List of Seinfeld episodes

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Seinfeld the complete series DVD boxset. This contains all 180 episodes from all nine seasons on 32 DVDs.
Seinfeld the complete series DVD boxset. This contains all 180 episodes from all nine seasons on 32 DVDs.

This is an episode list of the American sitcom Seinfeld, created by Jerry Seinfeld and Larry David. Seinfeld was a "show about nothing",[1] similar to the self-parodying "show within a show" of fourth season episodes "The Pilot, Part 1" and "Part 2". Jerry Seinfeld was the lead character and played as a fictionalized version of himself. Set predominantly in an apartment block on New York City's Upper West Side, the show features a host of Jerry's friends and acquaintances, which include George Costanza, Elaine Benes and Cosmo Kramer, who are portrayed by Jason Alexander, Julia Louis-Dreyfus and Michael Richards, respectively.[2]

The series debuted on July 5, 1989 on the NBC Network as The Seinfeld Chronicles.[3] The pilot episode met with poor reviews, as a result, NBC passed on the show. However, NBC executive Rick Ludwin believed the series had potential. He therefore gave Seinfeld a budget to create four more episodes, which formed the rest of season 1 which began airing on May 31, 1990.[4][5] The first season is considered the smallest sitcom order in television history.[6] During its nine-year run, 180 episodes of Seinfeld were produced. The count includes both halves of three one-hour episodes, including the finale, and two retrospective episodes, each split into two parts: "The Highlights of 100", covering the first 100 episodes; and "The Clip Show", also known as "The Chronicle", which aired before the series finale. On November 25, 2004, a special titled The Seinfeld Story was broadcast. This marked the first appearance of Seinfeld on NBC since its series finale in 1998.[7] All nine seasons are available on DVD and as of 2008, the show is still rerun regularly in syndication.[8] The final episode aired on May 14, 1998.[5]

This list is arranged in the order the episodes were broadcast.

Contents

[edit] Seasons

Season Episodes Prod.
line
Originally aired Seinfeld DVD releases
Region 1 Region 2 Region 4 Discs
1 5 1xx 19891990 November 23, 2004[9] November 1, 2004[10] October 18, 2004[11] 4
2 12 2xx 1991
3 23 3xx 19911992 November 23, 2004[9] November 1, 2004[12] October 18, 2004[13] 4
4 24 4xx 19921993 May 17, 2005[9] November 1, 2004[14] May 24, 2005[15] 4
5 22 5xx 19931994 November 22, 2005[9] June 13, 2005[16] November 21, 2005[17] 4
6 24 6xx 19941995 November 22, 2005[9] November 28, 2005[18] November 21, 2005[19] 4
7 24 7xx 19951996 November 21, 2006[9] November 20, 2006[20] November 8, 2006[21] 4
8 22 8xx 19961997 June 5, 2007[9] June 3, 2007[22] June 13, 2007[23] 4
9 24 9xx 19971998 November 6, 2007[9] November 19, 2007[24] October 24, 2007[25] 4

[edit] Season 1: 1989–90

Main article: Seinfeld (season 1)
# Title Director Writer(s) Original AirDate[5] Production Code[26]
1 "The Seinfeld Chronicles"  Art Wolff Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld July 5, 1989 101
2 "The Stakeout"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld May 31, 1990 103
3 "The Robbery"  Tom Cherones Matt Goldman June 7, 1990 104
4 "Male Unbonding"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld June 14, 1990 102
5 "The Stock Tip"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld June 21, 1990 105

