Lake of the Ozarks

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lake of the Ozarks

Location	Missouri
Coordinates	38°12′N 92°38′WCoordinates: 38°12′N 92°38′W
Lake type	reservoir
Primary inflows	Osage River, Niangua River, Grandglaize Creek, Gravois Creek
Primary outflows	Osage River
Catchment area	14,000 sq mi (36,300 km²)
Basin countries	United States
Surface area	54,000 acres (220 km²)^[1]
Max. depth	130 ft (40 m)^[2]
Water volume	646,000 million U.S. gallons (2.45 km³)^[1]
Surface elevation	660 ft (201 m)

The Lake of the Ozarks is a large man-made reservoir created by impounding the Osage River in the northern part of the Ozarks in central Missouri. Extents of three smaller tributaries to the Osage, the Niangua River, Grandglaize Creek, and Gravois Creek, are included in the impoundment. The lake has a surface area of 55,000 acres (223 km²), over 1,150 miles (1,850 km) of shoreline (1,850 km), and the main channel of the Osage Arm stretches 92 miles (148 km) from end to end (148 km). The total drainage area is over 14,000 square miles (36,000 km²).

1 History
2 Missouri State Parks
3 Towns
4 References
5 External links

[edit] History

A hydro-electric power plant on the Osage River was first pursued by Kansas City developer Ralph Street in 1912. Street put together the initial funding and began building roads, railroads and infrastructure necessary to begin construction of the dam, with a plan to impound a much smaller lake. In the mid-1920s, Street’s funding dried up and he abandoned the effort.^[3]

The lake was created by the construction of the 2,543-foot (775 m) long (775 m) Bagnell Dam by Union Electric Company of St. Louis, Missouri. The principal engineering firm was Stone and Webster. Construction began August 6, 1929, and was completed in April 1931. The dam is operated and maintained by AmerenUE, the successor of Union Electric, under the authority of a permit issued by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. The Lake of the Ozarks measures more than 90 miles in length and has several tributaries supplying it. In total, it has over 1,100 miles of shoreline in four different Missouri counties. The massive body of water backed up behind Bagnell Dam is the largest manmade lake in the Midwestern United States.

During construction the lake was referred to as Osage Reservoir or Lake Osage. The Missouri General Assembly officially named it Lake Benton after the former Senator Thomas Hart Benton. None of the names took as it was popularly referred to by its location in the Ozarks. The electric generating station, however, is still referred to by the utility company as the "Osage Hydroelectric Plant."^[4]

At the time of construction it was one of the largest man-made lakes in the world and the largest in the United States. Though built to provide hydroelectric power for customers of Union Electric, the lake quickly became a significant tourist destination for the Midwest. There are over 70,000 homes existing along the lake, many of which are vacation homes. Spectacular scenery characteristic of the Ozarks has also helped to transform the lake into a major resort area. More than 3 million people visit the lake annually.

The Lake of the Ozarks is unique in the fact that it is the largest man-made, non-flood control lake in the United States. The lake rarely varies in surface elevation by more than 5 feet (2 m), with normal pool elevation of 660.0 feet (201.2 m) above mean sea level. Unlike many flood-control lakes constructed by the Corps of Engineers, most of the shoreline on the Lake of the Ozarks is privately owned, and the relatively stable surface elevation has created ideal conditions for private development within a few feet of the shoreline.

[edit] Missouri State Parks

Anderson Hollow Cove, informally known as Party Cove, in 2007.

During the process of land acquisition for the lake during the 1920s, 17,500 acres (71 km²) of land along the Grand Glaize Arm of the lake was set aside for a national park. In 1946, this land was acquired by the State of Missouri for Lake of the Ozarks State Park, the largest State Park in Missouri.

Lake of the Ozarks State Park is home to Party Cove, a rowdy gathering spot that a travel writer for The New York Times called the "oldest established permanent floating bacchanal in the country."^[5] The Missouri State Water Patrol has estimated that the cove attracts up to 3000 boats during the Fourth of July weekend.^[5]

Another state park on the shores of the lake is Ha Ha Tonka State Park on the Niangua Arm of the lake.