User talk:Kazu-kun/Sandbox5

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  • Avenger
  • Best Student Council
  • Kurau Phantom Memory
  • Bottle Fairy
  • Diebuster
  • Dream Knocker
  • Eat-Man
  • Code Geass
  • Fate/stay night
  • Gakuen Utopia Manabi Straight!
  • Galaxy Fraulein Yuna
  • Gall Force
  • Gals!
  • Fushigi Yūgi
  • Hayate the Combat Butler
  • Hidamari Sketch
  • Hitohira
  • Jubei-chan: The Ninja Girl
  • Magic Knight Rayearth
  • Serial Experiments Lain
  • Kodomo no Jikan
  • Koi Koi Seven
  • Love Hina
  • Magikano
  • Maico 2010
  • Maze
  • Mermaid Melody Pichi Pichi Pitch
  • Lucky Star
  • Mermaid Saga
  • Murder Princess
  • Nana
  • Ouran High School Host Club
  • Ojamajo Doremi
  • Pani Poni Dash!
  • Petite Princess Yucie
  • Renkin 3-kyū Magical ? Pokān
  • Samurai Deeper Kyo
  • Sayonara Zetsubō Sensei
  • Sgt. Frog
  • Shinshi Doumei Cross
  • Silent Möbius
  • Sol Bianca
  • Sōkō no Strain
  • St. Luminous Mission High School
  • The Day of Revolution
  • The Third
  • ToHeart2
  • Tsuyokiss
  • Vulgar Ghost Daydream
  • Vandread
  • Yume Tsukai
  • Zombie-Loan
  • Boku no Futatsu no Tsubasa

Kazu-kun (talk) 05:10, 23 April 2008 (UTC)

Natsuki's Prelude:

http://apollyon-0.livejournal.com/8637.html#cutid1

Kazu-kun (talk) 19:12, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

Self-published sources are "acceptable when produced by an established expert on the topic of the article whose work in the relevant field has previously been published by reliable third-party publications." A clear example of an acceptable self-published source would be Matt Thorn, and scholar widely recognized as an expert on the subject of manga, and whose works (articles, etc) have been published by third-party publications (magazines, books, etc). We actually use Matt Thorn's website (which is a self-published source) as reference for manga-related articles. Kazu-kun (talk) 19:46, 26 March 2008 (UTC)

8. 'Sweet Little Devil' by Nanzaki Iku [南崎 いく] More famously known as his circle, 'どろぱんだTOURS' aka Doropanda TOURS, Nanzaki-sensei is the man behind the utterly god-like gorgeous art of Mai HiME/Otome doujinshis we see in the Manga Page of this blog. I was thrilled to see his name among the list of mangaka in Yurihime Wildrose and can't wait to see the original characters of his. Needless to say, the two main characters beared a close resemblance to Natsuki and Shizuru of Mai HiME lol but the Shizuru look-alike, Sayo [minus Kyoto-ben] was two years younger than Natsuki look-alike, Ritsuko. A little like Morishima Akiko's [森島 明子], 'そして僕らわ愛お目指す' story I mentioned earlier, small Sayo grew taller than Ritsuko when they met in the same high school lol. This is probably THE hottest work of the list of mangaka in Yurihime Wildrose lol.Kazu-kun (talk) 07:25, 23 March 2008 (UTC)

Contents

[edit] Yuri Doujin circles

Kazu-kun (talk) 20:59, 22 March 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Market

[edit] Demographic

Unlike Boys' Love (know in North America as yaoi or shōnen-ai), a female-marketed genre featuring same-sex love between men,[1] yuri does not have a primary target audience.[2] Instead, it encompasses stories from male-targeted publications as well as female-targeted ones,[2] including those specifically aimed towards lesbians.[3][4] Aside from the intended target demographic, the audience yuri appeals to is mixed as well.[5] For example, Maria-sama ga Miteru is prominently popular among males, while on the other hand, the readership of Ichijinsha's yuri publication Comic Yuri Hime is seventy percent female.[5]

[edit] Publications

Image:Yuri Shimai Autumn 2004 cover.
Cover of the autumn 2004 issue of Yuri Shimai, illustrated by Reine Hibiki, the illustrator for the yuri light novel series Maria-sama ga Miteru.

