List of Canna cultivars
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a gallery of named canna cultivars, representative of the various Canna cultivar groups. Names of cultivars are regulated by the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants, are registered with an International Cultivar Registration Authority (ICRA) and conform to the rules of the International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS) Commission for Nomenclature and Cultivar Registration. The ICRA for the Canna genus is the Royal General Bulbgrowers' Association of the Netherlands (KAVB).
Where several very similar cultivars exist, these are termed Cultivar Groups. For more details on the naming conventions see Cultivar Naming.
Contents |
[edit] Foliage Group
Cultivars, F1 and F2 hybrids, normally with small species-like flowers, but grown principally for their foliage.[1][2][3] This group has occasionally been referred to as the Année Group, after the originator. However, the use of a non-English character in the name creates problems, both in pronunciation and keyboard entry, that it was felt that as they were grown primarily for foliage, then that was the better name choice.[1]
 Canna 'Argentina', I. Cooke 1999 |
 Canna 'Auguste Ferrier' |
 Canna (Agriculture Group) 'Edulis Dark' |
 Canna 'Ferrandii' |
 Canna 'Musaefolia Grande', H. Kelly Jnr. |
 Canna 'Intrigue' |
 Canna 'Omega' |
 Canna 'Russian Lance', Dalebö 2001 |
[edit] Crozy Group
A cultivar group where the flower spikes are arranged close together on the stalk and have narrow to medium petals. There is always space between the staminodes when arranged formally, and the labellum (lip) is smaller than the staminodes, and is often twisted or curled.[1][4][3][2]
The pioneer of this group was Monsieur Crozy of Lyons, France, who started breeding Cannas as early as 1862, from stock originally developed by Monsieur Année the world's first Canna hybridizer.[5][3][2]
They are sometimes referred to as gladiolus flowering cannas, but describing flowers as similar to another genus is not to be encouraged.[6] In the past, they were sometimes called the x generalis L.H. Bailey garden species, but "pretend" garden species have long been replaced by Cultivar Groups in the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants.
 Canna 'Anette Dalebö', Dalebö 2006 |
 Canna 'Antonin Crozy', Crozy |
 Canna 'Apricot Dream', K. Kelly |
|
 Canna 'Königen Charlotte', Pfitzer 1893 |
 Canna 'Madame Crozy', Crozy 1890 |
 Canna 'Pretty Butterfly', M. Sheppard |
 Canna 'Souvenir de Madame Nardy', Crozy |
[edit] Italian Group
A cultivar group with large, fragile staminodes. Flowers are arranged somewhat loosely, with wide petals, so wide that there is no space between them, when arranged formally. The labellum (lip) is larger, or at least as large, as the staminodes, unlike the other groups where it is smaller and sometimes curled. The stamen is also much wider than that in the other cultivar groups.[1][4][3][2]
Also, used to be called the orchid flowering cannas, or x orchiodes L.H. Bailey garden species[3][2][6], although such "pretend" species are now deprecated in favour of Cultivar Groups. In any event, it is difficult to see the similarity between this group and orchids.[6]
Most of this group obtained its larger sized flowers from the introduction of Canna flaccida in the early 1890s by Dr Sprenger in Naples, Italy followed shortly afterwards by Luther Burbank in California, USA, with the same cross.[3][2]
 Canna 'Allemania', Sprenger 1896 |
 Canna 'American Flag', Wintzer 1902 |
 Canna 'Austria', Sprenger 1893 |
 Canna 'Bavaria, Sprenger 1895 |
 Canna 'Burbank', Burbank 1895 |
 Canna 'Burgundia', Sprenger 1896 |
 Canna 'Italia', Sprenger 1893 |
 Canna 'Mrs Kate Gray' |
 Canna 'Parténope', Sprenger 1897 |
 Canna 'Red King Humbert' |
 Canna 'Roma', Sprenger 1896 |
|
 Canna 'Uncle Sam' Wintzer |
 Canna 'Wyoming' Burbank |
[edit] Premier Group
This grouping contains cultivars that have a large, circular shape, without gaps between the staminodes. These are derived from triploids and crosses with the Italian Group cultivars.[1][7][3][2]
 Canna 'Aida', Howard & Smith 1920's |
 Canna 'Eureka' |
 Canna 'Porcelaine Petals', J.K. Johnson |
 Canna 'Alice Harris', C.L. Palmer 2006 |
[edit] Variegated Group
Cultivars with variegated foliage, regardless of what other Group they may belong to.[1][3][2][6]
[edit] Conservatory Group
The growing conditions in a Conservatory are quite specialised and do not suit many cultivars, this group have been selected for thriving in this environment, required features being plant vigor, early flowering, foliar appearance, self-cleaning ability and good propagation qualities. The originator of this group was Robert Armstrong (geneticist) whilst he was working at Longwood Gardens in the USA in 1967.[8]
 Canna 'Chesapeake', Armstrong |
 Canna 'Constitution', Armstrong |
 Canna 'Lenape', Armstrong |
[edit] Aquatic Group
Cultivars that thrive as marginal water plants. Characteristically, they will have lance-shaped foliage and long, thin rhizomes.[1][3][2][6][8]
 Canna 'Endeavour', Armstrong |
 Canna 'Erebus', Armstrong |
 Canna 'Erebus', Armstrong |
 Canna 'Ra', Armstrong |
[edit] Miniature Group
Cultivars growing under 0.5m (19") in height, the flowers should be in scale to the rest of the plant.[1][3]
 Canna 'Puck' |
 Canna 'Flameche' |
 Canna 'Florian' B. Yorke 2007 |
 Canna 'Oberon', Dalebö 2006 |
[edit] Agriculture Group
Cultivars grown selectively for agricultural usage, normally for their very large rhizomes and a high starch yield. See Canna Agriculture Group for more details.[1][2][9][10]
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Canna 'Edulis Dark' |
 Canna 'Queensland Arrowroot' |
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Canna News: Canna cultivar groups
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Khoshoo, T.N. & Guha, I. - Origin and Evolution of Cultivated Cannas. Vikas Publishing House
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Percy-Lancaster, S. (1927) An Indian Garden.
- ^ a b Canna News: Comparison of Crozy and Italian Groups
- ^ Chaté, E. (1867). Le Canna, son histoire, sa culture. Libraire Centrale d'Agriculture et de Jardinage
- ^ a b c d e Cooke, Ian. (2001). The Gardener's Guide to Growing Canna, Timber Press. ISBN 978-0881925135
- ^ Canna News: Premier Group
- ^ a b Plant Introductions by Robert Armstrong
- ^ Tanaka, N. 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Makinoa ser. 2, 1:34–43.
- ^ Fang, Yang; Wang PingHua, Xie ShiQing, Zhang WeiGuang, Fang DeHua (2004). "Technique of scarifying and fermenting process of Canna starch.". Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences 17 (2): 231-234.
