List of Grand Duchesses of Russia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of those members of the Russian Imperial House who bore the title Velikaia Kniaginia (Russian: Великая Княгиня) or Velikaia Knazhna (Russian: Великая Княжна) (usually translated into French and English as Grand Duchess, but more accurately Grand Princess). This courtesy title was borne (usually) by daughters and male-line granddaughters of the Emperors of Russia, as well as by wives of Grand Dukes of Russia, all along with the style of Her Imperial Highness as members of the House of the reigning Emperor.

For more information on the titles, see List of Grand Dukes of Russia.

[edit] Grand Duchesses of Russia of the House of Romanov-Holstein-Gottorp

Name Father Born Died Marriage Notes
Anna Petrovna Peter Alexeievich 1708 1728 Duke Charles Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp
Elizabeth Petrovna Peter Alexeievich 1709 1762 Alexis Grigorievich Razumovsky (uncertain marriage) ascended the throne in 1741 as Empress Elizabeth I of Russia
Natalia Alexeievna Alexis Petrovich 1714 1728 deceased unmarried
Anna Kirilovna a.k.a
regent Anna Leopoldovna
Charles Leopold of Mecklenburg 1718 1746 Duke Anton Ulrich of Brunswick
Catherine Antonovna Anton Ulrich of Brunswick 1741 1807 deceased unmarried
Elizabeth Antonovna Duke Anton Ulrich of Brunswick 1743 1782 deceased unmarried
Anna Petrovna Peter Feodorovich 1757 1759 deceased as child
Alexandra Pavlovna Pavel Petrovich 1783 1801 Archduke Joseph of Austria 
Elena Pavlovna Pavel Petrovich 1784 1803 Hereditary Prince Frederick Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin 
Maria Pavlovna Pavel Petrovich 1786 1859 Grand Duke Charles Frederick of Saxe-Weimar 
Catherine Pavlovna Pavel Petrovich 1788 1819 Duke George of Oldenburg
King William I of Württemberg 
Olga Pavlovna Pavel Petrovich 1792 1795 deceased as child 
Anna Pavlovna Pavel Petrovich 1795 1865 King William II of the Netherlands 
Maria Alexandrovna Alexander Pavlovich 1799 1800 deceased as a child 
Elizabeth Alexandrovna Alexander Pavlovich 1806 1808 deceased as child 
Maria Nikolaievna Nikolai Pavlovich 1819 1876 Duke Maximilian of Leuchtenberg
Grigori Stroganov 
Olga Nikolaievna Nikolai Pavlovich 1822 1892 King Charles I of Württemberg 
Maria Mikhailovna Mikhail Pavlovich 1825 1846 died unmarried 
Alexandra Nikolaievna Nikolai Pavlovich 1825 1844 Prince Frederik of Hesse-Kassel in Denmark 
Elizabeth Nikolaievna Nikolai Pavlovich 1826 unknown deceased as child 
Elizabeth Mikhailovna Mikhail Pavlovich 1826 1845 Prince Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg 
Catherine Mikhailovna Mikhail Pavlovich 1827 1894 Duke George of Mecklenburg-Strelitz 
Anna Mikhailovna Mikhail Pavlovich 1834 1836 deceased as a child 
Alexandra Alexandrovna Alexander Nicolaievich 1842 1849 deceased as young 
Olga Konstantinovna Konstantin Nicolaievich 1851 1926 King George I of Greece 
Maria Alexandrovna Alexander Nicolaievich 1853 1920 Duke Duke Alfred of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 
Vera Konstantinovna Konstantin Nicolaievich 1854 1912 Duke Eugen of Wurttemberg 
Anastasia Mikhailovna Mikhail Nicolaievich 1860 1922 Grand Duke Frederick Francis III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin  
Xenia Alexandrovna Alexander Alexandrovich 1875 1960 Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich of Russia 
Elena Vladimirovna Vladimir Alexandrovich 1882 1957 Prince Nicholas of Greece 
Olga Alexandrovna Alexander Alexandrovich 1882 1960 Duke Peter of Oldenburg
Nikolai Alexandrovich Kulikovsky 
Maria Pavlovna Pavel Alexandrovich 1890 1950 Duke William of Södermanland
Prince Sergei Mikhailovich Putyatin 
Olga Nikolaievna Nicholas Alexandrovich 1895 1918 deceased unmarried
Tatiana Nikolaievna Nicholas Alexandrovich 1897 1918 deceased unmarried
Maria Nikolaievna Nicholas Alexandrovich 1899 1918 deceased unmarried
Anastasia Nikolaievna Nicholas Alexandrovich 1901 1918 deceased unmarried

Interestingly enough, after 1918 no such daughter was born into the deposed imperial house who would have been entitled to the title grand duchess - i.e, had been a male-line granddaughter of a reigning emperor; although such would have been technically possible, as there lived sons of reigning emperors and their daughters would have been so entitled.

