La Follette Committee
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The LaFollette Civil Liberties Committee, or more formally, Committee on Education and Labor, Subcommittee Investigating Violations of Free Speech and the Rights of Labor (1936-1941), began as an inquiry into a National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) investigation of methods used by employers in certain industries to avoid collective bargaining with unions. Between 1936 and 1941, the subcommittee published exhaustive hearings and reports on the use of industrial espionage, private police systems, strikebreaking services, munitions in industrial warfare, and employers' associations to break strikes and to disrupt legal union activities in other ways. Robert M. La Follette, Jr., a Republican and Progressive Party Senator from Wisconsin, chaired the Committee.
The Committee reported that as late as 1937, its census of working labor spies from 1933 to 1937 totaled 3,871 for the period. Private security firms like Pinkerton National Detective Agency and Burns were employed to infiltrate labor unions. The Committee concluded that espionage was "the most efficient method known to management to prevent unions from forming, to weaken them if they secure a foothold, and to wreck them when they try their strength."[1]
The Committee also reported:
- "Such a spy system . . . places the employer in the very heart of the union council from the outset of any organizing effort. News of organizers coming into a town, contacts the organizers make among his employees, the names of employees who join the union, all organization plans, all activities of the union—these are as readily available to the employer as though he himself were running the union".
The inquiry by the Committee failed to achieve any effective regulatory legislation that might have curtailed the worst practices of strike-breaking agencies, but the revelations enraged the public.[1]
[edit] Communist Party members on the Committee staff
In 1995, with the release of the Venona project transcripts, it was revealed that four Americans employed in the federal government as Senate staffers were also members of the Communist Party of the United States (CPUSA).[citation needed] At various times, these four served as staff members of the subcommittee.
Those staff members are:
- John Abt, Chief Counsel to the LaFollette Committee; Assistant General Counsel of the Works Progress Administration (WPA) and in 1948 worked in the presidential campaign for former Vice President Henry A. Wallace
- Charles Flato, who during World War II served on the Board of Economic Warfare (BEW) and the Foreign Economic Administration (FEA)
- Charles Kramer, who served on four other congressional staffs and the NLRB
- Allen Rosenberg, who served on the NLRB, BEW, and FEA
However, none of the Senators on the Committee have been implicated through information obtained from these transcripts.
