Osmeriformes order is generally encountered in the Atlantic Ocean as well as other oceans. A few species of the Argentinidae family extend their habitat to the Skagerrak where it is caught by Swedish ships. The catches are not food fish, but processed into fish meal. ^[18]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Argentinidae	Argentina silus	Greater Argentine	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Argentinidae	Argentina sphyraena	Argentina	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated

[edit] Perciformes (Perch-like fish)

The Perciformes include about 40% of all fish. The name Perciformes means perch-like.

One of the best known types is the Zander (gös in Swedish), commons and native in Sweden and indeed in most of Europe. It is a popular game fish because of its tastfulness. In Sweden it is common in all regions except the northernmost mountains and on the island Gotland, and it is the provincial fish of the province Västmanland. The Swedish record weight is 12.007 kg.^[19]

The arguably most popular fish in Swedish fresh water is the European perch, and the annual catch is around 2,000 tonnes. It is commons in the whole country -- with the exception of the mountain regions in the north -- and commonly encountered around the coast of the brackish Baltic Sea. ^[20]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Ammodytidae (Sand lance)	Ammodytes Marineus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Ammodytidae	Ammodytes tobianus	Lesser sand eel	Marine, brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Ammodytidae	Hyperoplus lanceolatus	Greater sand eel	Marine, brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Anarhichadidae	Anarhichas denticulatus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Anarhichadidae	Anarhichas lupus	Seawolf	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Anarhichadidae	Anarhichas minor	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Bramidae	Brama brama	Atlantic pomfret	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Bramidae	Pterycombus brama	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Callionymidae	Callionymus lyra	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Callionymidae	Callionymus maculatus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Caproidae	Capros aper	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Carangidae	Naucrates ductor	Pilot fish	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Carangidae	Trachinotus ovatus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Carangidae	Trachurus trachurus	Atlantic horse mackerel	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Centrarchidae	Micropterus dolomieu	Smallmouth brass	Fresh water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Centrarchidae	Micropterus salmoides	Largemouth brass	Fresh water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Centrolophidae	Centrolophus niger	Rudderfish	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Centrolophidae	Hyperoglyphe perciformis	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Centrolophidae	Schedophilus medusophagus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Gempylidae	Lepidopus caudatus	Silver scabbardfish	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Gempylidae	Nesiarchus nasutus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Gobiesocidae	Diplecogaster bimaculata	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Gobiidae	Aphia minuta	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gobiidae	Crystallogobius linearis	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gobiidae	Gobius niger	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gobiidae	Gobiusculus flavescens	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gobiidae	Lebetus scorpioides	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Data deficiency (DD)
Gobiidae	Lesueurigobius friesii	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Data deficiency (DD)
Gobiidae	Pomatoschistus microps	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gobiidae	Pomatoschistus minutus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gobiidae	Pomatoschistus norvegicus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gobiidae	Pomatoschistus pictus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Gobiidae	Thorogobius ephippiatus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Least concern (LC)
Labridae	Acantholabrus palloni	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Labridae	Centrolabrus exoletus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)
Labridae	Ctenolabrus rupestris	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Labridae	Labrus bergylta	Ballan wrasse	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Labridae	Labrus mixtus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Labridae	Symphodus melops	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Moronidae	Dicentrarchus labrax	European seabass	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Mullidae	Mullus surmuletus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Percidae	Gymnocephalus cernua	Ruffe	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Percidae	Perca fluviatilis	European perch	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Percidae	Sander lucioperca	Zander	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Pholididae	Pholis gunnellus	N/A	Marine, brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Polyprionidae	Polyprion americanus	Atlantic wreckfish	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Sciaenidae	Argyrosomus regius	Meagre	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Scombridae (Mackerell, tunas and bonitos)	Auxis randei	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Scombridae	Euthynnus alletteratus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Scombridae	Katsuwonus pelamis	Skipjack tuna	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Scombridae	Orcynopsis unicolor	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Scombridae	Sarda sarda	Atlantic bonito	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Scombridae	Scomber scombrus	Atlantic mackerel	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Scombridae	Thunnus thynnus	Bluefin Tuna	Marine	Sporadic, previously native and common	Not Evaluated
Sparidae	Boops boops	Bogue	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Sparidae	Oblada melanurus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Sparidae	Pagellus acarne	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Sparidae	Pagellus bogaraveo	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Sparidae	Pagellus erythrinus’’	N/A	Marine	(Sporadic)	Not Evaluated
Sparidae	Sparus aurata	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Sparidae	Spondyliosoma cantharus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Stichaeidae	Chirolophis ascanii	Yarrell's blenny	Marine	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)
Stichaeidae	Leptoclinus maculatus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Stichaeidae	Lumpenus lampretaeformis	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Trachinidae	Trachinus draco	Greater weever	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Xiphiidae	Xiphias gladius	Swordfish	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Zoarcidae	Lycenchelys sarsii	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Zoarcidae	Lycodes vahlii	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Zoarcidae	Zoarces viviparus	Viviparous Eelpout	Marine, brackish water	Native and common	Near threatened (NT)