Sun Magazine published the yuri manga anthology magazine Yuri Shimai between June 2003 and November 2004 in quarterly installments, ending with only five issues.[6] After the magazine's discontinuation, Comic Yuri Hime was launched by Ichijinsha in July 2005 as a revival of the magazine, containing manga by many of the authors who had had work serialized in Yuri Shimai.[7] Like its predecessor, Comic Yuri Hime is also published quarterly.[7] A sister magazine to Comic Yuri Hime named Comic Yuri Hime S was launched as a quarterly publication by Ichijinsha in June 2007.[8] Unlike either Yuri Shimai or Comic Yuri Hime, Comic Yuri Hime S is targeted towards a male audience.[9] Ichijinsha has announced that they will start to publish light novel adaptations from Comic Yuri Hime works, as part of the shōjo light novel line of their new Ichijinsha Bunko label (which will publish shōnen novels too), scheduled to begin in summer 2008.[10] Some Japanese lesbian lifestyle magazines contain manga sections, including the now-defunct magazines Anise (1996-97, 2001-03) and Phryné (1995).[11] Carmilla, an erotic lesbian publication,[11] released an anthology of yuri manga called Girl's Only.[12] Additionally, Mist (1996-99), a ladies' comic manga magazine, contained sexually explicit yuri manga as part of a section dedicated to lesbian-interest topics.[11]

The first company to release lesbian-themed manga in North America was Yuricon's publishing arm ALC Publishing.[3] Their works include Rica Takashima's Rica 'tte Kanji!?, which in 2006 was course material for Professor Kerridwen Luis' Anthropology 166B course at Brandeis University,[13] and their annual yuri manga anthology Yuri Monogatari; both first released in 2003.[3] The latter collects stories by American, European and Japanese creators, including Akiko Morishima, Althea Keaton, Kristina Kolhi, Tomomi Nakasora and Eriko Tadeno.[14][15] These works range from fantasy stories to more realistic tales dealing with themes such as coming out and sexual orientation.[15] Besides ALC Publishing, the Los Angeles-based Seven Seas Entertainment has also incurred in the genre, with the English version of well known titles such as the Kashimashi: Girl Meets Girl manga and the Strawberry Panic! light novels.[16] On October 24, 2006, Seven Seas announced the launch of their specialized yuri manga line, which includes works such as the Strawberry Panic! manga, The Last Uniform,[16] and Comic Yuri Hime's compilations such as Voiceful and First Love Sisters.[17] Kazu-kun (talk) 18:07, 22 March 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Demographic

Unlike Boys Love (know in North America as yaoi or shōnen-ai), a genre featuring same-sex love between men which is marketed at females, yuri does not have a primary target audience. Instead, yuri encompasses stories from female-targeted publications as well as from male-targeted ones. Aside from the intended target demographic, yuri attracts a mixed audience as well. For example, Maria-sama ga Miteru is prominently popular among males, while on the other hand, the readership of Ichijinsha's all-yuri publication Comic Yuri Hime is seventy percent female.


Titles for deletion:

  • Elfen Lied
  • Xenosaga
  • Plastic Little
  • Ghost in the Shell

Kazu-kun (talk) 21:32, 18 March 2008 (UTC)

What is Doujin?:

http://www.akibaangels.com/doujin.php

—Preceding unsigned comment added by Kazu-kun (talk • contribs) 20:21, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

Article in Cyzo about Yuri:

http://www.cyzo.com/2008/02/post_350.html

—Preceding unsigned comment added by Kazu-kun (talk • contribs) 18:28, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

Article about Marimite:

http://media.excite.co.jp/book/news/topics/012/

—Preceding unsigned comment added by Kazu-kun (talk • contribs) 05:10, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

Really good translator:

http://www.excite.co.jp/world/english/

—Preceding unsigned comment added by Kazu-kun (talk • contribs) 03:45, 4 March 2008 (UTC)

Erica's top 10 yuri manga:

http://manga.about.com/od/recommendedreading/tp/Top10YuriManga.htm

Interview with Erica Friedman about Yuri:

http://manga.about.com/od/mangaartistswriters/a/EFriedman.htm

—Preceding unsigned comment added by Kazu-kun (talk • contribs) 17:11, 3 March 2008 (UTC)

About Haruka and Michiru, and doujinshi:

http://okazu.blogspot.com/2004/01/yuri-animemanga-sailor-moon.html

—Preceding unsigned comment added by Kazu-kun (talk • contribs) 05:48, 1 March 2008 (UTC)

http://www.jpf.go.jp/e/publish/jbn/pdf/jbn38.pdf

The Peach Girl Views: Appropriating the Gaze

Tomoko Aoyama

University of Queensland

http://coombs.anu.edu.au/SpecialProj/ASAA/biennial-conference/2004/Aoyama-T-ASAA.pdf

29 June-2 July 2004

http://www.rosachinensis.net/ekn/termpaper.rtf

http://www.publishersweekly.com/article/CA6277442.html

Works by Eriko Tadeno is an anthology of four stories and three short gag comics that were published in Phryné, Anise and Mist magazines.

