List of Irish Victoria Cross recipients

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Army recruiting poster, 1915, featuring Michael O'Leary
Army recruiting poster, 1915, featuring Michael O'Leary

List of Irish Victoria Cross recipients lists all Irish-born recipients of the Victoria Cross (post-nominal letters "VC"), together with the date and place of their VC action. The Victoria Cross is the highest war honour of the British Empire and the Commonwealth of Nations. Since 1881 it has been awarded to service personnel for extraordinary valour and devotion to duty while facing a hostile force. Between 1858 and 1881 the Victoria Cross could be awarded for actions taken "under circumstances of extreme danger" not in the face of the enemy. Six people were awarded Victoria Crosses under this clause until it was amended in 1881 to only allow acts "in the presence of the enemy".[1] It was awarded to members of the British Armed Forces which included Irish service personnel until 1922. It is currently available to personnel of any rank in any service, and to allies serving under or with British Forces. It is the highest honour in the Commonwealth honours system, placed before all other orders, decorations and medals. As of April 2008, this list is composed of 188 names of those recipients who were born in Ireland or had full Irish parentage.

Both Catholic and Protestant officers and servicemen born in Ireland served alongside each other in the British Military.[2] During the previous two centuries they had a common military background, and irrespective of class or creed many were decorated with the British highest award for valour. 30 Irish VC recipients received awards in the Crimean war, 52 Irish VCs in the Indian Mutiny, 46 Irish VCs in numerous other British Empire campaigns between 1857 to 1914, 37 Irish VCs in the First World War and eight Irishmen received VC awards for valour in the Second World War.

[edit] Recipients

      This along with the * indicates that the Victoria Cross was awarded posthumously

Name Date of action Conflict Unit Place of action Notes
Adams, JamesJames Adams 1879 Second Afghan War British Indian Army Killa Kazi, Afghanistan
Agar, AugustusAugustus Agar 1919 Baltic Campaign 1918 HM Coastal Motor Boat 4 Kronstadt, Russia
Alexander, JohnJohn Alexander 1855 Crimean War 09090th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Anderson, CharlesCharles Anderson 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0022nd Queen's Dragoon Guards Sandila, India
Barry, JohnJohn Barry 1901* Second Boer War Royal Irish Regiment Monument Hill, South Africa
Bell, DavidDavid Bell 1867 Andaman Islands Expedition 02424th Regiment of Foot Little Andaman, India [3]
Bell, EdwardEdward Bell 1854 Crimean War 02323rd Regiment of Foot Alma, Crimea
Bell, EricEric Bell 1916* First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Thiepval, France
Beresford, WilliamWilliam Beresford 1879 Anglo-Zulu War 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Ulundi, South Africa
Bergin, JamesJames Bergin 1868 Abyssinian Expedition 03333rd Regiment of Foot Magdala, Abyssinia
Bingham, EdwardEdward Bingham 1916 First World War HMS Nestor Jutland, Denmark
Boulger, AbrahamAbraham Boulger 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Boyd-Rochfort, GeorgeGeorge Boyd-Rochfort 1915 First World War Scots Guards Cambrin, France
Bradshaw, JosephJoseph Bradshaw 1855 Crimean War Rifle Brigade Woronzoff Road, Crimea
Bradshaw, WilliamWilliam Bradshaw 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09090th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Brown, EdwardEdward Brown 1900 Second Boer War 01414th King's Hussars Geluk, South Africa
Brown, FrancisFrancis Brown 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0011st European Bengal Fusiliers Narnaul, India
Burgoyne, HughHugh Burgoyne 1855 Crimean War HMS Swallow Sea of Azov, Crimea
Burslem, NathanielNathaniel Burslem 1860 Second Opium War 06767th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Byrne, JamesJames Byrne 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08686th Regiment Jhansi, India
Byrne, JohnJohn Byrne 1854 Crimean War 06868th Regiment of Foot Inkerman, Crimea
Byrne, ThomasThomas Byrne 1898 Mahdist War 02121st Lancers Omdurman, Sudan
Caffrey, JohnJohn Caffrey 1915 First World War 0022nd York and Lancaster Regiment La Brique, France
Cambridge, DanielDaniel Cambridge 1855 Crimean War Royal Artillery Sevastopol, Crimea
Carlin, PatrickPatrick Carlin 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 01313th Regiment of Foot Azumgurh, India
Cather, GeoffreyGeoffrey Cather 1916* First World War Royal Irish Fusiliers Hamel, France
Cobbe, AlexanderAlexander Cobbe 1902 Somaliland Campaign King's African Rifles Erego, Somaliland
