Lake Walchen Power Plant
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| Lake Walchen Power Plant | |
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| Operator: | E.ON GmbH |
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| Fuel: | hydroelectric |
| Commissioned: | 1924 |
[[Category:hydroelectric power stations in Germany]]
The Lake Walchen Power Plant in Kochel at the lake (distance of the local part Walchensee about 14 km) in enterprise taken high pressure storage power station in Bavaria. It is with an installed output of 124 MW to today one the largest its kind in Germany.
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[edit] Technical operation
The storage power station uses with a natural downward gradient of well 200 m between as "upper reservoir" the functioning Walchensee (802 m ue. NN) and the "Unterbecken" Kochelsee (599 m ue. NN) water power for regenerativ generation of current. Over six approx.. 450 meters long pipings, which connect the two natural "basins", the water flows to the turbines of this hydro-electric power plant: four Pelton and four Francis water turbines. Subsequently, it is introduced in the Kochelsee. By the water level varying strongly thereby do not freeze in the winter both seas any longer correctly too. The ice surfaces in the individual bays are then only very thin and may not not be entered. The natural discharge of the Walchensees with Niedernach - over the Jachen to the Isar - is blocked by weir, yet the natural supplies of the Walchensees are not sufficient to make sufficient water available for the enterprise of the storage power station. Therefore must be fallen back additionally to the water of Isar and tear brook.
[edit] Isar Water Line
The Isar, which comes as game water river from the Austrian part of the Karwendelgebirges, is accumulated between center forest and Kruen with river kilometer 251.5 by weir, forms the Kruener Isarstausee (870m) and nearly completely to the Walchensee is then led up here. This Isarwasser flows first after passing the run hydro-electric power plant Kruen in an open channel, crosses before barrier gau by means of a Duekers the federal highway 11 and with barrier gau by a tunnel the thing lake (867m) is then supplied. Here a 3.9 kilometer of long penstocks begins, at whose end the water propels the turbines of the run hydro-electric power plant upperoh (795m) and finally into the lake flows. At the thing lake surplus water becomes - because the quantity the need exceeds in upperoh or one does not need at all - aboveground derived. It falls down after leaving the memory over a steep stage (the so-called Isarfall), flows then in the upper oh channel to the north and flows finally with Einsiedl into the Walchensee. On the way there the laboratory for hydraulic engineering and water management DO Munich happened.
[edit] Rissbach Water Line
The Rissbach comes from the northern part of the Karwendelgebirges, where it collected the water of the smaller brooks within the range of the maple soils. After exceeding the border between Tirol and Bavaria and immediately after the inlet of the Fermersbaches is accumulated the water-rich brook with the Oswaldhuette at the road front tear (Bavaria) - Hinterriss (Tirol) (830m). Here a lug begins with 6960m length, which with front tear with a Dueker under the flussbett of the Isar and the private road (chargeable), running beside it, and at the run hydro-electric power plant Niedernach at the southeast end of the Walchensees is passed through finally ends. The power station is since 1951 in enterprise.
[edit] Special Issues
The road of Walchensee (place) after Urfeld is led along the steep rock slope by the duke conditions on the north bank. This construction requires the counter-pressure, which the water of the Walchensees exercises on the bank, in order not to let the road slip. If in the winter the water level sinks because of consumption by the Walchenseekraftwerk, therefore the use of the road must be limited by a restriction of weight for truck. At a certain time in the spring E.ON under menace of a conventional penalty is obligated to increase the water level again in such a way that restrictions of traffic - above all also because of the tourism - can be waived. Therefore the enterprise is forced to inform in the winter about the snow situation in the water catchment area in order to be able to compute, how much meltwater will presumably be available, in order to be able to fulfill the above-mentioned demand
[edit] History
Oskar of Miller was the Vordenker and planner for the building of the Walchenseekraftwerks. It wanted the electrification the Bavarian course (see also center forest course) and the country Bavaria to in front bring. After long preliminary work the Bavarian federal state parliament 1918 decided the power plant construction, and already 1924 began the first enterprise under the auspice of national Bayernwerk. After Bayernwerk was denationalized and taken over of the VIAG, the old power station is operated by the energy enterprise E.ON water power. The Walchenseekraftwerk produces traction current since its start-up also. The produced total output divides on in 72 MW three-phase alternating current and 52 MW traction current.
[edit] World War II wind tunnel
For developing Nazi Germany's planned A10 rocket, a new Mach 10 wind tunnel was planned at the Walchensee Kraftwerk (English: Lake Walchen Powerplant). The new powerplant was to specially-use the 202 meter difference from the Walchensee down to the Kochelsee to generate 120 megawatts. However, instead of the new wind tunnel and powerplant, the Mach 4.4 wind tunnel used for V-2 rocket development was moved to the site following the 1943 Operation Hydra bombing of Peenemünde, and the new powerplant was completed after the war.[1] The wind tunnel was moved to White Oak, Maryland, after the war.[2]
[edit] References and Notes
- ^ Wegener, Peter P (1996). The Peenemunde Wind Tunnels: A Memoir. Yale University, p32. ISBN 0300063679.
- ^ Hunt, Linda (1991). Secret Agenda: The United States Government, Nazi Scientists, and Project Paperclip, 1945 to 1990. New York: St.Martin's Press, p31. ISBN 0312055102.