Girl Love Power: Yuri Manga Comes to the U.S. - 10/25/2005

http://www.pseudoghetto.com/Yuri.htm —Preceding unsigned comment added by Kazu-kun (talk • contribs) 05:58, 28 February 2008 (UTC)


[18]

[edit] Examples of yuri pairings

While many series have had implied yuri, Sailor Moon has an "out" yuri pairing. Haruka Tenoh (Sailor Uranus) and Michiru Kaioh (Sailor Neptune) first appear in the third season, and it is almost immediately obvious that they are a couple.[19] Haruka makes it a point to dress and act in a masculine manner in the anime; she has short sandy blonde hair and wears the boys' uniform at her school. By contrast, in the manga, Haruka was more gender-ambiguous, wearing the clothes of both sexes and even seeming to change appearance slightly depending on what she wore; Naoko Takeuchi, the original author of Sailor Moon, admitted that she drew Haruka's face as more masculine whenever Haruka cross-dressed. Haruka and Michiru were loosely based on the actors of the Takarazuka Revue.[20] At first glance their relationship appears to be the traditional butch/femme dynamic, but neither one can be considered "dominant" over the other. Haruka and Michiru fan fiction is among the most searched-for fan fiction on the Internet.[21]

Haruka and Michiru's lesbian relationship was heavily censored in the English and French anime versions, although the lesbian subtext in the English version is still apparent. In English, their relationship is stated to be that of close cousins who had grown up together, but a later episode showing their first meeting is left intact, and some of their flirting is unchanged.[22] The French version gave Haruka an ambiguous name, Frederique, and a male voice when in civilian form, although Sailor Uranus was voiced by a woman.[23] Also in Italy, their relationship has been heavily censored, and they have been presented to the public as mere deep friends with the names of Heles (Haruka) and Milena (Michiru): a lot of dialogues have been changed and a lot of scenes have been modified for this purpose. In contrast, the Latin American Spanish version, made in Mexico, did not make any efforts to censor it and even correctly translated many of the double entendres in the dialogue.

It is often speculated that one or the other of the pair is bisexual, but this is not clearly addressed in the series itself. In the fifth season of the anime, Michiru flirts heavily with the male Kou Seiya in one episode,[24] even though she is clearly in a relationship with Haruka when this takes place. She states beforehand an intention to learn Seiya's motives, fearing that he may be a threat to the planet, but Haruka is no less jealous upon discovering them.

Seiya himself is actually an alien who transforms from a female Sailor Senshi into a male civilian; he has a stated romantic interest in Usagi Tsukino and a link of some sort with the ruler of his people, Princess Kakyuu. In the original manga, Seiya is always female, yet still refers to her feelings for Usagi as "unrequited love".[25]

In general, the Sailor Moon anime contains more overt references to lesbianism than the Sailor Moon manga, partially due to the influence of director Kunihiko Ikuhara, who dislikes heterosexual romances in anime, as he feels it can overshadow the rest of the plot.[26]

Utena Tenjou and Anthy Himemiya from Revolutionary Girl Utena are another example of a well-known yuri couple. Similarly to Haruka and Michiru, Utena appears to be the more "masculine" of the two, also insisting on wearing the boys' uniform and participating in the surrealist duels at Ohtori Academy. However, she is naive and overly pure-hearted at times; Anthy's jaded, cynical worldview stands in sharp contrast to Utena. Like Michiru to Haruka, Anthy serves as a moderating and calming influence over Utena. It can be argued that Utena and Anthy show more of the dominant/submissive pattern, since it is in Anthy's character (superficially, at least) to be submissive.

Unrequited love also features notably in shōjo-ai and yuri. One of the most well-known examples is Sakura Kinomoto and Tomoyo Daidouji from Cardcaptor Sakura. In this case, there is what appears to be a one-sided love, that of Tomoyo for Sakura.

