Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Cassel

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Prince Frederick of Hesse (11 September 1747 – 20 May 1837) was a younger member of the dynasty that ruled the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel and a Danish general.

He was born as the youngest son of Hereditary Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel (the future Landgrave Frederick II) and Princess Mary of Great Britain.

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[edit] Youth

His father, the then hereditary prince (who reigned from 1760 and died in 1785) had in 1747 left the family and soon converted Catholicism, and in 1755 formally ended the marriage. The young prince Frederick, together with his two elder brothers, were with their mother the landgravine Mary and became since 1747 fostered by Protestant relatives and soon moved to Denmark, to be guests of her sister Louise of Great Britain who however died in 1751. His two elder brothers married Danish princesses, their first cousins, in 1763 and 1766 respectively. They remained in Denmark, becoming its important lords and royal functionaries. Only his eldest brother returned to Kassel, in 1785 when ascending the landgraviate.

[edit] Ancestry

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 16. Wilhelm VI of Hesse-Kassel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 8. Charles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 17. Hedwig Sophia of Brandenburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 4. William VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 18. Jacob Kettler, Duke of Courland
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 9. Maria Amalia of Courland
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 19. Louise Charlotte of Brandenburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2. Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 20. Maurice, Duke of Saxe-Zeitz
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10. Maurice Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Zeitz
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 21. Dorothea Marie of Saxe-Weimar
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 5. Dorothea Wilhelmine of Saxe-Zeitz
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 22. Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 11. Marie Amalie of Brandenburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 23. Sophie Dorothea of Holstein-Glücksburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1. Prince Frederick of Hesse
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 24. Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 12. George I of Great Britain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 25. Sophia, Countess Palatine of Simmern
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 6. George II of Great Britain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 26. George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 13. Sophia Dorothea of Celle
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 27. Eleonore d'Esmier d'Olbreuse
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3. Princess Mary of Great Britain
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 28. Albert V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 14. Johann Friedrich, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 29. Sophia Margaret of Oettingen-Oettingen
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 7. Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 30. John George I, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 15. Eleanor Erdmuthe Louise of Saxe-Eisenach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 31. Johannetta of Sayn-Wittgenstein
 
 
 
 
 
 

[edit] Marriage

He married Princess Caroline Polyxene of Nassau-Usingen, a remarkable heiress of a family which went extinct in male line. Her inheritance included the castle of Rumpenheim which became the family's seat.

[edit] Children