Keiō

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For other uses, please see Keiō (disambiguation).

Keiō (慶応, Keiō^?) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,^?, lit. "year name") after Genji and before Meiji. The period spanned the years from 1865 to 1868. The reigning emperors were Kōmei-tennō (孝明天皇, Kōmei-tennō^?) and Meiji-tennō (明治天皇, Meiji-tennō^?).

1 Change of era
2 Events of the Keiō era
3 References
- 3.1 External links

[edit] Change of era

Keiō gannen (慶応元年, Keiō gannen^?); May 1, 1865: The new era name of Keiō (meaning "Jubilant Answer") was created to mark the rebellion at Hamaguri Gate. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Genji 2.

[edit] Events of the Keiō era

Keiō 2 (1866): Goryōkaku completed
Keiō 2, on the 20th day of the 8th month (September 28, 1866): Shogun Iemochi died at Osaka; and the bakufu petitioned that Hitotsubashi Yoshinobu should be appointed as his successor.^[1]
Keiō 2, on the 5th day of the 12th month (January 10, 1867): Yoshinobu was appointed shogun.^[1]
Keiō 2, on the 25th day of the 12th month (January 30, 1867): Emperor Komei died.^[1]
Keiō 3, on the 15th day of the 10th month (November 10, 1867): An Imperial edict was issued sanctioning the restoration of Imperial government.^[1]
Keiō 3, on the 10th day of the 12th month (January 6, 1868):^[2] The restoration of the Imperial government was announced to the kuge. The year 1868 began as Keio 3, and did not become Meiji 1 until the 8th day of the 9th month of Keio 4, i.e., October 23rd; although retrospectively, it was be quoted as the first year of the new era from the 25th of January onwards.^[1]
Keiō 4, on the 3rd of the 1st month (1868): The Boshin War begins with the Battle of Toba-Fushimi.
Keiō 4, on the 17th day of the 7th month (September 3, 1868): Edo was renamed "Tokyo," i.e. meaning "Eastern Capital." ^[3]
Keiō 4, on the 23rd of the 8th month (October 8, 1868): Battle of Aizu begins.
Keiō 4, on the 27th day of the 8th month, (October 12, 1868): Emperor Meiji is crowned in the Shishin-den in Kyoto.^[4]
Keiō 4, on the 8th day of the 9th month (October 23, 1868): The nengō is formally changed from Keiō to Meiji; and a general amnesty is granted.^[4]
- Meiji 2, on the 23rd day of the 10th month (1868): The emperor went to Tokyo; and Edo castle became an Imperial palace.^[4]

Keio University, which was initially established in Ansei 5 (1858), seven years before the beginning of the Keio era, is named after this era. This is the oldest existing instituion of higher learning in Japan.^[5]

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956). Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869, p. 326.
^ Ponsonby-Fane's published nengō would have this be the 4th of January rather than the 6th.
^ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 327.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ponsonby-Fane, p. 328.
^ Ozaki, Yukio. (2001). The Autobiography of Ozaki Yukio, p. 21.

Ozaki, Yukio. (2001). The Autobiography of Ozaki Yukio: The Struggle for Constitutional Government in Japan. [Translated by Fujiko Hara]. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 10-ISBN 0-691-05095-3 (cloth)
Ponsonby-Fane, Richard A. B. (1956). Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869. Kyoto: The Ponsonby Memorial Society.