[edit] Petromyzontiformes (Lampreys)

A lamprey is a jawless fish with a toothed, funnel-like sucking mouth, with which most species bore into the flesh of other fishes to suck their blood. In zoology, lampreys are not considered to be true fish because of their vastly different morphology and physiology.

In Sweden, the European river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis), living in fresh waters, is the most usual usage of the term lamprey. The Lampetra planeri is a closely related species living in small streams, possibly even the same species.

The lamprey is the provincial fish of Västerbotten in northern Sweden.

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Petromyzontidae	Lampetra fluviatilis	European river lamprey	Fresh water	Native and common	Near threatened (NT)
Petromyzontidae	Lampetra planeri	Brook lamprey	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Petromyzontidae	Petromyzon Marineus	Sea lamprey	Fresh water, marine	Native and common	Endangered (EN)

[edit] Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)

The family of flatfish are common as food fish.

Some notable speciments are the Turbot which is commons both on Sweden's east and west coasts. The Swedish catchings were as most 82 tonnes in the 1950s, but had decreasing to 10-20 tonnes by the 1980s. ^[21]

The Plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) is one of Sweden's most important food fish. It is commons around the shores on both the east and west coast. The catchings in 1983 were 540 tonnes. ^[22]

The Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) was also once a major food fish, but overfishing in recent decades has endangered the population in Swedish waters. ^[23] The fish was in Sweden eaten during the weekends when meat was prohibited, which explains the Swedish name "Helgeflundra", literally "Holy Flounder".^[24]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Bothidae (Left-eye flounders)	Arnoglossus laterna	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Scophthalmidae	Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Scophthalmidae	Phrynorhombus norvegicus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Scophthalmidae	Psetta maxima	Turbot	Marine	Native and common	Near threatened (NT)
Scophthalmidae	Scophthalmus rhombus	Brill	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Scophthalmidae	Zeugopterus punctatus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Pleuronectidae (Right-eye flounders)	Glyptocephalus cynoglossus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Pleuronectidae	Hippoglossoides platessoides	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Pleuronectidae	Hippoglossus hippoglossus	Atlantic halibut	Marine	Native and common	Endangered (EN)
Pleuronectidae	Microstomus kitt	Lemon sole	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Pleuronectidae	Platichthys flesus	N/A	Fresh, marine and brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Pleuronectidae	Pleuronectes limanda	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Pleuronectidae	Pleuronectes platessa	European plaice	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Soleidae	Buglossidium luteum	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Soleidae (Soles)	Solea solea	Sole	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated

[edit] Scorpaeniformes

The Scorpaeniformes are also known as mail-cheeked fishes due to their suborbital stay. Their head is armoured with bone plates. The families of this order are generally small, bottom living, and unsuited as food fish. As such, they lack commercial value.

