List of Caribbean idiophones
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of idiophones used in the Caribbean music area, including the islands of the Caribbean Sea, as well as the musics of Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Bahamas, and Bermuda.
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| Instrument | Tradition | Description | Image |
|---|---|---|---|
| agogó | See agogoró' | - | - |
| agogoró'[1] agogó |
Cuba | Hoe blade, struck with a nail or other heavy object Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.221 |
- |
| akanikã[1] |
Cuba | Belt with many attached bells Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.242.222 |
- |
| asson[2][3] baksor, asson can also refer to the ogan in Northern Haiti |
Haiti | Hollow calabash with a hole, which the player plugs during performance, where the stem used to be, covered in beaded webbing Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| assot[3] |
Haiti | Wooden board, sometimes attached to a tymbale Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| arwé-koesolé | See bakosó' | - | - |
| assongwé [1] |
Cuba | Rattle made of tin, with both ends conical and an attached handle, used by Arara priests Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.13 |
- |
| atcheré[1] guïro |
Cuba | Oblong rattle made from a gourd, and covered with a network of webbing laced with nuts or beads Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.12 |
- |
| bakosó[1] arwé-koesolé |
Cuba | Large rattle made from a calabash, and covered with a network of webbing laced with nuts or beads Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.12 |
- |
| baksor | See asson | - | - |
| banká[1] ekón, ekóng |
Cuba | Metal bell, struck with a wooden stick, location of the strike determines pitch Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.242.121 |
- |
| base-bum | See steelpan | - | - |
| base-kettle | See steelpan | - | - |
| bell[4] |
Trinidad and Tobago | Hand bell, used in the Spiritual Baptist musical tradition Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| bell, Lucumí[1] |
Cuba | Bell with an external striker Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.242.121 |
- |
| belly | See steelpan | - | - |
| bench[4] |
Trinidad and Tobago | Ordinary sitting bench, used spontaneously by banging against the ground in the Spiritual Baptist musical tradition Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| bois bourrique | See vaccine | - | - |
| boli[2] chac-chac, shack-shack, xaque-xaque (Brazil), chacha (Cuba) |
Trinidad and Tobago | Hollow calabash with a hole, which the player plugs during performance, where the stem used to be, covered in beaded webbing, used in the Shango cult Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| cajon [1] |
Cuba and Puerto Rico | Wooden box played as a bass drum, with hands held in front of the face, often while sitting on the instrument while playing Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.2 |
- |
| cata[3] |
Haiti | Two types of beating tubes: a length of bamboo laid upon two y-shaped sticks in the ground, and a hollow wooden cylinder; both are beaten with sticks Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| catá[5] |
Cuba | Hollowed out trunk hit with two sticks, used in yuka, term also used for a rumba rhythm Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| cencerro[1] gangária, San Martin (for secular uses only) |
Cuba | Large cowbell with no clapper, struck on the outside, used in many kinds of Cuban folk and popular music Hornbostel-Sachs: ? |
- |
| chac-chac | See shak-shak | - | - |
| chacha | See shak-shak | - | - |
| chekere[2] |
Cuba | Hollow calabash with a hole, which the player plugs during performance, where the stem used to be, covered in beaded webbing Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| claves[3][1][6] |
Cuba and Haiti | Cylindrical percussive sticks of African origin, made from hardwood trees like acana, quiebrahacha, guayaca¡n, and granadillo Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.1 |
- |
| dentlé | See dentli | - | - |
| dentli[3] dentlé |
Haiti | Notched stick played with a bamboo scraping blade Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.211 |
- |
| dhantal[7] |
Indo-Caribbean Trinidad and Tobago,Guyana and Suriname | Steel rod, adapted from a piece of a yoke and hit with a beater in a horseshoe-shape, used in chutney Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| door [1] |
Cuba | Normal door, beaten with a hand, integral component of the Yambú dance Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.221 |
- |
| double-conical rattle[1] |
Cuba | Double-conical rattle, made of tin and held horizontally, known in Jovellanos Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.13 |
