List of Iranic states and empires

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History of Greater Iran
Empires of Persia · Kings of Persia
Pre-modern
Before Islam  BCE Zayandeh River Civilization prehistoric–? Sialk civilization 7500–1000 Jiroft civilization (Aratta) 3000–? Proto-Elamite civilization 3200–2800 Bactria-Margiana Complex 2200–1700 Elamite dynasties 2800–550 Kingdom of Mannai 10th–7th cent. Median Empire 728–550 Achaemenid Empire 550–330 Seleucid Empire 330–150 Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 250-125 Parthian Empire 248–CE 224 CE Kushan Empire 30–275 Sassanid Empire 224–651 Hephthalite Empire 425–557 Kabul-Shahi dynasty 565–670
After Islamic Conquest  Patriarchal Caliphate 637–651 Umayyad Caliphate 661–750 Abbasid Caliphate 750–1258 Tahirid dynasty 821–873 Alavid dynasty 864–928 Saffarid dynasty 861–1003 Samanid dynasty 819–999 Ziyarid dynasty 928–1043 Buyid Dynasty 934–1055 Ghaznavid Empire 975–1187 Ghori dynasty 1149–1212 Seljuk Empire 1037–1194 Khwarezmid dynasty 1077–1231 Kartids dynasty 1231-1389 Ilkhanate 1256–1353 Muzaffarid dynasty 1314–1393 Chupanid dynasty 1337–1357 Jalayerid dynasty 1339–1432 Timurid Empire 1370–1506 Qara Qoyunlu Turcomans 1407–1468 Aq Qoyunlu Turcomans 1378–1508 Safavid Empire 1501–1722* Mughal Empire 1526–1857 Hotaki dynasty 1722–1729 Afsharid dynasty 1736–1802 * or 1736
Modern SSR = Soviet Socialist Republic
Afghanistan  Durrani Empire 1748–1823 British and Russian influence 1826–1919 Independence and civil war 1919–1929 Mohammedzai rule 1929–1973 Republic of Afghanistan 1973–1978 Communist rule 1978–1992 Recent history of Afghanistan since 1992 Timeline
Azerbaijan  Khanates of the Caucasus 1722–1828 Russian Rule 1828–1917 Democratic Republic 1918–1920 Azerbaijan SSR 1920–1991 Republic of Azerbaijan since 1991
Bahrain  Portuguese rule 1521–1602 British Treaty 1820–1971 Kingdom of Bahrain since 1971
Iran  Zand dynasty 1750–1794 Qajar dynasty 1781–1925 Pahlavi dynasty 1925–1979 Iranian Revolution 1979 Provisional Government 1979 Islamic Republic of Iran since 1979
Iraq  Ottoman Empire 1632–1919 Hashimite monarchy 1920–1958 Coup and Republic 1958–2003 Republic of Iraq since 2004
Tajikistan  Emirate of Bukhara 1785–1920 Bukharan / Uzbek SSR 1920–1929 Tajik Autonomous SSR 1929 Tajik SSR 1929–1991 Republic of Tajikistan since 1991
Uzbekistan  Emirate of Bukhara 1785–1920 Uzbek SSR 1924–1991 Independence 1991 Republic of Uzbekistan since 1991

The following is a list of Iranic states and empires. It includes both states and empires founded by the Iranian peoples and those that have been heavily affected by Iranian civilization or culture.

Contents 1 Modern nations 1.1 De facto states 1.2 Autonomous entities 1.3 Former and Defunct countries and autonomous regions 2 Historical Kingdoms and empires 2.1 Africa 2.2 Anatolia 2.3 Caucasus 2.4 Central Asia 2.5 Europe 2.6 Iranian plateau and Middle East 2.7 South Asia 3 See also 4 Notes

[edit] Modern nations

Afghanistan

Iran

Tajikistan

[edit] De facto states

South Ossetia

[edit] Autonomous entities

Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County

North Ossetia-Alania

North-West Frontier Province

Balochistan (Pakistan)

Iraqi Kurdistan

[edit] Former and Defunct countries and autonomous regions

Daoud's Republic of Afghanistan

Lasted from July 17, 1973 to April 28, 1978.

Democratic Republic of Afghanistan

Lasted from 1978 to 1992.

Kingdom of Kurdistan(Iraq)

Lasted from September 1922 to July 1924.

Republic of Ararat 

Lasted from 1927 to 1931.

Republic of Mahabad

Lasted from January 22, 1946 to December 15, 1946.

Tajik ASSR

Lasted until 1929.

Tajik SSR

Lasted from 1929 to 1991.

Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic

Lasted from June to August 1993.