An exception is the Sebastidae family, which contains appreciated food fish but as they are rare in Swedish waters they are not subjected to systematic fishing. ^[25]

Of the Triglidae family, most species are uncommon in Swedish waters, but the small Chelidonichthys gurnardus (25-30 cm) has in recent decades attracted attentions as a food fish. It is common in both the Skagerrak and Kattegat, and the total amount of fish caught in 1983 was 9 tonnes. ^[26]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Agonidae	Agonus cataphractus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cottidae	Artediellus atlanticus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cottidae	Cottus gobio	Bullhead	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cottidae	Cottus koshewnikowi	N/A	Fresh water	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)
Cottidae	Cottus poecilopus	N/A	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cottidae	Icelus bicornis	Twohorn sculpin	Marine	Native and common	Not Available (NA)
Cottidae	Micrenophrys lilljeborgii	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Data deficiency (DD)
Cottidae	Myoxocephalus scorpius	N/A	Marine, brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cottidae	Taurulus bubalis	N/A	Marine, brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cottidae	Triglops murrayi	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Cottidae	Triglopsis quadricornis	N/A	Fresh water, brackish water	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)
Cyclopteridae	Cyclopterus lumpus	Lumpsucker	Marine, brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cyclopteridae	Liparis liparis	N/A	Marine, brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Cyclopteridae	Liparis montagui	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Triglidae	Chelidonichthys cuculus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Triglidae	Chelidonichthys gurnardus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Triglidae	Chelidonichthys lastoviza	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Triglidae	Chelidonichthys lucerna	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Triglidae	Trigla lyra	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Sebastidae	Helicolenus dactylopterus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Sebastidae	Sebastes norvegicus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Sebastidae	Sebastes viviparus	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Near threatened (NT)

[edit] Rajiformes

The family of Rajiformes include ten families of ray-like fishes such as skates and stingrays.

Of the Rajiformes, three species are common in Nordic waters. The largest is the Blue skate, which is commons in the Skagerrak and Kattegatt west of Sweden but otherwise only sporadic. It is together with the Thumback ray (Raja clavata) the only cartilaginous fish of economical importance in Sweden. ^[27]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Rajidae (skate)	Amblyraja radiata	N/A	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Rajidae	Dipturus batis	Blue skate	Marine	Native and common	Critically endangered (CR)
Rajidae	Dipturus linteus	N/A	Marine	Not confirmed	Not Evaluated
Rajidae	Dipturus nidarosiensis	N/A	Marine	Not confirmed	Not Evaluated
Rajidae	Dipturus oxyrinchus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Rajidae	Leucoraja fullonica	N/A	Marine	Not confirmed	Not Evaluated
Rajidae	Leucoraja naevus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Rajidae	Raja clavata	Thumback ray	Marine	Native and common	Vulnerable (VU)
Dasyatididae	Dasyatis pastinaca	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Myliobatidae (Eagle rays)	Myliobatis aquila	Common eagle ray	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Squaliformes (Dogsharks)

Squaliformes is an order of sharks that includes the smooth dogfish and spiny dogfish. The most notable species here is the Greenland Shark, Somniosus microcephalus, the second largest fish in Swedish waters.

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Etmopteridae	Etmopterus spinax	Velvet belly	Marine	Native and common	Vulnerable (VU)
Somniosidae	Somniosus microcephalus	Greenland shark	Marine	Native and common	Data Deficiency (DD)
Squalidae	Squalus acanthias	Piked dogfish	Marine	Native and common	Endangered (EN)

[edit] Salmoniformes (Salmon-like fish)

The Salmoniformes, salmon fish, are of important both as food fish but also as for sport fishers. For sport fishers, the salmon has the foremost position due to its strength and size. In popularity, it is followed by the Brown trout (Salmo trutta)

Salmons are usually native to the marine, but a notable exception is the lake population in lake Vänern. As the salmon requires access to its native birth places through the streams, it is sensitive for power stations and other modifications of the streams. As a result, the salmon population has become extinct in some areas, but by putting out fish the population has been upheld. However, the artificial cultivation of salmon has also led to the negative side effects of diceases that have further threatened the salmon population.^[28]