There has been a trend toward yuri being more out in the open. Yami to Bōshi to Hon no Tabibito, or "YamiBou", was the most notable example of this; the main characters, Hazuki and Hatsumi, were quite obviously in love, and the story centers on Hazuki's journey through time and space to find Hatsumi after the latter departs her world on the midnight of her sixteenth birthday. The series can be thought of as an attempt to bridge the gap between shōjo and shōnen anime; its story is very deep and nearly entirely character-driven, yet it contains large amounts of fanservice and is based on an adult game.

Yami to Bōshi to Hon no Tabibito's influence can be keenly felt in what many consider to be its spiritual successor, Kannazuki no Miko. This is another attempt to cross genres, featuring a plot-driven storyline. It makes heavy use of mecha (giant robots), but these and even the plot itself (saving the planet from the Orochi) are just a backdrop to the real story: the love between Chikane Himemiya and Himeko Kurusagawa, reincarnations of the Lunar Miko and Solar Miko, respectively, whose job it is to combat the Orochi. Chikane and Himeko resemble Hazuki and Hatsumi from YamiBou extremely closely, though Himeko is much more outgoing than Hatsumi. Kannazuki no Miko is considered difficult to watch by many shōjo-ai fans; the show features brutally melodramatic twists and turns, and no concrete conclusion is reached until after the end credits of the last episode. Though exceedingly brief, the final snippet is interpreted by many fans as vague confirmation of a happy ending for the pair.

Another notable example of Class S and yuri is Maria-sama ga Miteru, or "Marimite". Unlike Yami to Bōshi to Hon no Tabibito and Kannazuki no Miko, Marimite is an entirely character-driven shōjo anime with little to no action or drama in the plot. Marimite follows the students at Lillian Jogakuen, an all-girls Catholic school somewhere in Japan. It focuses on the relationships between the girls, set against the backdrop of the Student Council, known as the Yamayurikai. While most of the shōjo-ai is subtext, Sei Satō (Rosa Gigantea) is quite obviously a lesbian and two entire episodes of the first season are devoted to the story of her and a former lover, Shiori Kubō. Yoshino Shimazu and Rei Hasekura act in many ways as if they are already married, having known one another since early childhood, living next-door to each other, and being first cousins. Shimako Tōdō, mysterious and aloof, seems to be growing a romantic relationship with the small but fiery first-year Noriko in the second season as well. As of 2007, the most popular pairing in the fandom (Sachiko/Yumi) is still at the subtext level, and some fans, including Erica Friedman of Yuricon, believe it may never progress beyond that.[27]

Alphabet Atogaki in the second book: ま【マリア様がみてる】インターネットの某ページに『マリア様がみてる』のことが記載されていて、「ソフトだけど完全に百合」というコメントが添えてあったのには笑ってしまった。最高の｜誉《ほ》め言葉です、ありがとう。 / Ma -[Maria-sama-ga Miteru]At my homepage someone has left a comment about Marimite "Though soft but completely yuri" that made me laugh. It's the highest praise, thanks! —Preceding unsigned comment added by Kazu-kun (talk • contribs) 03:34, 20 February 2008 (UTC)

Yuri Hime 3

This is followed by Morishima Akiko's "Yuri Life" comic. Unmotivated to draw over the cold winter, Akiko-san's editor decides to stimulate her yuri skills by forcefeeding her yuri anime and games. It's pretty funny. Her fanboy nosebleed at Kannazuki no Miko is pretty much everyone's reaction. lol Her evil editor stops her from going out to enjoy the day, instead compelling her to draw. (As ALC may be the benefactor of that evil editor, I thank her from the botttom of my heart!)

Yuri Hime 4

Following closely on the heels of such happiness came Morishima Akiko's Yuri life illustrated column with 4 pages of eye-bugging "WTF? Is there really such a thing?" Spring has arrived and Akiko's editor decides to take her out for a yuri-ful adventure. (Bear in mind kids - this is all real. Akiko is a real person, her editor ditto, and she's about to go to real places.) They start with "Imoutoke Cafe Nagomi" in which all the waitresses address you as onee-sama and act like your adorable little sister. Cafe Nagomi is in Akihabara - the address and phone is printed on the bottom of the page. Then, off to my beloved Ikebukuro section of town and "Maid Refloxology" at (I SWEAR I am not making this up!) M@IFOOT. It is exactly what it sounds like - a reflexology bar where maid-outfit wearing massage therapists rub your feet. I laughed for a solid ten minutes at the name "M@IFOOT." Brilliant! Then, off to B:Lily-Rose, also in Ikebukuro. Take a deep breath. Sit down. Relax. At B:Lily-Rose, the hosts are women in suits, roleplaying Boy's Love couples. The women in suit jackets are seme/tachi/butch/tops and the ones in vests are uke/neko/femme/bottoms. How very wrong is this? I am STILL laughing at the idea. Akiko-sensei, once again, I am insanely jealous. I really ought to write her and tell her so. LOL

