Kulm law
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Kulm law, Culm law or Chełmno Law (German: Kulmer Recht, Kulmer Handfeste; Lithuanian: Jus Culmense vetus; Polish: Prawo chełmińskie) was a German legal constitution for a municipal form of government used in several Central European cities during the Middle Ages.
It was initiated in 1233 in the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights by Hochmeister Hermann von Salza when the town of Kulm (Chełmno) received German town law, in particular a modification of Magdeburg rights.
This type of law was mostly granted by the Teutonic Order to cities within their monastic state, but also adopted by cities elsewhere, mainly in the neighboring Kingdom of Poland. In addition, the Kulm law was expanded, independently from the Knights, to a larger set of laws called Alter Kulm.
Cities located under Kulm law include:
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[edit] See also
[edit] Literature
- Danuta Janicka: Nauka o winie i karze w dziejach klasycznej szkoły prawa karnego w Niemczech w 1 połowie XIX wieku, Toruń: Wydaw. Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 1998, ISBN 83-231-0985-0
- Danuta Maria Janicka: Prawo karne w trzech rewizjach prawa chełmińskiego z XVI wieku, Toruń: TNT, 1992, ISBN 83-85196-50-1
- Peter Johanek: Artikel 'Alter Kulm' in Kurt Ruh u.a. (Hg.): Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters. Verfasserlexikon Bd. 2, Berlin u.a. 2. Auflage 1978, Sp. 267-269
- Alexander Rogatschewski: Zur Geschichte des 'Alten Kulms' und anderer preußischer Rechtsbücher nach St. Petersburger Quellen, in: R.G. Päsler/D. Schmidtke (Hg.): Deutschsprachige Literatur des Mittelalters im Östlichen Europa. Forschungsstand und Forschungsperspektiven, Heildelberg 2006, S. 199-244
- Ralf G. Päsler: Deutschsprachige Sachliteratur im Preußenland bis 1500. Untersuchungen zu ihrer Überlieferung, Köln u.a. 2003, S. 197, 222-224 und 243-252
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