[edit] Season 2: 1991

Main article: Seinfeld (season 2)
# Title Director Writer(s) Original AirDate[5] Production Code[26]
6 "The Ex-Girlfriend"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld January 23, 1991 201
7 "The Pony Remark"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld January 30, 1991 202
8 "The Jacket"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld February 6, 1991 205
9 "The Phone Message"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld February 13, 1991 207
10 "The Apartment"  Tom Cherones Peter Mehlman April 4, 1991 208
11 "The Statue"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles April 11, 1991 210
12 "The Revenge"  Tom Cherones Larry David April 18, 1991 212
13 "The Heart Attack"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles April 25, 1991 211
14 "The Deal"  Tom Cherones Larry David May 2, 1991 213
15 "The Baby Shower"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles May 16, 1991 204
16 "The Chinese Restaurant"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld May 23, 1991 206
17 "The Busboy"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld June 26, 1991 203

[edit] Season 3: 1991–92

Main article: Seinfeld (season 3)
# Title Director Writer(s) Original AirDate[5] Production Code[26]
18 "The Note"  Tom Cherones Larry David September 18, 1991 301
19 "The Truth"  David Steinberg Elaine Pope September 25, 1991 302
20 "The Pen"  Tom Cherones Larry David October 2, 1991 305
21 "The Dog"  Tom Cherones Larry David October 9, 1991 303
22 "The Library"  Joshua White Larry Charles October 16, 1991 304
23 "The Parking Garage"  Tom Cherones Larry David October 30, 1991 306
24 "The Cafe"  Tom Cherones Tom Leopold November 6, 1991 307
25 "The Tape"  David Steinberg Larry David & Bob Shaw & Don McEnery November 13, 1991 308
26 "The Nose Job"  Tom Cherones Peter Mehlman November 20, 1991 309
27 "The Stranded"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld and Matt Goldman November 27, 1991 209[27]
28 "The Alternate Side"  Tom Cherones Larry David and Bill Masters December 4, 1991 310
29 "The Red Dot"  Tom Cherones Larry David December 11, 1991 311
30 "The Subway"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles January 8, 1992 313
31 "The Pez Dispenser"  Tom Cherones Larry David January 15, 1992 314
32 "The Suicide"  Tom Cherones Tom Leopold January 29, 1992 312
33 "The Fix-Up"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles & Elaine Pope February 5, 1992 317
34 "The Boyfriend, Part 1"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Larry Levin February 12, 1992 315
35 "The Boyfriend, Part 2"  Tom Cherones Larry David and Larry Levin February 12, 1992 316
36 "The Limo"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles February 26, 1992 318
37 "The Good Samaritan"  Jason Alexander Peter Mehlman March 4, 1992 319
38 "The Letter"  Tom Cherones Larry David March 25, 1992 320
39 "The Parking Space"  Tom Cherones Larry David and Greg Daniels April 22, 1992 322
40 "The Keys"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles May 6, 1992 321

[edit] Season 4: 1992–93

Main article: Seinfeld (season 4)
# Title Director Writer(s) Original AirDate[5] Production Code[26]
41 "The Trip, Part 1"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles August 12, 1992 401
42 "The Trip, Part 2"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles August 19, 1992 402
43 "The Pitch"  Tom Cherones Larry David September 16, 1992 403
44 "The Ticket"  Tom Cherones Larry David September 16, 1992 404
45 "The Wallet"  Tom Cherones Larry David September 23, 1992 405
46 "The Watch"  Tom Cherones Larry David September 30, 1992 406
47 "The Bubble Boy"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Larry Charles October 7, 1992 407
48 "The Cheever Letters"  Tom Cherones Larry David October 28, 1992 408
49 "The Opera"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles November 4, 1992 409
50 "The Virgin"  Tom Cherones Peter Mehlman November 11, 1992 410
51 "The Contest"  Tom Cherones Larry David November 18, 1992 411
52 "The Airport"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles November 25, 1992 412
53 "The Pick"  Tom Cherones Larry David December 16, 1992 413
54 "The Movie"  Tom Cherones Steve Skrovan & Bill Masters and John Hayman January 6, 1993 415
55 "The Visa"  Tom Cherones Peter Mehlman January 27, 1993 414
56 "The Shoes"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld February 4, 1993 417
57 "The Outing"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles February 11, 1993 416
58 "The Old Man"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles February 18, 1993 418
59 "The Implant"  Tom Cherones Peter Mehlman February 25, 1993 419
60 "The Junior Mint"  Tom Cherones Andy Robin March 18, 1993 421
61 "The Smelly Car"  Tom Cherones Larry David and Peter Mehlman April 15, 1993 422
62 "The Handicap Spot"  Tom Cherones Larry David May 13, 1993 420
63 "The Pilot, Part 1"  Tom Cherones Larry David May 20, 1993 423
64 "The Pilot, Part 2"  Tom Cherones Larry David May 20, 1993 424

