List of Presidents of the Philippines

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This a complete list of Presidents of the Philippines that consists of the 14 heads of state in the history of the Philippines. The list includes Presidents who were inaugurated as President of the Philippines following the ratification of a constitution that explicitly declares the existence of the Philippines.

For leaders of the Philippines prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, see Datu. For leaders prior to the ratification of the 1899 constitution, see Royal Governor of the Philippines. For leaders prior to the ratification of the 1935 constitution, see Governor-General of the Philippines.

Note that the Presidents under the Commonwealth of the Philippines were under American sovereignty, and that of the Second Republic is considered to be a puppet government of the Japanese during World War II. Thus the Philippines had three Presidents during that war - one de facto and two de jure, and two at the same time.

The First Republic and the Second Republic are not a part of the existing Constitutional succession (begun in 1935), and as such not counted in the order of terms.

The colors indicate the political party or coalition of each President at Election Day or at the time ascendance.

The King of Spain (1565-1898) and the President of the United States (1898-1946) were the heads of state before independence was granted by the United States on July 4, 1946. Emilio Aguinaldo's government was unrecognized by several states, but is considered as head of states among Filipinos; the puppet government during the Japanese occupation was considered independent by the Japanese.

Contents

[edit] List of Presidents

     No party affiliation      Nacionalista      Liberal      Kilusang Bagong Lipunan      United Nationalists Democratic Organizations      Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats      Partido ng Masang Pilipino

# President Took office Left office Party Vice President Term Era
1 Emilio Aguinaldo May 24, 1898[1] April 1, 1901[2] none
(Magdalo faction of the Katipunan)		 none
(The 1899 Constitution did not provide for a Vice President)		 - First Dictatorship
First Republic
Defunct
Due to the leadership of the Governors of the Philippine Islands from April 1, 1901 to November 15, 1935.
2 Manuel L. Quezon November 15, 1935 August 1, 1944[3] Nacionalista Sergio Osmeña 1 Commonwealth
2
3 José P. Laurel October 14, 1943 August 14, 1945[4] Kalibapi[5]
(Caretaker government under Japanese occupation)		 none
(The 1943 Constitution did not provide for a Vice President.)		 - Second Republic
4 Sergio Osmeña August 1, 1944 May 28, 1946 Nacionalista vacant 2 Commonwealth
(Restored)
5 Manuel Roxas May 28, 1946 April 15, 1948[6] Liberal Elpidio Quirino 3
Third Republic
6 Elpidio Quirino April 17, 1948 December 30, 1953 Liberal vacant
Fernando Lopez 4
7 Ramon Magsaysay December 30, 1953 March 17, 1957[7] Nacionalista Carlos P. Garcia 5
8 Carlos P. Garcia March 18, 1957 December 30, 1961 vacant
Diosdado Macapagal 6
9 Diosdado Macapagal December 30, 1961 December 30, 1965 Liberal Emmanuel Pelaez 7
10 Ferdinand Marcos December 30, 1965 February 25, 1986[8] Nacionalista Fernando Lopez 8
9
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan vacant 10 Second Dictatorship
"The New Society"
11 Fourth Republic
Arturo Tolentino 12
11 Corazon C. Aquino February 25, 1986[9] June 30, 1992 United Nationalists Democratic Organizations Salvador Laurel
Fifth Republic
12 Fidel V. Ramos June 30, 1992 June 30, 1998 Lakas-National Union of Christian Democrats-United Muslim Democrats of the Philippines Joseph Estrada 13
13 Joseph Estrada June 30, 1998 January 20, 2001[10] Partido ng Masang Pilipino
(Under Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino coalition)		 Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo 14
14 Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo January 20, 2001 Present Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats vacant
Teofisto Guingona
Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats
(Under Koalisyon ng Katapatan at Karanasan sa Kinabukasan coalition)		 Noli de Castro 15

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Term began when Aguinaldo served as "Dictator of the Philippines".
  2. ^ Term ended when Aguinaldo pledged allegiance to the United States after his capture at Palanan, Isabela.
  3. ^ Died due to tuberculosis at Saranac Lake, New York.
  4. ^ Term ended with his dissolving the Philippine Republic in the wake of the surrender of Japanese forces to the Americans at World War II.
  5. ^ Originally a Nacionalista, but was elected by the National Assembly under Japanese control. All parties were merged under Japanese auspices to form Kalibapi, to which all officials belonged.
  6. ^ Died due to a heart attack at Clark Air Base.
  7. ^ Died on a plane crash at Mount Manunggal, Cebu
  8. ^ Deposed in the 1986 People Power Revolution.
  9. ^ Assumed presidency by claiming victory in the disputed 1986 snap election.
  10. ^ Deposed after the Supreme Court declared Estrada as resigned, and the office of the presidency as vacant as a result, after the 2001 EDSA Revolution.

[edit] Statistics

  • Longest serving President: Ferdinand Marcos (5,259 days)
  • Shortest serving President: Jose P. Laurel (479 days)

[edit] References

[edit] See also

v • d • e
Presidents of the Philippines
Aguinaldo • Quezon • Osmeña • Laurel • Roxas • Quirino • Magsaysay • Garcia • Macapagal • Marcos • Aquino • Ramos • Estrada
Currently: Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
v • d • e
Lists of Presidents and Vice Presidents of the Philippines
Presidential lists of order
Order of service • Birth • Longevity • Post-presidency length • Term length
Presidential personal life lists
Presidential professional life lists
Vice President lists of order
Succession
Elections
Candidates
Spouses