- |
| ekón | See banká | - | - |
| ekóng | See banká | - | - |
| ericúnde | See erikúnde | - | - |
| erikúnde[1] ericúnde |
Cuba | Tubular rattle with a looping basket-shaped handle, filled with chunks of wood Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.13 |
- |
| gangária | See cencerro | - | - |
| geared rattle[3] kwa-kwa |
Haiti | Rattle, used in Rara ceremonies Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| grage[3] |
Haiti | Metal scraper with small, closely-spaced holes, played with a piece of wire or nail Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.23 |
- |
| grind organ [1] |
Cuba | Integral component of the Yambú dance Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| güira [8] |
Dominican Republic | Sheet of metal shaped into a tube, used in bachata and merengue Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| güira | See güiro | - | - |
| guïro[1] güayo |
Cuba | Generic term for any instrument made from a gourd, especially a scraper Hornbostel-Sachs: NA |
- |
| guïro[1] |
Cuba | Oblong rattle made from pieces of tin, and covered with a network of webbing laced with nuts or beads, known in Matanzas Province Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.12 |
- |
| güayo [6] |
Puerto Rico | Used in bomba and plena Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| erimé[1] |
Cuba | Set of four rattles attached to a pair of crossed sticks Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.13 |
- |
| iron[9] |
Surinamese Maroons | Pieces of any available metal struck together Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.1 |
- |
| iron tube, Lucumí[1] |
Cuba | Hollow iron tube with a slit along the side, played with an external striker Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.242.121 |
- |
| guataca |
Cuba | Cowbell, played using a striker Hornbostel-Sachs: ? |
- |
| jhanj |
Trinidad and Tobago | Pair of large cymbals Hornbostel-Sachs: ? |
- |
| kwa-kwa[3] tcha-tcha, tcha-kwa |
Haiti | Empty gourd filled with seeds; can also refer to the geared rattle Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.13 |
- |
| kwakwa[10] |
Surinamese Maroons | Bench with a wooden top, played with two sticks, from a squatting position Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| malimba | See marimba | - | - |
| manimba | See marimba | - | - |
| manimbula | See marimba | - | - |
| maraca [2][1] marúga (Matanzas Province only) |
Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico and elsewhere | Rattle found in Jamaica and across the Greater Antilles, made from a hollow gourd, often a calabash, and filled with dried seeds Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.13 |
- |
| marimba | See marimbula | - | - |
| marimba[3] malimba, manimba, manimbula |
Haiti | Box mounted with strips that can be plucked Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.2 |
- |
| marimbula[1][6][11] marimba (Dominican Republic only) |
Cuba, introduced to the Dominican Republic and elsewhere | Box mounted with metal strips that can be plucked, used as a bass instrument in rural folk genres like son Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.2 |
- |
| marúga | See maraca | - | - |
| mayohavau[12] mayahuacan |
Puerto Rico | Slit drum made of thin wood, shaped like an elongated gourd, originally of Taino origin Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.231 |
- |
| mayahuacan | See mayohavau | - | - |
| oga | See ogan (Cuba) | - | - |
| ogan[1] |
Cuba | Iron bell, held upside down and struck with a beater, used among the Arara Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.242.121 |
- |
| ogan, double[1] |
Cuba | Pair of ogan, used in mourning music among the Arara Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.242.221 |
- |
| ogan[3] asson |
Haiti | Pieces of chain or other metal struck together Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.1 |
- |
| quijara de burro[1] |
Cuba | Jawbone of a burro, teeth acting as rattles Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.122 |
- |
| quinto[1] |
Cuba | Box with two sloping sides, tapped with the fingers percussively Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.2 |
- |
| rattle[9] |
Surinamese Maroons | Rattle used in both secular and religious purposes, with a specific rhythm for the spirit associated with each ritual Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.13 |
- |
| rattle-bracelet [1] |
Cuba | Bracelets with attached nuts and seeds, worn by drummers in the Kimbísa tradition Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.112 |
- |
| rumba box[13] |
Jamaica | Maroon instrument used to accompany social dancing, wooden box with three metal brackets on one side Hornbostel-Sachs: 2 |