The Brown Trout is conveniently divided into three species: Marine, Lake, and Stream Trouts. It was previously thought that the three species were genetically different, but recent studies are now more in favour of attributing the differences to environmental differences. The marine population is endangered for the same reasons as the salmon, but in fresh water it is still common. ^[29]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Osmeridae	Mallotus villosus	Capelin	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Osmeridae	Osmerus eperlanus	N/A	Fresh, brackish, marine waters	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Osmeridae	Osmerus eperlanus	European smelt	Fresh, brackish water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Coregonidae	Coregonus albula	Vendace	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Coregonidae	Coregonus maraena	N/A	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Coregonidae	Coregonus maxillaris	N/A	Fresh water	Native only in Sweden; common	Not Evaluated
Coregonidae	Coregonus megalops	Lacustrine fluvial whitefish	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Coregonidae	Coregonus nilssoni	N/A	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Coregonidae	Coregonus pallasii	N/A	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Coregonidae	Coregonus peled	Peled	Fresh water	Native and common; potential pest	Critically endangered (CR)
Coregonidae	Coregonus trybomi	N/A	Fresh water	Native and common	Critically endangered (CR)
Coregonidae	Coregonus widegreni	Valaam whitefish	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Salmonidae	Hucho hucho	Huchen	Fresh water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Salmonidae	Oncorhynchus clarki	Cutthroat trout	Fresh water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Salmonidae	Oncorhynchus gorbuscha	Pink salmon	Fresh and brackish water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Salmonidae	Oncorhynchus kisutch	Coho salmon	Fresh and brackish water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Salmonidae	Oncorhynchus mykiss	Rainbow trout	Fresh and brackish water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Salmonidae	Oncorhynchus nerka	Sockeye salmon	Fresh water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Salmonidae	Salmo salar	Atlantic salmon	Fresh, marine and brackish water	Native and common	Least Concern (LC), locally Endangered (EN)
Salmonidae	Salmo trutta	Brown trout	Fresh, marine and brackish water	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)
Salmonidae	Salvelinus alpinus	Arctic char	Fresh water	Native and common	Not Evaluated
Salmonidae	Salvelinus fontinalis	Brook trout	Fresh water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Salmonidae	Salvelinus namaycush	Lake trout	Fresh water	Introduced	Not Evaluated
Salmonidae	Salvelinus umbla	N/A	Fresh water	Native and common	Least Concern (LC), locally Endangered (EN)
Salmonidae	Thymallus thymallus	Greyling	Fresh water	Native and common	Least Concern (LC)

[edit] Stomiiformes (Dragon-like fish)

Fish of this order are deep-sea ray-finned fishes of very diverse morphology, including dragonfishes, lightfishes, marine hatchetfishes and viperfishes . Primarily residing in temperate waters they are uncommon in Swedish waters.

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Sternoptychidae	Argyropelecus olfersii	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Sternoptychidae	Maurolicus muelleri	Pearlsides	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Siluriformes (Catfish)

Siluriformes, or Catfish, are a diverse order of fish distinguished by prominent "barbels", which give the image of cat-like whiskers.

In Swedish waters, the only species of this order is the Wels catfish (Siluris glanis). This very large fresh water fish is common in large part of Europe and was previously prominent in many fresh waters of Sweden. Today its habitats is only confirmed in the streams Helgeån, Emån and Båven.

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Siluridae	Silurus glanis	Wels catfish	Fresh water	Native and common	Critically endangered (CR)

[edit] Squatiniformes (Angel sharks)

The order of angel sharks are uncommon in Nordic waters. A sporadic visitor is however the Angelshark (Squatina squatina), encountered on a few occasions between 1875 and 1961. ^[30]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Squatinidae	Squatina squatina	Angelshark	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Tetraodontiformes