Coffey, WilliamWilliam Coffey 1855 Crimean War 03434th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Coghill, NevillNevill Coghill 1879* Anglo-Zulu War 02424th Regiment of Foot IsandhlwanaSouth Africa
Colvin, HughHugh Colvin 1917 First World War Cheshire Regiment Ypres, Belgium
Connors, JohnJohn Connors 1855 Crimean War 0033rd Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Conolly, JohnJohn Conolly 1854 Crimean War 04949th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Cosgrove, WilliamWilliam Cosgrove 1915 First World War Royal Munster Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Costello, EdmundEdmund Costello 1897 Siege of Malakand 02222nd Punjab Infantry Malakand, India
Coughlan, CorneliusCornelius Coughlan 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Gordon Highlanders Delhi, India
Creagh, GarrettGarrett Creagh 1879 Second Afghan War Bombay Staff Corps Kam Dakka, Afghanistan
Crean, ThomasThomas Crean 1901 Second Boer War Imperial Light Horse Tygerkloof Spruit, South Africa
Crichton, JamesJames Crichton 1918 First World War New Zealand Expeditionary Force Crevecoeur, France
Crimmin, JohnJohn Crimmin 1889 Karenni Expedition Bombay Medical Service Lwekaw, Burma
Cunningham, JohnJohn Cunningham 1917* First World War Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment Bois-en-Hache, France
Danaher, JohnJohn Danaher 1881 First Boer War Nourse's Horse (Transvaal) Elandsfontein, South Africa
Dease, MauriceMaurice Dease 1914* First World War Royal Fusiliers Mons, Belgium
Dempsey, DenisDenis Dempsey 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 01010th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Diamond, BernardBernard Diamond 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Horse Artillery Bulandshahr, India
De Wind, EdmundEdmund De Wind 1918* First World War Royal Ulster Rifles Groagie, France
Divane, JohnJohn Divane 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 06060th Rifles Delhi, India
Donohoe, PatrickPatrick Donohoe 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Bulandshahr, India
Doogan, JohnJohn Doogan 1881 First Boer War 0011st King's Dragoon Guards Laing's Nek, South Africa
Dowling, WilliamWilliam Dowling 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03232nd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Doyle, MartinMartin Doyle 1918 First World War Royal Munster Fusiliers Reincourt, France
Duffy, JamesJames Duffy 1917 First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Kereina Peak, Palestine
Duffy, ThomasThomas Duffy 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 102102nd Madras Fusiliers Lucknow, India
Dunlay, JohnJohn Dunlay 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09393rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Dynon, DenisDenis Dynon 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 05353rd Regiment of Foot Chota Behar, India
Edwards, FrederickFrederick Edwards 1916 First World War Middlesex Regiment Thiepval, France
Emerson, JamesJames Emerson 1917* First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers La Vacquerie, France
Ervine-Andrews, HaroldHarold Ervine-Andrews 1940 Second World War East Lancashire Regiment Dunkirk, France
Esmonde, EugeneEugene Esmonde 1942* Second World War 825825 Naval Air Squadron Straits of Dover
Esmonde, ThomasThomas Esmonde 1855 Crimean War 01818th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
English, WilliamWilliam English 1901 Second Boer War The Scottish Horse Vlakfontein, South Africa
Farrell, JohnJohn Farrell 1854 Crimean War 01717th Lancers Balaclava, Crimea
Fegen, EdwardEdward Fegen 1940 Second World War HMS Jervis Bay Atlantic Ocean
FitzClarence, CharlesCharles FitzClarence 1899 Second Boer War Royal Fusiliers Mafeking, South Africa
Fitzgerald, RichardRichard Fitzgerald 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Horse Artillery Bulandshahr, India
Fitzgibbon, AndrewAndrew Fitzgibbon 1860 Second Opium War 06767th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Fitzpatrick, FrancisFrancis Fitzpatrick 1879 Basuto War 09494th Regiment of Foot Sekukuni's Town, South Africa
Flinn, ThomasThomas Flinn 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 06464th Regiment of Foot Cawnpore, India
Forrest, GeorgeGeorge Forrest 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Veteran Establishment Delhi, India
Fowler, EdmundEdmund Fowler 1879 Anglo-Zulu War Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) Zlobane Mountain, South Africa
Gardiner, GeorgeGeorge Gardiner 1855 Crimean War 05757th Regiment of Foot Sebastopol, Crimea
Garland, DonaldDonald Garland 1940* Second World War No. 12 Squadron RAF Albert Canal, Belgium
Garvin, StephenStephen Garvin 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 06060th Rifles Delhi, India