- |
| San Martin | See cencerro | - | - |
| shack-shack | See shak-shak | - | - |
| shak-shak[2] chac-chac, shack-shack, xaque-xaque (Brazil), chacha (Cuba) |
Lesser Antilles | Rattle, made from a dried gourd, often a calabash, and filled with dried seeds, with a handle attached where the calabash stem formerly was, not normally decorated or painted, may be placed in a pair Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| shak-shak[2] |
Saint Lucia and other Francophone islands | Rattle, made from a pair of tin cans, emptied, then filled with a few loose pebbles and soldered shut Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| shak-shak[2] |
Lesser Antilles | Improvised rattle, made from a single tin can and a few loose pebbles, often played by children practicing for the use of the more common shak-shak or adults at impromptu occasions Hornbostel-Sachs: 112.13 |
- |
| shekeres |
Cuba | Gourd rattle, strung with seeds or beeds Hornbostel-Sachs: ? |
- |
| shepherd's crook[4] |
Trinidad and Tobago | Staff, used spontaneously by banging against the ground in the Spiritual Baptist musical tradition Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| spoons [1] |
Cuba | Pair of normal spoons beaten together, integral component of the Yambú dance Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.141 |
- |
| steeldrum | See steelpan | - | - |
| steelpan[14] steeldrum, tock-tock, belly, base kettle, base bum |
Trindad and Tobago originally, now widespread | Made from tempered metal drums, tuned chromatically; not a true drum in that it is an idiophone, not a membranophone Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.2 |
- |
| tamboo-bamboo[15] |
Trinidad and Tobago | Tuned bamboo stomping tubes, used as a substitute percussion instrument when drums were outlawed Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
| tcha-kwa | See kwa-kwa | - | - |
| tcha-tcha | See kwa-kwa | - | - |
| tibwa[16] |
Saint Lucia | Wooden sticks, played against the rim of a ka, or against a bamboo tube or a log sitting on a stand Hornbostel-Sachs: 2 |
- |
| tock-tock | See steelpan | - | - |
| vaccine[3] bois bourrique |
Haiti | Bamboo trumpet, played as an idiophone by tapping it with sticks Hornbostel-Sachs: 111.2 |
- |
| wacharaca[17] matrimonial |
Curaçao | Metal disks attached to a wooden board Hornbostel-Sachs: 1 |
- |
[edit] References
- Manuel, Peter (1988). Popular Musics of the Non-Western World: An Introductory Survey. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195063341.
[edit] Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Courlander, Harold (April 1942). "Musical Instruments of Cuba". The Musical Quarterly 28 (2): 227–240. doi:.
- ^ a b c d e f g Crowley, Daniel J. (September 1958). "The Shak-Shak in the Lesser Antilles". Ethnomusicology 2 (3): 112–115. doi:.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Courlander, Harold (July 1941). "Musical Instruments of Haiti". The Musical Quarterly 27 (3): 371–383. doi:.
- ^ a b c Glazier, Stephen D. (Spring - Summer 1997). "Embedded Truths: Creativity and Context in Spiritual Baptist Music". Latin American Music Review / Revista de Música Latinoamericana' 18 (1): 44–56. doi:.
- ^ Hill, Donald R. (Spring - Autumn 1998). "West African and Haitian Influences on the Ritual and Popular Music of Carriacou, Trinidad, and Cuba". Black Music Research Journal 18 (1/2): 183–201. doi:.
- ^ a b c Manuel, pg. 30
- ^ Ramnarine, Tina K. (1998). ""Brotherhood of the Boat": Musical Dialogues in a Caribbean Context". British Journal of Ethnomusicology 7: 1–22.
- ^ Manuel, pg. 43
- ^ a b Goines, Leonard (Spring 1975). "The Black Perspective in Music" 3 (1): 40–44.
- ^ Goines, Leonard (Spring 1975). "The Black Perspective in Music" 3 (1): 40–44.
- ^ Manuel, pg. 43
- ^ Puerto Rican Instruments. Puerto Rico Guide. Retrieved on March 10, 2007.
- ^ DjeDje, Jacqueline Cogdell (Spring - Autumn 1998). "Remembering Kojo: History, Music, and Gender in the January Sixth Celebration of the Jamaican Accompong Maroons". Black Music Research Journal 18 (1/2): 67–120. doi:.
- ^ McDaniel, Lorna (1999). "Trinidad and Tobago", Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume Two: South America, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. Routledge, 952-967. ISBN 0-8153-1865-0.
- ^ Brown, Ernest D. (1990). "Carnival, Calypso, and Steelband in Trinidad". The Black Perspective in Music 18 (1/2): 81–100. doi:.
- ^ Guilbault, Jocelyne. "Saint Lucia", Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume Two: South America, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.
- ^ Bilby, Kenneth. "Netherlands Antilles and Aruba", New Grove Encyclopedia of Music.