[edit] Season 5: 1993–94

Main article: Seinfeld (season 5)
# Title Director Writer(s) Original AirDate[5] Production Code[26]
65 "The Mango"  Tom Cherones Buck Dancer and Lawrence H. Levy September 16, 1993 501
66 "The Puffy Shirt"  Tom Cherones Larry David September 23, 1993 503
67 "The Glasses"  Tom Cherones Tom Gammill & Max Pross September 30, 1993 502
68 "The Sniffing Accountant"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld October 7, 1993 504
69 "The Bris"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles October 14, 1993 505
70 "The Lip Reader"  Tom Cherones Carol Leifer October 28, 1993 506
71 "The Non-Fat Yogurt"  Tom Cherones Larry David November 4, 1993 508
72 "The Barber"  Tom Cherones Andy Robin November 11, 1993 507
73 "The Masseuse"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles November 18, 1993 509
74 "The Cigar Store Indian"  Tom Cherones Tom Gammill & Max Pross December 9, 1993 510
75 "The Conversion"  Tom Cherones Bruce Kirschbaum December 16, 1993 511
76 "The Stall"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles January 6, 1994 512
77 "The Dinner Party"  Tom Cherones Larry David February 3, 1994 514
78 "The Marine Biologist"  Tom Cherones Ron Hauge & Charlie Rubin February 10, 1994 513
79 "The Pie"  Tom Cherones Tom Gammill & Max Pross February 17, 1994 515
80 "The Stand In"  Tom Cherones Larry David February 24, 1994 516
81 "The Wife"  Tom Cherones Peter Mehlman March 17, 1994 517
82 "The Raincoats, Part 1"  Tom Cherones Tom Gammill & Max Pross and Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld April 28, 1994 519
83 "The Raincoats, Part 2"  Tom Cherones Tom Gammill & Max Pross and Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld April 28, 1994 520
84 "The Fire"  Tom Cherones Larry Charles May 5, 1994 518
85 "The Hamptons"  Tom Cherones Peter Mehlman and Carol Leifer May 12, 1994 522
86 "The Opposite"  Tom Cherones Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld & Andy Cowan May 19, 1994 521

