Karol Antoniewicz

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Karol Antoniewicz (Botoz.) (born in Lwów (now Lviv Ukraine), 6 November 1807; died 14 November 1852) was a Polish Jesuit and missionary.

1 Life
2 Works
3 References
4 External link

[edit] Life

He was the son of Joseph Antoniewicz, a nobleman and lawyer. His pious mother Josephine, nee Nikorowicz, attended to his early training on their estate at Skwarzawa, where they had moved in 1818.

After the death of his father (1823), Karol entered the university at Lwów, to study law, devoting, however, much time to philology; hence besides Polish, he spoke fluent German, French, Italian, and English. Here he also gathered material for the history of the Armenians in Poland (his ancestors were Armenians) and wrote Polish and German poetry.

Having finished his course in law with the highest distinction (1827), he made a tour through Austria and Rumania. During the Polish insurrection of 1830-31, he served for some time under General Dwernicki.

In 1833 he married his cousin Sophia Nikorowicz, and settled in Skwarzawa. His marital life ended with the death of his five children, followed shortly by that of his wife, who took religious vows on her death-bed. His mother also died as a religious in the Benedictine Order. This, as well as the advice of his spiritual director, Father Frederic Rinn, S.J., induced him to seek admission into the novitiate of the Jesuits at Stara Wies in September, 1839, where he took the solemn vows on 12 September, 1841.

His philosophical studies were made at Tarnopol, where he was a colleague of the theologian Cardinal Franzelin. His theological studies he finished at Nowy Sacz. He was ordained priest on 10 October, 1844, by Bishop Jan Marceli Gutkowski.

Upon the request of Count D'Este, Governor of Galicia, the Provincial (Father Pierling) appointed him missionary for the Sandec district, where crime and lawlessness (massacre of the nobility, 1846) reigned supreme. During seven months, Antoniewicz gave over twenty missions, preached over 200 sermons. His impaired health, however, compelled him to seek a mountainous climate in spring, 1847. Having recovered, he was assigned to St. Nicholas in Lwów, as preacher, and as confessor for students.

When on 7 May, 1848, the Society of Jesus was dissolved in Austria, Antoniewicz went to Silesia (Graefenberg), returning incognito, however, to Lwów, in 1850. Being discovered, he left the country, stopping at Cracow, just after the conflagration of 18 July, 1850, to console the inhabitants. On this occasion, he delivered the sermon "On the ruins of Cracow" (Na zgliszczach Krakowa).

At the insistence of Cardinal Diepenbrock he gave missions in Silesia; there he also founded a house in Nissa, and was appointed its first superior. Asked by Archbishop Leon Przyłuski, he extended his missionary activity to Posen (1852). He contracted cholera and died of it.

In the church at Obra, where he rests, his friends erected to his memory a monument, surmounted by his bust.

[edit] Works

He composed over seventy-six different works; six before he became a Jesuit, and seventy as a Jesuit, twenty-seven of which were published after his death.

In youth he composed many charming poems; later he gave preference to religious themes. He had genuine poetic talent, and a facile pen, for example in his "Wianek krzyzowy" (Garland of the Cross), "Wianek majowy" (Wreath of May), "Jan Kanty, Sw. Jacek" (St. Hyacinth), etc. He is the author of many devotional and ascetic works, e. g. "Czytania swiateczne dla ludu" (Festive Readings for the Faithful), "Sw. Izydor Oracz" (St. Isidore), "Groby swietych polskich" (The Tombs of Polish Saints), "Listy w duchu Bozym do przyjaciol" (Spiritual Letters to Friends), and many others.

His sermons were collected and arranged by his fellow Jesuit, John Badeni, and published in four volumes (Cracow, 1893, 2d ed.), under the title "Kazania Ks. Karols Antoniewicza". "Zbiór poezti" (a collection of poems) was likewise published in 1898-99 by Badeni.

[edit] References

Ks. S. Baracz, Zywoty slawnych Ormoan w Polsce (Lemberg, 1856);
Speil, P. Karl Antoniewicz, Missonar der Gesellschaft Jesu, ein Lebensbild (Breslau, 1875);
Badeni, Ks. Karol Antoniewicz (Cracow, 1896):
Pelczar, Zarys dziejow kaznodziejstwa (Cracow, 1896), II, 320-322;
Kuliczkowski, Zarya dziejow literatury pol. (Lemberg, 1891), 404, 404;
Ks. Karol Antoniewicz, S.J., krotkie wspomniennie zycia i prae w polwiekowa rocznice jego zgonu (Cracow, 1902)