Knudsen Cell

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In crystal growth, Knudsen Cells are often used as sources evaporators for relatively low partial pressure elementary sources, e.g., Ga, Al, Hg, As, etc. It is easy to control the temperature of evaporating content and commonly used in Molecular-beam epitaxy.

A typical Knudsen cell contains a crucible (made of pyrolytic boron nitride, quartz, tungsten or graphite), heating filaments (often made of metal tantalum), water cooling system, heat shields and orifice shutter.