[edit] Season 6: 1994–95

Main article: Seinfeld (season 6)
# Title Director Writer(s) Original AirDate[5] Production Code[26]
87 "The Chaperone"  Andy Ackerman Larry David and Bill Masters & Bob Shaw September 22, 1994 601
88 "The Big Salad"  Andy Ackerman Larry David September 29, 1994 602
89 "The Pledge Drive"  Andy Ackerman Tom Gammill & Max Pross October 6, 1994 603
90 "The Chinese Woman"  Andy Ackerman Peter Mehlman October 13, 1994 604
91 "The Couch"  Andy Ackerman Larry David October 27, 1994 605
92 "The Gymnast"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer November 3, 1994 606
93 "The Soup"  Andy Ackerman Fred Stoller November 10, 1994 608
94 "The Mom & Pop Store"  Andy Ackerman Tom Gammill & Max Pross November 17, 1994 607
95 "The Secretary"  David Owen Trainor Carol Leifer and Marjorie Gross December 8, 1994 609
96 "The Race"  Andy Ackerman Tom Gammill & Max Pross and Larry David & Sam Kass December 15, 1994 612
97 "The Switch"  Andy Ackerman Bruce Kirschbaum and Sam Kass January 5, 1995 610
98 "The Label Maker"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer January 19, 1995 611
99 "The Scofflaw"  Andy Ackerman Peter Mehlman January 26, 1995 613
100 "The Highlights of 100, Part 1"  Andy Ackerman Peter Mehlman February 2, 1995 623
101 "The Highlights of 100, Part 2"  Andy Ackerman Peter Mehlman February 2, 1995 624
102 "The Beard"  Andy Ackerman Carol Leifer February 9, 1995 615
103 "The Kiss Hello"  Andy Ackerman Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld February 16, 1995 614
104 "The Doorman"  Andy Ackerman Tom Gammill & Max Pross February 23, 1995 616
105 "The Jimmy"  Andy Ackerman Gregg Kavet & Andy Robin March 16, 1995 617
106 "The Doodle"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer April 6, 1995 618
107 "The Fusilli Jerry"  Andy Ackerman Marjorie Gross April 27, 1995 619
108 "The Diplomat's Club"  Andy Ackerman Tom Gammill & Max Pross May 4, 1995 620
109 "The Face Painter"  Andy Ackerman Larry David & Fred Stoller May 11, 1995 622
110 "The Understudy"  Andy Ackerman Marjorie Gross & Carol Leifer May 18, 1995 621

[edit] Season 7: 1995–96

Main article: Seinfeld (season 7)
# Title Director Writer(s) Original AirDate[5] Production Code[26]
111 "The Engagement"  Andy Ackerman Larry David September 21, 1995 701
112 "The Postponement"  Andy Ackerman Larry David September 28, 1995 702
113 "The Maestro"  Andy Ackerman Larry David October 6, 1995 703
114 "The Wink"  Andy Ackerman Tom Gammill & Max Pross October 12, 1995 704
115 "The Hot Tub"  Andy Ackerman Gregg Kavet & Andy Robin October 26, 1995 705
116 "The Soup Nazi"  Andy Ackerman Spike Feresten November 2, 1995 706
117 "The Secret Code"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer November 9, 1995 707
118 "The Pool Guy"  Andy Ackerman David Mandel November 16, 1995 708
119 "The Sponge"  Andy Ackerman Peter Mehlman December 7, 1995 709
120 "The Gum"  Andy Ackerman Tom Gammill & Max Pross December 14, 1995 710
121 "The Rye"  Andy Ackerman Carol Leifer January 4, 1996 711
122 "The Caddy"  Andy Ackerman Gregg Kavet & Andy Robin January 25, 1996 712
123 "The Seven"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer February 1, 1996 713
124 "The Cadillac, Part 1"  Andy Ackerman Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld February 8, 1996 714
125 "The Cadillac, Part 2"  Andy Ackerman Larry David & Jerry Seinfeld February 8, 1996 717
126 "The Shower Head"  Andy Ackerman Peter Mehlman & Marjorie Gross February 15, 1996 715
127 "The Doll"  Andy Ackerman Tom Gammill & Max Pross February 22, 1996 716
128 "The Friars Club"  Andy Ackerman David Mandel March 7, 1996 718
129 "The Wig Master"  Andy Ackerman Spike Feresten March 16, 1996 719
130 "The Calzone"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer April 25, 1996 720
131 "The Bottle Deposit, Part 1"  Andy Ackerman Gregg Kavet & Andy Robin May 2, 1996 721
132 "The Bottle Deposit, Part 2"  Andy Ackerman Gregg Kavet & Andy Robin May 2, 1996 722
133 "The Wait Out"  Andy Ackerman Peter Mehlman May 9, 1996 723
134 "The Invitations"  Andy Ackerman Larry David May 16, 1996 724

