List of Soviet and Russian submarine classes

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Submarines in the Soviet Navy were developed by numbered "projects," which were sometimes but not always given names. During the Cold War, NATO nations referred to these classes by NATO reporting names, based on intelligence data, which did not always correspond perfectly with the projects. See:

• List of NATO reporting names for ballistic missile submarines
• List of NATO reporting names for guided missile submarines
• List of NATO reporting names for hunter-killer and experimental submarines

The NATO reporting names were based on the British (and later American) habit of naming submarines with a letter of the alphabet indicating the class, followed by a serial number of that class. The names are the radiotelephonic alphabet call sign of a letter of the alphabet. For security purposes, the "pennant numbers" of Soviet submarines were not sequential, any more than those of Soviet surface vessels were.

Most Russian (and Soviet) submarines had no "personal" name, but were only known by a number, prefixed by letters identifying the boat's type at a higher level than her class. Those letters included:

• К (K) — крейсерская (kreyserskaya, "cruiser")
• ТК (TK) — тяжелая крейсерская (tyazholaya kreyserskaya, "heavy cruiser")
• Б (B) — большая (bolshaya, "large")
• С (S) — средняя (srednyaja, "medium")
• М (M) — малая (malaya, "small")

Any of those prefixes could have С (S) added to the end, standing for специальная (spetsialnaya) and meaning "designed for special missions."

Contents 1 Diesel-electric 1.1 World War 1 Era 1.2 World War 2 Era 1.3 Post War Attack submarines 1.4 Guided missile submarines 1.5 Ballistic missile submarines 1.6 Auxiliary submarines 2 Nuclear-powered 2.1 Attack submarines 2.1.1 First generation 2.1.2 Second generation 2.1.3 Third generation 2.1.4 Fourth generation 2.2 Guided missile submarines 2.2.1 First generation 2.2.2 Second generation 2.2.3 Third generation 2.2.4 Fourth generation 2.3 Ballistic missile submarines 2.3.1 First generation 2.3.2 Second generation 2.3.3 Third generation 2.3.4 Fourth generation 2.4 Auxiliary submarines 3 Footnotes 4 External links

[edit] Diesel-electric

[edit] World War 1 Era

• Krab
• Amerikansky Golland (Holland 602GF/602L type)
• Bars class submarine (1915)

[edit] World War 2 Era

• Dekabrist class submarine
• Leninets class submarine
• Shchuka class submarine
• Pravda class submarine
• Soviet S class submarine
• Malyutka class submarine
• K class submarine (Soviet)

[edit] Post War Attack submarines

Project	NATO reporting name
611, AB611	Zulu
613	Whiskey
615	Quebec
633	Romeo
641	Foxtrot
641Б Cом (Som, catfish)	Tango
690 Кефаль (Kefal', mullet)	Bravo
877, 877Э, 877ЭКМ, 877В, 877ЛПМБ, 877ЭК Paltus (turbot)	Kilo
636, 636М	Improved Kilo
677 Лада (Lada, harmony)
1650 Амур (the Amur river)
865 Пиранья (Piran'ya, piranha)	Losos

[edit] Guided missile submarines

Project	NATO reporting name
P613	Whiskey Single Cylinder
644	Whiskey Twin Cylinder
665	Whiskey Long Bin
651	Juliett

[edit] Ballistic missile submarines

Project	NATO reporting name
629, 609, 601, 605, 619; in service: 1958–1990	Golf

[edit] Auxiliary submarines

Project	NATO reporting name
940 Ленок (Lenok, salmon)	India
1710 Макрель (Makrel', mackerel)	Belouga
1840	Lima
See also "Project 20120" below.

[edit] Nuclear-powered

[edit] Attack submarines

[edit] First generation

Project	NATO reporting name
627 Кит, 645 Кит-ЖМТ (Kit, whale)	November

[edit] Second generation

Project	NATO reporting name
671, 671B, 671K, 671R Ёрш (Yorsh, Ruffe)	Victor I
671RT	Victor II
671RTM Щука (Shchuka, pike)	Victor III

[edit] Third generation

Project	NATO reporting name
705, 705K Лира (Lyra, the constellation)	Alfa
945 Барракуда (Barrakuda, barracuda)	Sierra I
945A Кондор (Kondor, condor)	Sierra II
685 Плавник (Plavnik, fin)	Mike

[edit] Fourth generation

Project	NATO reporting name
971 Shchuka-B (pike)	Akula

[edit] Guided missile submarines

[edit] First generation

Project	NATO reporting name
659	Echo I
675	Echo II

[edit] Second generation

Project	NATO reporting name
661 Анчар (Anchar, upas)	Papa
667AT Груша (Grusha, pear)	Yankee Notch
667M Андромеда (Andromeda, the constellation)	Yankee Sidecar
670 Скат (Skat, ray)	Charlie I
670M Скат-М (Skat-M, ray)	Charlie II
06704 Чайка-Б (Chaika-B, seagull)	Charlie

[edit] Third generation

Project	NATO reporting name
949 Гранит (Granit, granite)	Oscar I
949A Антей (Antey, Antaeus)	Oscar II

[edit] Fourth generation

Project	NATO reporting name
885 Yasen (Ash)	Graney

[edit] Ballistic missile submarines

[edit] First generation

Project	NATO reporting name
658, 701	Hotel

[edit] Second generation

Project	NATO reporting name
667A Навага, 667AУ Налим (Navaga; Nalim, burbot)	Yankee I
667AM Навага-М (Navaga-M)	Yankee II
Delta class, comprising:
667Б Мурена (Murena, eel)	Delta I
667БД Мурена-М (Murena-M, eel)	Delta II
667БДР Кальмар (Kal'mar, squid)	Delta III
667БДРМ Дельфин (Del'fin, dolphin)	Delta IV

[edit] Third generation

Project	NATO reporting name
941 Akula; in service 1981 - present	Typhoon

[edit] Fourth generation

Project	NATO reporting name
955 Борей (Borei);in development	Borei

[edit] Auxiliary submarines

Project	NATO reporting name
1910 Кашалот (Kashalot, cachalot)	Uniform
885 Ясень (Yasen, ash)	Graney
977.4 Аксон (Akson)	Yankee Pod
978	Yankee Stretch
20120 (Kalitika or "Sargan-mod"?); in development? Unconfirmed.[1]

[edit] Footnotes

1. ^ It is not resolved whether this is a diesel-electric or a nuclear-powered vessel. See Kommersant, 2007-SEP-12: Submarine: Military Secret Shows Up on the Internet. Retrieved 2007-SEP-12.

[edit] External links

• Bellona