Kayani Mughal
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The Mughal Kayani (Urdu: کیانی مغل ) are a clan based in Rawalpindi, northern Pakistan.[1]
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[edit] History
In South Asia, Mughal and Turk are both interchangeable and sometimes used to identify the same ethnic Persian Turko-Mongol people.[2]
In referring to the Mughal recruits into the British Imperial Army regiment, J.M. Wikely advised;
| “ | ...there is little difference between the Túrk and Moghal. The word 'Moghal' even where it is used in an ethnic sense, is frequently misapplied, so as to comprise of many tribes of real Túrki race...The best known clans are - The Barlás, Chagatta and Kiáni | ” |
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—J.M. Wikley, Major of the British Imperial Army of India, Punjab Musalmans Regiment[3] |
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The first British colonial census of Punjab returned 3,861 Mughal Kayanis of the Rawalpindi district.[4]
Denzil Ibbetson further elaborates;
| “ | Others say that the Mughals proper, and especially the Chughattas and Qizilbashes are Kayanis[5] | ” |
In view of the above, it is clear that the existence of a tribe identified and acknowledged as Mughal Kayani.
[edit] Other Kayani tribes
Jalalabad was built by Bahram Khan Kayani, the king of Sistan, for his son Jalaludin, who later invaded Sistan after his father's death, temporarily crushing the Sistani revolt.[6]
The Malik Kayani kings established a renowned rule as well actively encouraged architecture of amenities for their cities;
| “ | "Even now the skeletons of towns and cities dotting the Helmund valley at intervals along its lower reaches attest to the greatness and riches of that Kaiani kingdom which was swept away by the ruthless hand of Nadir Shah...." | ” |
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—Indian Borderland by T.Hungerford Holdich[7] |
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Interestingly, the Jamshidi tribe of Northern Afghanistan also claims Kayani descent and is counted as one of the four most important tribes of Northern Afghanistan, or the Char Aimak. They are ethnically very closed linked to the neighbouring Turkmen tribe with whom they share their greatest marital links[8]. Forts remnant of their past, namely the most famous one being the Fort Kaurmach or Guchmach, known locally as the Jamshidi Fort[9].
Gakhars also claim Kayani origin.
[edit] Diaspora
The Rawalpindi Gazetteer of 1904 records their existence as a Mughal tribe resident in Rawalpindi.[10]
[edit] References
- ^ Rawalpindi Gazetteer 1893-94 2001 Sang e Meel Publ., p115
- ^ Punjabi Musalmans by J. M. Wikeley, Manohar Publ. 1991, p94
- ^ Punjabi Musalmans JM Wikely, Manohar Publ. 1991, p94
- ^ Punjab Castes, Denzil Ibbetson, 2002, p212
- ^ Punjab Castes, Denzil Ibbetson, 2002, p212
- ^ Eastern Persia. An Account of the Journeys of the Persian Boundary by William Thomas Blanford, p303
- ^ Indian Borderland by T. Hungerford Holdich, 1996, p392
- ^ The Russo-Afghan Question and the Invasion of India 1885, p139
- ^ Northern Afghanistan by Charles Edward Yate, 2002, p141
- ^ Rawalpindi Gazetteer 1893-94 2001 Sang e Meel Publ., p115
[edit] See also
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