Yuri Hime 6

Akiko Morishima is, in real life, a lovely, polite woman. In the day I spent in her company, she never once drooled, nose bleeded or otherwise acted in unflattering or pervy ways. :-) I say this because in her Yuri x Yuri report this issue, you'd never know that, from the way she draws herself as a slavering freak. LOL (She's also much prettier than she draws herself, I have to say.) In this issue, she and Paiin-sama, her editor, visit a girl's school festival. From the first time she'd addressed with "Gokigenyou", Akiko's a mess. LOL It's absolutely hysterical. I think she hits every possible stereotype and festish possible at school festivals...of which there seem to be many.

Yuri Hime 7

This is followed by Morishima Akiko's decidedly un-bitter, slightly sentimental view of women's professional wrestling in her "Yuri x Yuri" life column. Who knew that there was a soeur system in wrestling? Certainly not I. :-)

Yuri Hime 8

Morishima Akiko's Yuri Life column covers her adventures playing Yuri-themed games like Akaito and Katahane, complete with character descriptions and drooling.

Yuri Hime 10

Morishima Akiko weighs in again, this time with the next droolly-faced entry of "Yuri x Yuri Mimasen." This time she and her editor take a break from creating Yuri, to attend (and throw lots of cash at) the all-yuri doujinshi event, "Maiden's Garden."

Yuri Hime 11

This is immediately followed by Morishima Akiko's illustrated column, which this time takes us on a tour of manga shops around Tokyo where she and Chi-Ran recently did signings for their manga collection releases. (I've reviewed Morishima's Rakuen no Jouken already. Chi-Ran's Himitsu Shoujo to come.) I'm really sorry I missed all the signing dates by about a week. Looks like she had a blast. There are several notable things in her column - for one, she refers to these manga as "Yuri" (thank you very much, Morishima-san) and secondly, she comments on how there is yet to be a separate GL section in most of the bookstores, but there are a growing number of stores that are grouping the "Yuri" stuff together in at least small corners. If things keep up the way they are going now, I bet that by the time I get back to Japan, we'll be seeing a shelf or two at least of GL in most stores.

—Preceding unsigned comment added by Kazu-kun (talk • contribs) 03:49, 19 February 2008 (UTC)

Young same-sex affection is considered natural in real-life Japan to a much later age than in the West. The relationships may extend to infatuation complete with gift-giving, kissing (among girls) and other touches many Westerners would consider overtly romantic or sexual. That said, sociological studies conclude that this does not lead to widespread youthful sexual experimentation (especially compared with the United States or the United Kingdom.[28][not in citation given] Homosexuality in Japan still faces social disapproval despite the relative abundance of representations of same sex relationships in mainstream media. Marrying someone of the opposite gender and having children is seen in Japan as the proof that the ones getting married have become responsible adults. Unmarried adults, homosexual or not, are seen as having character problems and face job discrimination.[29] On the other hand, homosexuals who marry a person of the opposite gender even if they are out, even if they also have same sex lovers, are not discriminated against in any way.[30][31] The level of social conformity in general in Japan is considered very high as well.