Tetraodontiformes are ray-finned fish, most of which are marine and dwell around tropical coral reefs. As such, they are only rarely encountered in Nordic waters. The large Sunfish (Mola mola) has however in recent decades been seen with more regularly in Swedish waters, almost on a yearly basis. ^[31]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Balistidae	Balistes capriscus	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Balistidae	Canthidermis maculata	N/A	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated
Molidae	Mola mola	Ocean Sunfish	Marine	Sporadic	Not Evaluated

[edit] Zeiformes

The order of Zeiformes are most known for the dories. Generally not native in Nordic waters, but the John Dory (Zeus faber) became an occasional visitor around Swedish coasts by the late 19th century, and has in the latest decades been seen with annual regularity, although not in such quantities that systematical fishing of it is conducted. The fish is otherwise an attractive food fish in southern Europe and other parts of the world.^[32]

Family	Scientific name	English name	Habitat	Occurrence	Red List status
Zeidae	Zeus faber	John dory	Marine	Native and common	Not Evaluated

[edit] References

1. ^ Kullander
2. ^ (Swedish)"Laxtobis" -- The Swedish Fish Database
3. ^ (Swedish) "Stör" Website of Kent Andersson, Göteborg, Sweden, 2002. Accessed in June, 2006
4. ^ ^{a b} (Swedish) "Europeisk ål"
5. ^ (Swedish)"Horngädda" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
6. ^ (Swedish) "Paddfisk" -- Swedish Fish Database
7. ^ (Swedish) "Havsmus" -- Swedish Fish Database
8. ^ (Swedish) "Sill" -- Swedish Fish Database
9. ^ (Swedish) "Ansjovis" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
10. ^ (Swedish) "Skarpsill"
11. ^ (Swedish)"Brax" From the Swedish Fish Database
12. ^ "Officiella sportfiskerekord i sötvatten", see link below
13. ^ ^{a b} (Swedish) "Torks"
14. ^ (Swedish) "Kolja"
15. ^ (Swedish) "Lake" -- Swedish Fish Database
16. ^ (Swedish) "Storspigg" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
17. ^ (Swedish)"Marulk" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
18. ^ (Swedish) "Guldlax" (Argentina silus) -- The Swedish Fish Database
19. ^ Swedish sportfishing, see link below
20. ^ (Swedish) "Abborre" -- Swedish Fish Database website
21. ^ (Swedish)"Piggvar" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
22. ^ (Swedish)"Rödspätta" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
23. ^ (Swedish)"Helgeflundra" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
24. ^ (Swedish)Nordisk familjebok, Owl Edition, article Helgeflundra
25. ^ (Swedish)"Mindre Kungsfisk" -- Swedish Fish Database
26. ^ (Swedish) "Knot" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
27. ^ (Swedish)"Slätrocka" -- The Swedish Fish Database
28. ^ (Swedish)"Lax, Atlantisk" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
29. ^ (Swedish)"Öring" -- From the Swedish Fish Database
30. ^ (Swedish) "Havsängel"
31. ^ (Swedish) "Klumpfisk"
32. ^ (Swedish) "Sankt Pers fisk" -- The Swedish Fish Database

[edit] Resources

• Kullander, S.O. 2002. Svenska fiskar: Förteckning över svenska fiskar. World Wide Web elektronisk publikation; Naturhistoriska riksmuseet. http://www2.nrm.se/ve/pisces/allfish.shtml.se
• English/Latin names of fishes
• Swedish Sportfishers: "Sportfishing official records in fresh waters -- "Officiella rekord i svenska sötvatten

[edit] Literature

• Gärdenfors, U. (red). 2005. Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2005. The 2005 Red List of Swedish species. Artdatabanken, Uppsala, 496 pp.
• Fries, B. Fr., C. U. Ekström & C. J. Sundewall. 1836-1857. Skandinaviens Fiskar. P.A. Norstedt & Söner, Stockholm, IV+222 ss. Appendix 1-44, 1-140, pl. 1-60.
• Kottelat, M. 1997. European freshwater fishes. An heuristic checklist of the freshwater fishes of Europe (exclusive of former USSR), with an introduction for non-systematists and comments on nomenclature and conservation. Biologia, Zool., 52, suppl. 5: 1-271.