Gill, PeterPeter Gill 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Loodiana Regiment Benares, India
Gore-Browne, HenryHenry Gore-Browne 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03232nd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Grady, ThomasThomas Grady 1854 Crimean War 0044th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Graham, PatrickPatrick Graham 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09090th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Grant, PeterPeter Grant 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09393rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Green, PatrickPatrick Green 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 07575th Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Griffiths, WilliamWilliam Griffiths 1867 Andaman Islands Expedition 02424th Regiment of Foot Little Andaman, India [3]
Hackett, ThomasThomas Hackett 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 02323rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Hall, FrederickFrederick Hall 1915* First World War 0088th (Winnipeg Rifles) Battalion Ypres, Belgium
Hamilton, WalterWalter Hamilton 1879 Second Afghan War Staff CorpsStaff Corps and Corps of Guides Futtehabad, Afghanistan
Hanna, RobertRobert Hanna 1917 First World War 02929th Battalion, CEF Lens, France
Harrison, JohnJohn Harrison 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Naval Brigade Lucknow, India
Hart, ReginaldReginald Hart 1879 Second Afghan War Royal Engineers Bazar Valley, Afghanistan
Hartigan, HenryHenry Hartigan 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Delhi, India
Harvey, FrederickFrederick Harvey 1917 First World War Lord Strathcona's Horse Guyencourt, France
Hawthorne, RobertRobert Hawthorne 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 05252nd Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Hill, SamuelSamuel Hill 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09090th Regiment Lucknow, India
Holland, JohnJohn Holland 1916 First World War Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment Guillemont, France
Hughes, ThomasThomas Hughes 1916 First World War Connaught Rangers Guillemont, France
Irwin, CharlesCharles Irwin 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 05353rd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Jackman, JamesJames Jackman 1941* Second World War Royal Northumberland Fusiliers Tobruk, Libya
Jennings, EdwardEdward Jennings 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Artillery Lucknow, India
Johnston, RobertRobert Johnston 1899 Second Boer War Imperial Light Horse (Natal) Elandslaagte,South Africa
Jones, HenryHenry Jones 1855 Crimean War 0077th Regiment Sebastopol, Crimea
Kavanagh, ThomasThomas Kavanagh 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Civil Service Lucknow, India
Keatinge, RichardRichard Keatinge 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bombay Artillery Chundairee, India
Kelliher, RichardRichard Kelliher 1943 Second World War AustralianAustralian Imperial Force New Guinea, Pacific
Kelly, HenryHenry Kelly 1916 First World War Duke of Wellington's Regiment Le Sars, France [4]
Keneally, WilliamWilliam Keneally 1915 First World War Lancashire Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Kenny, WilliamWilliam Kenny 1920* Waziristan Campaign 03939th Garhwal Rifles Kot Kai, India
Lambert, GeorgeGeorge Lambert 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Oonao, India
Lane, ThomasThomas Lane 1860 Second Opium War 06767th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Laughnan, ThomasThomas Laughnan 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Artillery Lucknow, India
Lawrence, SamuelSamuel Lawrence 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03232nd Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Leach, EdwardEdward Leach 1879 Second Afghan War Royal Engineers Maidanah, Afghanistan
Leet, WilliamWilliam Leet 1879 Anglo-Zulu War 01313th Regiment of Foot Inhlobana, South Africa
Lendrim, WilliamWilliam Lendrim 1855 Crimean War Royal Engineers Sevastopol, Crimea
Lloyd, OwenOwen Lloyd 1893 Kachin Expedition Army Medical ServicesArmy Medical Service Fort Sima, Burma
Lord, DavidDavid Lord 1944* Second World War No. 271 Squadron RAF Arnhem, Netherlands
Lucas, CharlesCharles Lucas 1854 Crimean War HMS Hecla Åland Islands, Finland
Lucas, JohnJohn Lucas 1861 First Taranaki War 04040th Regiment of Foot New Zealand
Lyons, JohnJohn Lyons 1855 Crimean War 01919th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Lyster, HarryHarry Lyster 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 07272nd Bengal Native Infantry Calpee, India
