Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy

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Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD) was a rebel group in Liberia that was active from 1999 until after the peace accords that ended the Second Liberian Civil War in 2003. The group may now be almost dissolved.

The group's only stated political purpose during the civil war that followed its rebellion against President Charles Taylor was to force him out of office. It was believed that the group was strongly supported or controlled by the government of neighboring Guinea, and it has been accused of widespread atrocities during its war against Taylor's government. This was proven after the group's first incursion in April of 2000 on Lofa County, the border area between Guinea and Liberia.

The group controlled northern Liberia and had its headquarters at Tubmanburg in Bomi County. A large majority of the group's fighters were Muslims from the Mandingo and Khran ethnic groups. On June 4, 2003, the group laid siege to Liberia's capital, Monrovia, and assaulted the city during several bloody battles, although it was unable to capture it. During the siege, the group was accused of firing mortar shells into civilian areas of the city, killing dozens, if not hundreds of people.

However, independent investigations conducted by civil society groupings said the widespread death caused was also due to Charles Taylor's "Anti Terrorist Unit" and other militias.

LURD's successes in occupying northern Liberia and besieging Monrovia, in addition to the successes of another rebel group in southern Liberia (the Movement for Democracy in Liberia, or MODEL) and heavy pressure from the United States and the international community, effectively forced President Taylor to resign and go into exile in Nigeria on August 11, 2003, as part of a peace agreement. A transitional government headed by Gyude Bryant was established on October 14, and it included many representatives of LURD, most notably one of its founders, George Dweh, as speaker of parliament.

In January 2004, LURD was divided by a power struggle between its chairman, Sekou Conneh, and his wife Aisha Conneh, who is an adviser to the President of Guinea, Lansana Conté. The group has promised to disarm as part of the 2003 peace agreement, although it has been accused of simply moving most of its weapons into safe keeping across the border in Sierra Leone. In June 2004, Chayee Doe, the vice chairman of LURD, was briefly appointed chairman despite an illness, but died two days later. Chayee Doe was the younger brother of the late president Samuel Doe.[1]

George Dweh was suspended indefinitely as Speaker of the House of Representatives on April 28, 2005 along with his deputy Eddington Varmah and Ways, Means & Finance's Committee Chairman Tarplah Doe for widespread corruption.

The United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) have completed the disarmament of 100,000 ex-combatants from LURD, MODEL and the ex-government of Liberia. The process commenced on December 7, 2003 but was abruptly stopped after militia men demanded money for handing in their guns. The process re-commenced and each ex-combatant received 300 United States dollars.