[edit] Grand Duchesses of Russia by marriage

Name Husband Date of marriage Born Died Notes
Charlotte of Brunswick-Lüneburg Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich 25 October 1711 29 August 1694 13 November 1715  
Catherine Alexeievna of Anhalt-Zerbst Peter Fedorovich 1 September 1745 2 May 1729 17 November 1796 became Empress Consort when her husband succeeded as Emperor Peter III in 1762 and became Empress Regnant 9 July 1762 when deposing her husband
Natalia Alexeievna of Hesse-Darmstadt Pavel Petrovich 10 October 1773 25 June 1755 26 April 1776 her husband later succeeded as Emperor Pavel I in 1796
Maria Fyodorovna of Württemberg Pavel Petrovich 7 October 1776 25 October 1759 5 November 1828 became Empress when her husband succeeded as Emperor Pavel I in 1796
Elizabeth Alexeievna of Baden Alexander Pavlovich 9 October 1793 24 January 1779 16 May 1826 became Empress when her husband succeeded as Emperor Alexander I in 1801
Anna Fyodorovna of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Constantine Pavlovich 26 February 1796 23 September 1781 15 August 1860 divorced 1820  
Alexandra Fyodorovna of Prussia Nicholas Pavlovich 13 July 1817 13 July 1798 1 November 1860 became Empress when her husband succeeded as Emperor Nicholas I in 1825
Elena Pavlovna of Württemberg Michael Pavlovich 19 February 1824 9 January 1807 2 February 1873  
Maria Alexandrovna of Hesse-Darmstadt Alexander Nicolaievich 28 April 1841 8 August 1824 3 June 1880 became Empress when her husband succeeded as Emperor Alexander II in 1855
Alexandra Iosifovna of Saxe-Altenburg Constantine Nicolaievich 11 September 1848 8 July 1830 6 July 1911  
Alexandra Petrovna of Oldenburg Nicholas Nicolaievich 6 February 1856 2 June 1838 25 April 1900  
Olga Fyodorovna of Baden Michael Nicolaievich 28 August 1857 20 September 1839 12 April 1891  
Maria Fyodorovna of Denmark Alexander Alexandrovich 9 November 1866 26 November 1847 13 October 1928 became Empress when her husband succeeded as Emperor Alexander III in 1881
Maria Pavlovna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Vladimir Alexandrovich 28 August 1874 14 May 1854 6 September 1920  
Elizabeth Mavrikievna of Saxe-Altenburg Constantine Constantinovich 27 April 1884 25 January 1865 24 March 1927  
Elizabeth Fyodorovna of Hesse-Darmstadt Sergei Alexandrovich 15 June 1884 1 November 1864 17 or 18 July 1918  
Alexandra Georgievna of Greece Pavel Alexandrovich 17 June 1889 30 August 1870 24 September 1891  
Militsa Nicolaievna of Montenegro Peter Nicolaievich 26 July 1889 26 July 1866 5 September 1951  
Alexandra Fyodorovna of Hesse-Darmstadt Nicholas Alexandrovich 26 November 1894 6 June 1872 17 July 1918 designated a Grand Duchess of Russia during her conversion to Orthodoxy. became Empress upon the marriage to Nicholas II in 1894
Maria Georgievna of Greece George Mikhailovich 12 May 1900 3 March 1876 14 December 1940  
Victoria Fyodorovna of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Kirill Vladimirovich 8 October 1905 25 November 1876 2 March 1936  
Anastasia Nicolaievna of Montenegro Nicholas Nicolaievich 29 April 1907 4 January 1868 25 January 1929  

Although male grand dukes of Russia (sons or male-line grandsons of reigning emperors) existed after 1918, when the imperial house was deposed, none of them contracted an equal marriage after that date; so the title grand duchess was not gained by marriage thereafter - though it would have been technically possible.

Note that a Grand Duke or Grand Duchess as a translation is not necessarily associated with a Grand Duchy; see the relevant articles for more information.

A Russian Grand Duchess was an Imperial Highness.

[edit] See also

Languages