[edit] Season 8: 1996–97

Main article: Seinfeld (season 8)
# Title Director Writer(s) Original AirDate[5] Production Code[26]
135 "The Foundation"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer September 19, 1996 801
136 "The Soul Mate"  Andy Ackerman Peter Mehlman September 26, 1996 802
137 "The Bizarro Jerry"  Andy Ackerman David Mandel October 3, 1996 803
138 "The Little Kicks"  Andy Ackerman Spike Feresten October 10, 1996 804
139 "The Package"  Andy Ackerman Jennifer Crittenden October 17, 1996 805
140 "The Fatigues"  Andy Ackerman Gregg Kavet & Andy Robin October 31, 1996 806
141 "The Checks"  Andy Ackerman Steve O'Donnell and Tom Gammill & Max Pross November 7, 1996 807
142 "The Chicken Roaster"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer November 14, 1996 808
143 "The Abstinence"  Andy Ackerman David Mandel November 21, 1996 809
144 "The Andrea Doria"  Andy Ackerman Spike Feresten December 19, 1996 810
145 "The Little Jerry"  Andy Ackerman Jennifer Crittenden January 9, 1997 811
146 "The Money"  Andy Ackerman Peter Mehlman January 16, 1997 813
147 "The Comeback"  David Owen Trainor Gregg Kavet & Andy Robin January 30, 1997 812
148 "The Van Buren Boys"  Andy Ackerman Darin Henry February 6, 1997 814
149 "The Susie"  Andy Ackerman David Mandel February 13, 1997 815
150 "The Pothole"  Andy Ackerman Steve O'Donnell & Dan O'Keefe February 20, 1997 816
151 "The English Patient"  Andy Ackerman Steve Koren March 13, 1997 817
152 "The Nap"  Andy Ackerman Gregg Kavet & Andy Robin April 10, 1997 818
153 "The Yada Yada"  Andy Ackerman Peter Mehlman & Jill Franklyn April 24, 1997 819
154 "The Millennium"  Andy Ackerman Jennifer Crittenden May 1, 1997 820
155 "The Muffin Tops"  Andy Ackerman Spike Feresten May 8, 1997 821
156 "The Summer of George"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer May 15, 1997 822

[edit] Season 9: 1997–98

Main article: Seinfeld (season 9)
# Title Director Writer(s) Original AirDate[5] Production Code[26]
157 "The Butter Shave"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer and David Mandel September 25, 1997 901
158 "The Voice"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer and David Mandel October 2, 1997 902
159 "The Serenity Now"  Andy Ackerman Steve Koren October 9, 1997 903
160 "The Blood"  Andy Ackerman Dan O'Keefe October 16, 1997 904
161 "The Junk Mail"  Andy Ackerman Spike Feresten October 30, 1997 905
162 "The Merv Griffin Show"  Andy Ackerman Bruce Eric Kaplan November 6, 1997 906
163 "The Slicer"  Andy Ackerman Darin Henry and Gregg Kavet & Andy Robin November 13, 1997 907
164 "The Betrayal"  Andy Ackerman Peter Mehlman & David Mandel November 20, 1997 908
165 "The Apology"  Andy Ackerman Jennifer Crittenden December 11, 1997 909
166 "The Strike"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer and Dan O'Keefe December 18, 1997 910
167 "The Dealership"  Andy Ackerman Steve Koren January 8, 1998 911
168 "The Reverse Peephole"  Andy Ackerman Spike Feresten January 15, 1998 912
169 "The Cartoon"  Andy Ackerman Bruce Eric Kaplan January 29, 1998 913
170 "The Strong Box"  Andy Ackerman Dan O'Keefe & Billy Kimball February 5, 1998 914
171 "The Wizard"  Andy Ackerman Steve Lookner February 26, 1998 915
172 "The Burning"  Andy Ackerman Jennifer Crittenden March 19, 1998 916
173 "The Bookstore"  Andy Ackerman Spike Feresten and Darin Henry & Mark Jaffe April 9, 1998 917
174 "The Frogger"  Andy Ackerman Gregg Kavet & Andy Robin and Steve Koren & Dan O'Keefe April 23, 1998 918
175 "The Maid"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg & Jeff Schaffer and David Mandel & Kit Boss & Peter Mehlman April 30, 1998 919
176 "The Puerto Rican Day"  Andy Ackerman Alec Berg, Jeff Schaffer, Jennifer Crittenden, Spike Feresten, Bruce Eric Kaplan, Steve Koren, David Mandel, Dan O'Keefe, Gregg Kavet & Andy Robin May 7, 1998 920
177 "The Clip Show"  Andy Ackerman Darin Henry May 14, 1998 921
178 "The Clip Show"  Andy Ackerman Darin Henry May 14, 1998 922
179 "The Finale, Part 1"  Andy Ackerman Larry David May 14, 1998 923
180 "The Finale, Part 2"  Andy Ackerman Larry David May 14, 1998 924

