List of Americans in the Venona papers

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Originally declassified by Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Chairman of the bipartisan Commission on Government Secrecy, the Venona project and its associated documentation, contains codenames of several hundred individuals mentioned in decrypted Soviet intelligence transmissions.[1][2] Most of the codenames have been identified by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Central Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency and other academics and historians by using a combination of circumstantial evidence, corroborating testimony from Eastern Bloc defectors, direct surveillance, informants and a number of other means.[3] A number of academics and historians believe that most of the following individuals were either clandestine assets and/or contacts of Soviet Intelligence.[4][5].

To what extent any given individual named in the Venona papers was actually involved with Soviet intelligence is a topic of dispute. While a number of academics and historians assert that most of the individuals mentioned in the Venona papers were likely either clandestine assets and/or contacts of Soviet intelligence[6][7] others argue that many of them probably had no ill intent and committed no crimes.[8][9][10]

Contents

[edit] Notes on the list

The following list of individuals is extracted in part from the work of John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr[2]; as well as others listed in the references below.

Twenty-four persons targeted for recruitment remain uncorroborated as to it being accomplished. These individuals are marked with an asterisk (*).

Names marked with a double asterisk (**) do not appear in the Venona documents. They have been inferred, by various researchers, to correlate with codenames or similarly spelled names found in the documents.

Similarly, identities that have been inferred by researchers (i.e., the name appears in the Venona documents, but positive identification of the individual bearing that name does not), are also marked with a double asterisk (**).


[edit] References

[edit] Footnotes

  1. ^ "Secrecy : The American Experience". Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Yale University Press; December 1, 1999. ISBN 0-300-080794
  2. ^ a b "Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America, Appendix A". John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999. ISBN 0-300-08462-5
  3. ^ "The Venona story", Robert L. Benson, National Security Agency Center for Cryptologic History; January 1, 2001.
  4. ^ "How VENONA was Declassified", Robert L. Benson, Symposium of Cryptologic History; October 27, 2005.
  5. ^ "Tangled Treason", Sam Tanenhaus, The New Republic, 1999.
  6. ^ "How VENONA was Declassified", Robert L. Benson, Symposium of Cryptologic History; October 27, 2005.
  7. ^ "Tangled Treason", Sam Tanenhaus, The New Republic, 1999.
  8. ^ Cold War Ghosts.
  9. ^ Tales from decrypts. The Nation, 28 October 1996, pp. 5-6.
  10. ^ Schrecker, Ellen. Comments on John Earl Haynes', "The Cold War Debate Continues: A Traditionalist View of Historical Writing on Domestic Communism and Anti-Communism". Retrieved on 2006-06-27.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed Haynes, John Earl (February), Cover Name, Cryptonym, CPUSA Party Name, Pseudonym, and Real Name Index: A Research Historian's Working Reference, <http://www.johnearlhaynes.org/page66.html#_ftn3>. Retrieved on 29 April 2007 
  12. ^ Haynes notes on the appearance of codename Son/Syn in the Verona documents, "unidentified in NSA/FBI notes but clearly Rudy Baker in SECRET WORLD"
  13. ^ Haynes' notes state: "Burns, Paul, NSA/FBI shows as Berne and Bernay, but clearly is ti[sic] Burns."
  14. ^ Haynes notes: "a Chilean, married to American Lorren Hay, a captain in Marines"
  15. ^ Polish citizen, U.S. resident 1912-47 (Haynes, 2007)
  16. ^ "Graze, Gerald = Arena. one single reference to Graze as Arena in corrected proof but removed in final: and reference to Graze as Dan in uncorrected proof but removed in the corrected. [source Weinstein Vassiliev Haunted Wood]" (Haynes, 2007)
  17. ^ Haynes notes: "source in Perlo group, identified as having cover name Tan in uncorrected proof, but Tan's identify redacted in final, but Magdoff still identified as a source: source Weinstein Haunted Wood)"
  18. ^ Haynes notes: "redacted in 239 1945" (Haynes, 2007)
  19. ^ Haynes, 2007, notes that the positive identification of Setaro with codenames "Zhan" and "Gonets" was redacted in the Venona documents
  20. ^ Haynes notes: "Sobell, Morton = Rele = Relay = Sebr = Serb but identification unclear ??"
  21. ^ Haynes notes: "Witczak, Ignacy = V (in Los Angeles, Witczak was [sic] false papers taken from real Witczak a Polish Jew migrant to Canada who died in Spain. [source Stephenson Intrepid's Last]"

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[edit] External links