L-type calcium channel
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The L-type calcium channel is a type of voltage-dependent calcium channel. Like the others of this class, the α1 subunit is the one that determines most of the channel's properties.
L-type calcium channel blocker drugs are used as cardiac antiarrhythmics or antihypertensives, depending on whether the drugs has higher affinity to the heart, the phenylalkylamines (like verapamil) or to the vessels, the dihydropyridines (nifedipine).
L-type channels are selectively blocked by benzothiazepines.
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In skeletal muscle, there is a very high concentration of DHP receptors, representing L-type calcium channels, situated in the T-tubules. Muscle depolarization results in large gating currents, but anomolously low calcium flux, which is now explained by the very slow activation of the ionic currents. For this reason, little or no Ca2þ passes across the T-tubule membrane during a single action potential.
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