[edit] References and notes

General sources

Specific sources and notes

  1. ^ Miller, Patrick D. (July 1998). Editorial: Good-bye Seinfeld. Theology Today. Retrieved on 2007-05-17.
  2. ^ "Seinfeld and nihilism", 1999-12-03. Retrieved on 2007-12-12. 
  3. ^ The Seinfeld Chronicles episode at Seinfeld Official Site. Sony Pictures. Retrieved on 2008-03-23.
  4. ^ Boudreaux, Jonathan (2004-11-24). Seinfeld: Season 1 & 2 DVD Review. tvdvdreviews.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-19.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Seinfeld Episodes | TVGuide.com. TV Guide. Retrieved on 2008-03-20.
  6. ^ Seinfeld Seasons 1 & 2: Notes about Nothing - "The Contest" [DVD]. Sony Pictures Home Entertainment.
  7. ^ Richmond, Ray (2004-11-23). The Seinfeld Story. MSNBC. Retrieved on 2008-03-22.
  8. ^ Seinfeld show description from the Official Site. Sony Pictures. Retrieved on 2008-03-22.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h Seinfeld region 1 DVD release dates. TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-23.
  10. ^ Season 1&2 (Region 2). Amazon.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-20.
  11. ^ Season 1&2 (Region 4). JB Hi-Fi Online. Retrieved on 2008-03-21.
  12. ^ Season 3 (Region 2). Amazon.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-20.
  13. ^ Season 3 (Region 4). JB Hi-Fi Online. Retrieved on 2008-03-21.
  14. ^ Season 4 (Region 2). Amazon.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-20.
  15. ^ Season 4 (Region 4). JB Hi-Fi Online. Retrieved on 2008-03-21.
  16. ^ Season 5 (Region 2). Amazon.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-20.
  17. ^ Season 5 (Region 4). JB Hi-Fi Online. Retrieved on 2008-03-21.
  18. ^ Season 6 (Region 2). Amazon.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-20.
  19. ^ Season 6 (Region 4). JB Hi-Fi Online. Retrieved on 2008-03-21.
  20. ^ Season 7 (Region 2) review. dvdactive.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-25.
  21. ^ Season 7 (Region 4). JB Hi-Fi Online. Retrieved on 2008-03-21.
  22. ^ Season 8 (Region 2) review. realmovienews.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-24.
  23. ^ Season 8 (Region 4). JB Hi-Fi Online. Retrieved on 2008-03-21.
  24. ^ Season 9 (Region 2) Review. dvdactive.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-25.
  25. ^ Season 9 (Region 4). JB Hi-Fi Online. Retrieved on 2008-03-21.
  26. ^ a b c d e f g h i Seinfeld Prod. Codes for all seasons. epguide.com. Retrieved on 2008-03-23.
  27. ^ The episode was originally produced for Season 2 but was postponed because of the beginning of the 1991 Gulf War. The Stranded episode at Seinfeld Official Site. Sony Pictures. Retrieved on 2008-03-23.