Madden, AmbroseAmbrose Madden 1854 Crimean War 04141st Regiment Little Inkerman, Crimea
Magennis, JamesJames Magennis 1945 Second World War HMS XE3 Johore Straits, Singapore [5]
Magner, MichaelMichael Magner 1868 Abyssinian Expedition 03333rd Regiment of Foot Magdala, Abyssinia
Mahoney, PatrickPatrick Mahoney 1857* Indian Rebellion of 1857 102102nd Madras Fusiliers Mungulwar, India
Manley, WilliamWilliam Manley 1864 New Zealand Land Wars Royal Artillery Tauranga, New Zealand
Mannock, EdwardEdward Mannock 1918* First World War No. 74 Squadron RAF Western Front
Masterson, JamesJames Masterson 1900 Second Boer War Devonshire Regiment Ladysmith, South Africa
Maude, FrederickFrederick Maude 1855 Crimean War 0033rd Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
McCorrie, CharlesCharles McCorrie 1855 Crimean War 05757th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
McFadzean, WilliamWilliam McFadzean 1916* First World War Royal Ulster Rifles Thiepval Wood, France
McGovern, JohnJohn McGovern 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 101101st Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
McGuire, JamesJames McGuire 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 101101st Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
McHale, PatrickPatrick McHale 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0055th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
McManus, PeterPeter McManus 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0055th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
McQuirt, BernardBernard McQuirt 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 09595th Regiment of Foot Rowa, India
McWheeney, WilliamWilliam McWheeney 1854 Crimean War 04444th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Moffat, MartinMartin Moffat 1918 First World War Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment Ledeghem, Belgium
Moore, ArthurArthur Moore 1857 Anglo-Persian War 0033rd Bombay Light Cavalry Khushab, Persia
Moore, HansHans Moore 1877 Cape Frontier Wars 08888th Regiment Komgha, South Africa
Morrow, RobertRobert Morrow 1915* First World War Royal Irish Fusiliers Messines, Belgium
Moyney, JohnJohn Moyney 1917 First World War Irish Guards Broembeek, Belgium
Moynihan, AndrewAndrew Moynihan 1855 Crimean War 09090th Regiment of Foot Redan, Crimea
Mullane, PatrickPatrick Mullane 1880 Second Afghan War Royal Horse Artillery Maiwand, Afghanistan [6]
Murphy, MichaelMichael Murphy 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 01717th Lancers Azumgurh, India [7]
Murphy, ThomasThomas Murphy 1867 Andaman Islands Expedition 02424th Regiment of Foot Little Andaman, India [3]
Murray, JamesJames Murray 1881 First Boer War 08888th Regiment Elandsfontein, South Africa
Murray, JohnJohn Murray 1864 New Zealand Land Wars 06868th Regiment of Foot Tauranga, New Zealand
Mylott, PatrickPatrick Mylott 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Nash, WilliamWilliam Nash 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Rifle Brigade Lucknow, India
Nelson, DavidDavid Nelson 1914 First World War Royal Artillery Nery, France
Nunney, ClaudeClaude Nunney 1918* First World War 03838th Battalion, CEF Drocourt-Queant Line, France
Nurse, GeorgeGeorge Nurse 1899 Second Boer War Royal Field Artillery Colenso, South Africa
O'Connor, LukeLuke O'Connor 1854 Crimean War 02323rd Regiment of Foot Alma, Crimea
O'Hea, TimothyTimothy O'Hea 1866 (none) Rifle Brigade Danville, Quebec, Canada [8]
O'Leary, MichaelMichael O'Leary 1915 First World War Irish Guards Cuinchy, France
Olpherts, WilliamWilliam Olpherts 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Artillery Lucknow, India
O'Meara, MartinMartin O'Meara 1916 First World War 0011st Division (Australia) Pozieres, France
O'Rourke, MichaelMichael O'Rourke 1917 First World War 0077th Battalion, CEF Hill 60, France
O'Sullivan, GeraldGerald O'Sullivan 1915 First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Owens, JamesJames Owens 1854 Crimean War 04949th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Park, JohnJohn Park 1854 Crimean War 07777th Regiment of Foot Alma, Crimea
Pearson, JamesJames Pearson 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08686th Regiment of Foot Jhansi, India
Probyn, DightonDighton Probyn 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0022nd Punjab Cavalry Agra, India
Prosser, JosephJoseph Prosser 1855 Crimean War 0011st Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Purcell, JohnJohn Purcell 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0099th Queen's Royal Lancers Delhi, India
Quigg, RobertRobert Quigg 1916 First World War Royal Ulster Rifles Hamel, France
Reed, HamiltonHamilton Reed 1899 Second Boer War Royal Field Artillery Colenso, South Africa
