List of Dacian plant names

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This is a list of plant names in Dacian, an ancient language of South Eastern Europe, from Dioscorides' De Materia Medica (abb. MM) and Pseudo-Apuleius' Herbarius (abb. Herb.). Dacian plant names are one of the primary sources left to us for studying the Dacian language. This list also includes a Bessian plant name and a Moesian plant name, neighboring Daco-Thracian tribes.

A separate list exists containing Romanian words of possible Dacian origin that form the Eastern Romance substratum.

Dacian	English	Botanical	Notes
Adila	Bistort [1] Arum [2]	Persicaria bistorta, also classified as Polygonum bistorta [3] Arum maculatum [4]	^  primary source for this meaning as yet unidentified ^  Herb., 14
Amalusta, Amolusta [5], Amulusta	Chamomile	Matricaria recutita or Anthemis tinctoria	^  Herb. 23; possibly related to Albanian ëmbël, ambël "sweet".[1]
Aniarsexe, Aniassexie	Sainfoin a.k.a. Cock's Head	Onobrychis caput galii
Aprus	Gladwin Iris	Iris foetidissima
Arpopria, Arborria	Climbing Ivy	Hedera helix
Asa	Coltsfoot	Tussilago farfara	actually, a Bessian plant name.
Aurumetti, Aurimetellum	Cranesbill a.k.a. Crow's Foot, Wild Geranium ?	Geranium sylvaticum or Ranunculus serdous?	MM 2.175, Herb. 67
Azila	Hound's Tongue	Cynoglossum	Probably a variant of Usazila (see below)
Bles, Blis	Purple Amaranth	Amaranthus blitum
Budalla, Budama, Budathala, Budathla	Anchusa	Anchusa italica
Caropithla, Karopithla	Yellow Serradella Common Polypody	Ornithopus compressus Polypodium vulgare
Cercer, Cerceraphron, Kerker, Kerkeraphron	Pimpernel	Anagallis
Chodela, Khodela	Ground Pine	Lycopodium (Lycopodium clavatum or Lycopodium annotitum / Lycopodium dubium?)
Cinouboila, Cinuboila, Kinouboila, Kinuboila	Wild Pumpkin White Bryony. White Grape	Cucurbita foetidissima Bryonia alba Vitis	a compound of kinu "dog" and oboila "apple", akin to Lithuanian šúnobuolas "wild pumpkin", Thracian dinupula, sinupyla "id", Albanian thënukël "dogberry"[2]
Coadama, Koadama	Pondweed	Potamogeton zosteraefolium
Coicolida, Koikolida	Nightshade	Atropa belladonna	the first element koiko means "one-eyed" or "blind", and is akin to Latin caecus "blind", Irish caoch "one-eyed", Goth haihs "one-eyed", Sanskrit kekara "squint-eyed"
Cotiata, Kotiata	Switchgrass	Panicum dactylum	also refers to genus Agropyron?
Courionnecum, Couriounnecum, Curiounnecum, Kourionnekoum	Arum	Arum
Coustane, Croustane, Crustane, Custane, Koustane, Kroustane, Krustane, Kustane	Greater celandine or Lesser celandine	Chelidonium majus or Ranunculus ficaria
Cycolis, Kykolis	PGroundcherry or Ashwagandha	Physalis sp. or Withania somnifera
Dacina, Dakina	Beet False Helleborine	Beta vulgaris Veratrum nigrum	the Moesian name for these plants was Mendruta (see below)
Dicotella	White Bryony	Bryonia alba
Dielina, Dielleina, Diellena	Henbane	Hyoscyamos niger
Diesapter	Mullein	Verbascum
Diessathel	Wavyleaf Mullein	Verbascum sinuatum	from IE *diwes-sētlo; where the second element meant "sieve" (cf. Old Norse sáld "sieve", Welsh hidl "strainer", Lithuanian sėkla "seed", Greek ēthein "to strain", Old Church Slavonic sito)[3]
Diesema	Mullein	Verbascum	from IE *diyes eusmn. "burning sky" (cf. Latin dies "day", Greek heúein "to burn") and similar to German Himmelbrand "mullein", literally "burning heavens" [4].
Diodela, Duodela, Duodella, Ziodela	Yarrow? Chamomile Sweet Marjoram	Achillea millefolium? Matricaria recutita Origanum majorana
Dracontos	Rosemary	Rosmarinus officinalis
Dokela	Bugle	Ajuga iva
Dyn	Nettle	Urtica
Ebustrone	Lesser celandine	Ranunculus ficaria	From Pseudo-Apuleis
Gonoleta, Gouoleta, Guoleta, Guolete	Gromwell	Lithospermum tenuiflorum
Hormea, Hormia	Annual Clary	Salvia horminum
Lax	Purslane	Portulaca oleracea
Manteia, Mantia	Wooly Blackberry	Rubus tomentosus
Mendruta	Beet False Helleborine	Beta vulgaris Veratrum nigrum	Actually, a Moesian plant name
Mizela, Mizila, Mozula, Mouzula	Thyme	Thymus
Nemenepsa	Ground Pine	Lycopodium
Olma	Danewort	Sambucus ebulus
Parithia, Parthia	Dog's Tooth Grass	Cynodon ?
Pegrina	White Bryony	Bryonia alba
Phithophthethela	Maidenhair fern	Adiantum
Polpum	Dill	Anethum graveolens
Priadela, Priadila	White Bryony or Black Bryony	Bryonia alba or Tamus communis
Probedula, Procedila [6], Propedila, Propedula, Propodila	Creeping Cinquefoil	Potentilla reptans	^  Procedila< Prokedila, probably a scribal error for *Probedila, a graphic confusion between β/κ being rather common in Greek manuscripts. Compare to the Gaulish name for this plant, Pempedula (five-leaved).
Prodiarna, Prodiorna	Black Hellebore	Helleborus niger
Rathibida	Italian Aster	Aster amellus
Riborasta	Burdock	Arctium
Salia	Anise Stinking Tutsan	Pimpinella tragium Hypericum hircunum
Seba	Elderberry	Sambucus
Skiare	Wild Teasel	Dipsacus sylvestris or Dipsacus fullonum sylvestris
Skinpoax, Sipoax, Spioax	Broadleaf Plantain	Plantago major
Sikupnoex, Sikupnux	Eryngo	Eryngium campestre
Stirsozila	Centaury	Centaurium erythraea, formerly classified as Erythraea centaurium	from Pseudo-Apuleis
Tanidila	Catmint	Nepeta
Teudila	Peppermint or Horsemint or Calamint?	Mentha x piperita or Mentha sylvestris or Calamintha?
Troutrastra, Trutrastra, Tutrastra	Pumpkin Colocynth	Cucurbita Citrullus colocynthis
Toulbela, Tulbela	Centaury	Centaurium erythraea, formerly classified as Erythraea centaurium
Usazila	Hound's Tongue	Cynoglossum	Probably a variant of Azila (see above)
Zena	Poison Hemlock	Conium maculatum
Zired	Redstem Wormwood	Artemisia scoparia
Zououster, Zuste, Zuuster	Wormwood	Artemisia arborescens or campestris

[edit] References

[edit] See also

• List of Dacian words