Lerma, Mexico State
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Lerma (de Villada) | |
| Country |  Mexico |
|---|---|
| State | Mexico State |
| Municipality | Municipality of Lerma |
| Founded | |
| Government | |
| - Municipal President | |
| Time zone | CST (UTC-6) |
| Postal code | |
Lerma de Villada is the seat of the municipality of Lerma in State of Mexico in Mexico. It is located next to San Mateo Atenco, 10 kilometers west of Ocoyoacac and only 20 minutes east by car from Toluca. Its original Náhuatl name was Cacamilhuacan which means 'where there are birds in the grain or in the cornfield'. After the Conquest, the Spaniards renamed the area Santa Clara. Lerma is located in the Valley of Toluca, also called the Valley of the Matlatzinco or of Nepintahihui. [1]
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[edit] The city of Lerma de Villada
In the region known in early colonial times as Santa Clara, Martín Reolín Varejón, founded the present-day city of Lerma, naming it in honor of the Duke of Lerma in Spain. However, legend says that the village had been previously established by a group of Matlatzincas and Otomis. The area was conquered by the Aztecs in 1426. Two important battles of the Mexican War of Independence took place in and near the city of Lerma. The first was the Battle of Las Cruces, which occurred on October 30, 1810, when Miguel Hidalgo defeated royalist forces, and the other is the Battle of Lerma, which took place on May 20, 1812 when only a thousand poorly-armed men managed to defend the city.[1]
According to INEGI 2005 census, the city had a population of 16,827.[2]
January 6: Feast day of Nuestro Señor de la Caña.
August 12: Feast of Santa Clara de la montaña [3]
[edit] The municipality of Lerma
As municipal seat, Lerma de Villada has governing jurisdiction over the following communities: Amomolulco., Barranca Grande, Cañada de Alferes, Casa Blanca (Tierras Nuevas), Colonia Adolfo López Mateos, Colonia Álvaro Obregón, Colonia Buenavista, Colonia Cucuhapan, Colonia Ejidal Emiliano Zapata, Colonia Guadalupe la Ciénega, Colonia Guadalupe Victoria (La Capilla), Colonia Isidro Fabela, Colonia la Joya, Colonia las Águilas, Colonia Ojo de Agua, Colonia Reforma Tlalmimilolpan, Cristo Rey, Ejido de San Lorenzo Huitzizilapan, Ejido de San Mateo Atarasquillo, Ejido San Miguel Ameyalco, El Árbol, El Caracol, El Espino Peralta, El Tiradero, Endexhe, Flor de Gallo Huitzizilapan, Fraccionamiento y Club de Golf los Encinos, La Bomba, La Concepción Xochicuautla, La Joya, La Ladera, La Loma, La Lupita (Casas Viejas), La Manga (La Laguna), La Montoya, La Pedrera, La Unidad Huitzizilapan, Las Mesas Huitzizilapan, Las Rajas Huitzizilapan (San Martín), Llano Capacho, Llano de los Negros, Loma del Cenizo, Metate Viejo Tlalmimilolpan (Barrio de Gpe.), Pueblo Nuevo Tlalmimilolpan, Rancho Viejo, Salazar, San Agustín Huitzizilapan, San Francisco Xochicuautla , San José el Llanito, San Lorenzo Huitzizilapan, San Mateo Atarasquillo, San Miguel Ameyalco, San Nicolás Peralta, San Pablo, San Pedro Huitzizilapan, San Pedro Tultepec, Santa Catarina, Santa Cruz Chignahuapan, Santa Cruz Huitzizilapan, Santa Cruz Tultepec, Santa María Atarasquillo, Santa María Tlalmimilolpan, Santiago Analco, Zacamulpa Huitzizilapan (San Isidro), and Zacamulpa Tlalmimilolpan.
The total population of the municipality is 105,578 people.[2]
The municipality began as a large swath of land that Vasco de Quiroga obtained in 1535. This area would become the district of Lerma and would include the current municipalities of San Pedro Tultepec, San Mateo Atenco, Ocoyoacac, among others. These would eventually all be separate by the end of the 19th century.[1]
The municipality is bordered by Jilotzingo, Xonacatlán, Capulhuac, Tiangüistenco, Huixquilucan de Degollado, Naucalpan de Juárez, Ocoyoacac, Metepec, San Mateo Atenco and Toluca. Its altitude varies between 2,640 meters and 3,150 meters above sea level and has a territory of 228.64 km2. The area has a mild climate with temperatures varying between 7 and 30C depending on the altitude and the time of year. The warmest months are May and June and it experiences a rainy season in the summer.[1]
[edit] Economic activities
41% of the municipality's surface is dedicated to agriculture, 80% of which is for growing corn. Livestock production includes chickens, turkeys and other edible fowl (as the 3rd most important producer in the region), as well as cattle, sheep and pigs.
The municipality has established a large industrial complex within its borders and is known for producting job opportunities. However, only 60% of the industrial park is occupied. Industries here include food processing, textiles, metalworks, automotive factories and chemical plants with a total of 340 industries. In addition, both the city and the municipality have a large number of retail stores selling, clothes, furniture, shoes, food, hardware, construction supplies, paper products, meat and others. The best-known retail institution is the Outlet Mall of Lerma built on the highway that connects Toluca with Mexico City. It also provides services such as lodging, restaurants, nightclubs, tourist transport and others.[1]