Reynolds, JamesJames Reynolds 1879 Anglo-Zulu War Army Medical ServiceArmy Medical Service Rorke's Drift, Natal, South Africa
Richardson, GeorgeGeorge Richardson 1859 Indian Rebellion of 1857 03434th Regiment of Foot Kewane Trans-Gogra, India
Ridgeway, RichardRichard Ridgeway 1879 Basuto War Bengal Staff Corps Konoma, India
Roberts, FrederickFrederick Roberts 1899* Waziristan Expedition King's Royal Rifle Corps Colenso, South Africa
Robertson, ClementClement Robertson 1917* First World War Queen's Royal Regiment Zonnebeke, Belgium
Roddy, PatrickPatrick Roddy 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Bengal Army Kuthirga, India
Rogers, RobertRobert Rogers 1860 Second Opium War 04444th Regiment of Foot Taku Forts, China
Roupell, GeorgeGeorge Roupell 1915 First World War East Surrey Regiment Hill 60, Belgium
Ryan, JohnJohn Ryan 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 102102nd Madras Fusiliers Lucknow, India
Ryan, JohnJohn Ryan 1863 New Zealand Land Wars 06565th Regiment of Foot Cameron Town, New Zealand
Ryan, MilesMiles Ryan 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 101101st Regiment of Foot Delhi, India
Scott, RobertRobert Scott 1900 Second Boer War Manchester Regiment Natal, South Africa [9]
Sinnott, JohnJohn Sinnott 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 08484th Regiment of Foot Lucknow, India
Sleavon, MichaelMichael Sleavon 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 Royal Engineers Jhansi, India
Smith, FrederickFrederick Smith 1864 New Zealand Land Wars 04343rd Regiment of Foot Tauranga, New Zealand
Smith, PhilipPhilip Smith 1855 Crimean War Royal Leicestershire Regiment Sevastopol, Crimea
Somers, JamesJames Somers 1915 First World War Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers Gallipoli, Turkey
Stagpoole, DudleyDudley Stagpoole 1863 New Zealand Land Wars 05757th Regiment of Foot Poutoko, New Zealand
Sullivan, JohnJohn Sullivan 1855 Crimean War Naval Brigade Sevastopol, Crimea
Temple, WilliamWilliam Temple 1863 New Zealand Land Wars Royal Artillery Rangiriri, New Zealand
Travers, JamesJames Travers 1857 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0022nd Bengal Native Infantry Indore, India
Walker, MarkMark Walker 1854 Crimean War 03030th Regiment of Foot Inkerman, Crimea
Ward, JosephJoseph Ward 1858 Indian Rebellion of 1857 0088th King's Royal Irish Hussars Gwalior, India
White, GeorgeGeorge White 1879 Second Afghan War 09292nd Regiment of Foot Charasiah, Afghanistan
Wright, AlexanderAlexander Wright 1855 Crimean War 07777th Regiment of Foot Sevastopol, Crimea
Young, AlexanderAlexander Young 1901 Second Boer War Cape Police Ruiterskraal, South Africa

[edit] References

Footnotes
  1. ^ VC background. British War Graves Memorial. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
  2. ^ Karsten, Peter (1983). "Irish Soldiers in the British Army, 1792-1922: Suborned or Subordinate". Journal of Social History Vol. 17 (1): 31–64. 
  3. ^ a b c Between 1858 and 1881 the Victoria Cross could be awarded for actions taken "under circumstances of extreme danger" not in the face of the enemy. Five people were awarded Victoria Crosses when they manned a boat to rescue their comrades who had been sent to the Andaman Islands on an investigation. This rule was changed in 1881 to only allow acts "in the presence of the enemy".VC background. British War Graves Memorial. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
  4. ^ Kelly is considered an Irish recipient as well as English, due to Irish parentage.
    Manchester Military & Civilian Heroes (2). Papillon Graphics' Virtual Encyclopaedia of Greater Manchester (2007-12-07). Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
  5. ^ The only native of Northern Ireland to receive the VC for action in the Second World War.
  6. ^ Mullane was born in India. He is considered an Irish recipient by parentage
    Doherty, Truesdale, 2000
  7. ^ After being convicted of theft, Murphy's VC was forfeited under an expulsion clause regarding "wholly discreditable circumstances." In 1920, King George V restored all eight VCs that had been forfeited.
    Posthumous VCs. National Army Museum. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
  8. ^ Between 1858 and 1881 the Victoria Cross could be awarded for actions taken "under circumstances of extreme danger" not in the face of the enemy. O'Hea single handedly put out a fire in an ammunition cart for which he was awarded the VC. This rule was changed in 1881 to only allow acts "in the presence of the enemy".VC background. British War Graves Memorial. Retrieved on 2008-04-07.
  9. ^ Scott was born in Manchester, England. He is considered an Irish recipient by parentage.
    Doherty, Truesdale, 2000
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