[edit] Historical Kingdoms and empires

[edit] Africa

Bazrangids

Kilwa Empire

Rustamids

Zanj Empire

[edit] Anatolia

Ottoman Empire

(1299-1922)^[1][2] (because the culture of the ruling dynasty, the House of Osman, was largely derived from the Persian culture, the Ottomans may also be regarded as Turkic Persianate; see also: Turko-Persian Tradition)^[3][4][5][6]

[edit] Caucasus

Alans

Chosroid Dynasty

a dynasty of Iranian origin and a branch of the Mihranids.

Cimmerians

ancient equestrian nomads of Iranian or Thracian origin

Mihranids

Parthian or Persian ruling family of Arran from the 6th century to the 8th century.

Shaddadid

Kurdish rulers of Armenia and Arran from 951 to 1174 or 1199.

Shirvanshahs

Persianized family of original Arab descent that ruled Shirvan from 801 to 1538.

[edit] Central Asia

Bactria-Margiana

ca. 2200–1700 BCE.

Sogdia

Greco-Bactrian Kingdom

Lasted from 250 until 125 BCE.

Turan (Avesta)

Massagetae

Hephthalite^[7][8][9] 

Lasted from 425 until 557 CE.

Samanid dynasty

Lasted from 819 until 999 CE.

Ghurids

Islamic Tajik dynasty, lasted from 543-613 until 1148-1215

Hotaki

Pashtun dynasty, lasted from 1709 until 1738.

Ghaznavid dynasty

Ruled by a predominantly Persian-speaking family of Turkic mamluk origin; the Turkic identity of the dynasty is controversial.^[10][11] Lasted from 962 until 1187

Khwarezm Shahs

Ruled by a predominantly Persian-speaking family of Turkic mamluk origin; Turkic identity of the dynasty is controversial.^[12] Lasted from 1097 until 1231.

Timurid dynasty^{[citation needed]}

Turkicized and Persianized dynasty of Mongol origin. Lasted from 1370 until 1506

Durrani Empire

Lasted from 1747 until 1823.

[edit] Europe

Scythia

Sarmatians

[edit] Iranian plateau and Middle East

Ayyubids

Kurdish

Mannaeans

Possibly an Indo-Iranian peoples, 10th to 7th centuries BCE.

Median Empire

First Iranian empire, lasted from 727 until 549 BCE.

Achaemenid Empire

Second Iranian empire, lasted from 559 until 330 BCE.

Parthia

Third Iranian empire, lasted from 63 BCE until 220 CE.

Sassanid Empire

Fourth Iranian empire, lasted from 226 until 651 CE.

Abbasid Caliphate^{[citation needed]}

Persianized Arab Islamic dynasty which lasted from 750 until 1258 CE.

Rawadids

Kurdicized family of original Arab descent

Buyid dynasty

Persian Shi'a dynastic confederation from Daylaman

Sajids

Sogdian dynasty ruling NW Ira from 889 A.D. to 929 A.D.

Sallarid

Daylamite dynasty ruling NW Iran from 942 A.D. to 979 A.D.

Justanid

Daylamite dynasty. From 791 A.D. to 974 A.D.

Hasanwayhid

Kurdish dynasty. Lasted from 959 until 1015 CE.

Annazid

Kurdish dynasty. Lasted from 990 until 1116 CE.

Seljuq Empire

Ruled by a Persianized Turkic dynasty of Oghuz Turkic origin. ^[10][13][14] Lasted from 1073 until 1307.

Ziyarid

Iranian dynasty that ruled in the Caspian sea provinces of Gorgan and Mazandaran. Lasted from 928 until 1043

Safavid dynasty^[15]

Fifth Iranian empire, lasted from 1502 until 1722.

Afsharid dynasty

Sixth Iranian empire, lasted from 1736 until 1796

Zand dynasty

Dynasty of Lor descent which ruled in Southern Iran, lasted from 1750 until 1794.

Qajar dynasty

Seventh Iranian empire, lasted from 1781 until 1925.

Pahlavi dynasty

Last Iranian dynasty, lasted from 1925 until 1979.

[edit] South Asia

Indo-Scythians

Pallavas

Pahlava rulers, and founders, of the Pallava Kingdom in southern India, lasting from the 6th century to the late 9th century.

Kadava kingdom

Rulers claimed descent from the Pallavas, 13th and 14th centuries.

Mughal Empire^[16]

Persianized mixed Persian, Turkic, and Mongolic Islamic Indian dynasty, lasting from April 21, 1526 to September 21, 1857.

[edit] See also

• Iranian peoples
• Ancient Iranian peoples
• Iranian languages

[edit] Notes