[edit] Notes and references

  1. ^ Jones, Vanessa E.. He Loves Him, She Loves Them: Japanese comics about gay men are increasingly popular among women. Book. The Boston Globe. Retrieved on 2008-03-21.
  2. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named about-2
  3. ^ a b c Font, Dillon. Pro Amateur Comics - Yuri Doujinshi Rica 'tte Kanji!?. Animefringe. Retrieved on 2008-01-24.
  4. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named gl-mari1
  5. ^ a b Joseidōshi no LOVE wo egaita, danshi kinsei no "Yuri būmu" gayattekuru!? (Japanese). Cyzo. Retrieved on 2008-03-21.
  6. ^ Yuri Shimai. ComiPedia. Retrieved on 2008-01-19.
  7. ^ a b Comic Yuri Hime. ComiPedia. Retrieved on 2008-01-19.
  8. ^ Comic Yuri Hime S. ComiPedia. Retrieved on 2008-01-19.
  9. ^ Ichijinsha's info about Comic Yuri Hime S (Japanese). Ichijinsha. Retrieved on 2008-01-03.
  10. ^ Ichijinsha Bunko (Japanese). Ichijinsha. Retrieved on 2008-02-26.
  11. ^ a b c Welker, James; Suganuma, Katsuhiko (January 2006). "Celebrating Lesbian Sexuality: An Interview with Inoue Meimy, Editor of Japanese Lesbian Erotic Lifestyle Magazine Carmilla". Intersections: Gender, History and Culture in the Asian Context (12). 
  12. ^ Girl's Only listing at Amazon.co.jp (Japanese). Amazon.co.jp. Retrieved on 2008-01-30.
  13. ^ Yuri Manga in Anthropology Course. Anime News Network. Retrieved on 2008-02-23.
  14. ^ ALC Publishing Presents Yuri Manga Anthology Yuri Monogatari 4. ComiPress. Retrieved on 2008-02-21.
  15. ^ a b Thompson, Jason. Falling for Manga! Part 1: A Quick-hit Guide to Autumn 2007's Hottest Manga. OtakuUSA. Retrieved on 2008-02-20.
  16. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named seven-seas
  17. ^ Newtype USA Reviews Voiceful and First Love Sisters Vol. 1. Seven Seas Entertainment. Retrieved on 2008-01-27.
  18. ^ Midashi, Medatsu. Lesbian manga and the art of gilding the lily. WaiWai. Mainichi Daily News. Retrieved on 2008-02-26.
  19. ^ Megumi Ogata, Haruka's voice actor, was told by the director to act as if Haruka and Michiru were married.Johnson, Dany. "Q & A Rocking the Boat", Akadot, Digital Manga, Inc., 2001-04-21. Retrieved on 2007-02-21. "When I was cast to play Haruka, I asked director Kunihiko Ikuhara, "Are they gay?" He answered, "Act as if they are married couple." And I asked him again, "Married couple? You, mean, with two ladies?" He replied, "Yes." So they are husband and wife." 
  20. ^ Takeuchi, Naoko [October 1, 1999]. Materials Collection, Translated by Alex Glover (in English), Japan: Kodansha. Retrieved on 2006-10-10. “[Haruka] plays a male role in Takarazuka.” 
  21. ^ Hurd, Gordon. "Fantastic Fiction", Yahoo! Buzz, 2007-03-20. Retrieved on 2007-07-05. 
  22. ^ Sebert, Paul. "Kissing cousins may bring controversy Cartoon Network juggles controversial topics contained in the Sailor Moon S series", The Daily Athenaeum Interactive, 2000-06-28. Retrieved on 2007-02-21. "Although the L-word has yet to be uttered by a single character, the gay subtext still exists....the two girls referred to each other as "cousins"." 
  23. ^ Sailor Moon S (TV). Anime News Network's Encyclopedia. Retrieved on 2007-01-26. Frederique was voiced by Mark Lesser and Philippe Ogouz, and Sailor Uranus was voiced by Francine Laine.
  24. ^ Sailor Moon episode 180 - "The Brightness of the Calling Stars! Haruka and Company into the War"
  25. ^ Takeuchi, Naoko (April 4, 1997; December 10, 1998). "Act 46", Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon Volume 18. Kodansha. ISBN 4-06-178858-2.  - a translation is available at The Manga of Takeuchi Naoko.
  26. ^ Interview with Kunihiko Ikuhara. Retrieved on 2008-01-29.
  27. ^ Friedman, Erica (May 30, 2007). Now This is Only My Opinion the Fourth. Retrieved on 2007-08-31.
  28. ^ "Queer Japan" (January 2006). Intersections: Gender, History and Culture in the Asian Context (12). 
  29. ^ Wim Lunsing -- Beyond Common Sense: Negotiating Constructions of Sexuality and Gender in Contemporary Japan, London: Kegan Paul International, 1999
  30. ^ M. McLelland -- Male Homosexuality in Modern Japan: Cultural Myths and Social Realities, Richmond: Curzon Press, 2000
  31. ^ Jennifer Robertson -- Sexual Politics and Popular Culture in Modern Japan, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998