Judiciary of India
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Judiciary of India as of today is the continuation of the British Legal system established by the English in the mid-19th century. Before the arrival of the Europeans in India, she was governed by laws based on The Arthashastra, dating from the 400 BC, and the Manusmriti from 100 AD. They were influential treatises in India, texts that were considered authoritative legal guidance. Manu's central philosophy was tolerance and pluralism. The Judiciary,]the Executive, and the Legislature were the same person the King or the Ruler of the Land. But the villages had considerable independence, and had their own panchayth system to resolve disputes among its members. Only a bigger feud merited a trans village council. This tradition in India continued beyond the Islamic conquest of India, and through to the Middle Ages. Islamic law "The Sharia" was applied only to the Muslims of the country. But this tradition, along with Islamic law, was supplanted by the common law when India became part of the British Empire. The history of Modern Judicial System in India starts from there.
[edit] Jurisdiction and Seat of High Courts of India
| Name | Year of Establishment | Jurisdiction | Seats |
|---|---|---|---|
| Allahabad | 1866 | Uttar Pradesh | Allahabad(Bench at Lucknow) |
| Andhra Pradesh | 1956 | Andhra Pradesh | Hydrabad |
| Bombay | 1862 | Maharashtra, Goa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu | Bombay(Benches at Nagpur, Panaji and Aurangabad) |
| Calcutta | 1862 | West Bengal | Calcutta(Circuit Bench at Port Blair) |
| Chhattisgarh | 2000 | Chhattisgarh | Bilaspur |
| Delhi | 1966 | Delhi | Delhi |
| Guwahati | 1948 | Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland,Tripura, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh | Guwahati(Benches at Kohima, Aizwal &Imphal.Circuit Bench at Agartala &Shillong) |
| Gujarat | 1960 | Gujarat | Ahmedabad |
| Himachal Pradesh | 1971 | Himachal Pradesh | Shimla |
| Jammu &Kashmir | 1928 | Jammu &Kashmir | Srinagar &Jammu |
| Jharkhand | 2000 | Jharkhand | Ranchi |
| Karnataka | 1884 | Karnataka | Bangalore |
| Kerala | 1958 | Kerala &Lakshadweep | Ernakulam |
| Madhya Pradesh | 1956 | Madhya Pradesh | Jabalpur(Benches at Gwalior and Indore) |
| Madras | 1862 | Tamil Nadu & Pondicherry | Chennai |
| Orissa | 1948 | Orissa | Cuttack |
| Patna | 1916 | Bihar | Patna(Bench at Ranchi) |
| Punjab & Haryana | 1975 | Punjab,Haryana &Chandigarh | Chandigarh |
| Rajasthan | 1949 | Rajastan | Jodhpur(Bench at Jaipur) |
| Sikkim | 1975 | Sikkim | Gangtok |
| Uttarakhand | 2000 | Uttarakhand | Nainital |
