Joseph Henry Pendleton

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Joseph Henry Pendleton
June 2, 1860 (1860-06-02)—February 4, 1942 (aged 81)

Major General Joseph Henry Pendleton
Place of birth Rochester, Pennsylvania
Place of death Coronado, California
Allegiance United States of America
Service/branch United States Marine Corps
Years of service 1884-1924
Rank Major General
Battles/wars Spanish-American War
Philippine-American War

Major General Joseph Henry Pendleton (June 2, 1860 - February 4, 1942) was a United States Marine Corps general for whom Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton is named.[1] Pendleton served in the Marine Corps for over 40 years.

Contents

[edit] Biography

Joseph Henry Pendleton was born on 2 June 1860 in Rochester, Pennsylvania, to Joseph Rhodes Pendleton and Martha Jane Cross.[2] He was appointed to the United States Naval Academy in 1878. He graduated from the Naval Academy and was appointed a second lieutenant on 1 July 1884.

[edit] Early Marine Corps career

His first duty was performed at the Marine Barracks, Navy Yard, New York where he served from 31 August 1884 to 7 February 1885. From here Second Lieutenant Pendleton went to Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and joined the USS Pensacola on 20 March 1885. On 6 March 1888, Lieutenant Pendleton reported at the Marine Barracks, New York. His next duty was at the Marine Barracks, Mare Island, California, where he served from 24 May 1889 to 12 May 1892, but between 21 June and 14 October 1891, he was on temporary detached duty on board the AL-KI, cruising in the Bering Sea.

First Lieutenant Pendleton served at the Marine Barracks, Sitka, Alaska, from 5 June 1892 to 28 June 1894 and also from 3 November 1899 to 21 March 1904. On 28 June 1891, Pendleton was promoted to the grade of first lieutenant. During the period intervening between these two tours of duty in Alaska, Lieutenant Pendleton served at Marine Barracks in Washington, D.C., New York, Annapolis, and on board the USS Yankee.

First Lieutenant Pendleton was promoted to captain on 3 March 1899 and to major on 3 March 1903. After being detached from the Marine Barracks, Sitka, Alaska, on 21 March 1904, Major Pendleton reported to the Marine Barracks, Mare Island, California, on 2 April 1904. On 28 May 1904, he joined the First Brigade of Marines in the Philippine Islands and on 7 April 1905. reported at Olongapo, Philippine Islands, where he served until 27 January 1906.

From 5 February to 26 July 1906, Major Pendleton commanded the Marines on the Island of Guam. From 29 September 1906 to 20 September 1909, Major Pendleton commanded the Marine Barracks, at Puget Sound, Bremerton, Washington.

[edit] Service in Cuba and the Philippines

On 1 January 1908, Major Pendleton was promoted to the grade of lieutenant colonel. Lieutenant Colonel Pendleton joined the First Brigade of Marines in the Philippines for his second tour of duty there, on 4 November 1902. He performed duty as the Commanding Officer of the First Brigade and the Post Commander, and Commanding Officer of the First Brigade and the Post Commander, and Commanding Officer of the First Regiment, at Olongapo. On 23 May 1911, Lieutenant Colonel Pendleton was promoted to the grade of colonel.

[edit] Service in Nicaragua and Cuba, 1912-1913

He was detached from the Philippine Islands on 6 May 1912 and returned to the United States via the Suez Canal and Europe, reporting to the Marine Barracks Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on 1 August 1912. Colonel Pendleton was detached on temporary foreign shore service from 23 August 1912, until 16 December 1912. This foreign service covered the period of the 1912 operations in Nicaragua. Colonel Pendleton was in command of the Marines during this campaign in the skirmishes at Massaya and Chichigalpa, and the capture of Coyotepe and Leon. From 19 February to 1 June 1913, Colonel Pendleton was absent with an expeditionary force at Guatanamo Bay, Cuba. On 20 August 1913, he was detached from the Marine Barracks at Portsmouth.

From 13 September 1913 to 19 December 1914, Colonel Pendleton was in command of the Marine Barracks at Puget Sound, Washington, and was absent on expeditionary duty for a good part of this period.

[edit] Service in San Diego

He was absent in command of the Fourth Regiment from 17 April to 19 December 1914, on board the USS South Dakota, and at Camp Howard, North Island, San Diego. From 19 December 1914 to 3 February 1916, Colonel Pendleton was in command of the Fourth Regiment at San Diego, part of the time being absent on expeditionary duty and temporary sea duty with the Pacific Fleet.

From 3 February to 31 December 1916, Colonel Pendleton was in command of the Marine Barracks at San Diego, but from 6 June to 31 December 1916, he was absent on expeditionary duty in command of the Fourth Regiment. He was placed in command of all Naval Forces ashore in Santo Domingo on 19 June 1916. Colonel Pendleton was promoted to Brigadier General on 29 August 1916.

On 22 November 1916, Brigadier General Pendleton was detailed to command the Second Provisional Brigade in Santo Domingo, and on 31 December 1916 was detached from the Marine Barracks, San Diego, and assigned to permanent duty in Santo Domingo. Brigadier General Pendleton was acting Military Governor of Santo Domingo from 29 October to 29 November 1917, and on 18 March 1918 was designated Military Governor of Santo Domingo, temporarily in the absence of the Military Governor. He was detached from Santo Domingo on 21 October 1918 and reported to Headquarters, Marine Corps, Washington, D.C. on 28 October 1918.

From 11 November 1918 to 25 September 1919, Brigadier General Pendleton commanded the Marine Barracks at Parris Island, South Carolina, and on 1 October 1919, joined the Second Advanced Base Force at San Diego, as its Commanding General.

From 1 October to 7 November 1921, General Pendleton was in command of the Department of the Pacific at San Francisco. Upon the establishment of the Fifth Brigade of Marines in 4 October 1921, General Pendleton was assigned to that organization as the commanding officer. In addition to these duties he was assigned the additional duty as Commanding General Department of the Pacific in the absence of General Barnett, from 13 May 1922 to 2 September 1922. Pendleton was promoted to Major General on December 10, 1923.

From 9 February to 29 March 1924, General Pendleton was on duty inspecting Marine Corps stations and organizations in Central America and West Indies. After this inspection trip, he was on a short tour of duty at Headquarters Marine Corps and on 12 May 1924, he resumed duties at San Diego, as Commanding Officer of the Fifth Brigade Marines.

[edit] Retirement

On 2 June 1924, at age 64, General Pendleton was retired after 46 years of service in the Marine Corps. He settled in Coronado, California. He served as mayor of Coronado from 1928 to 1930. He died on 4 February 1942, at his home at age 81.

[edit] Awards and decorations

Pendleton's awards include the Navy Cross and the Distinguished Service Medal.

[edit] Namesakes

In addition to Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, the following bear Pendleton's name:

Mary Fay Pendleton Elementary School was named after Joseph Pendleton's wife, Mary.

[edit] See also

United States Marine Corps Portal

[edit] References

  1. ^ The Man Behind the Name. Camp Pendleton, United States Marine Corps. Archived from the original on 2007-06-07.
  2. ^ Joseph Henry Pendleton
  3. ^ Named Buildings at MCRD San Diego. MCRD Museum Historical Society. Retrieved on 2007-10-08.
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the United States Marine Corps.

[edit] External links

  • Denger, Mark J.. Camp Pendleton. Historic California Posts: A Brief History of the U.S. Marine Corps in San Diego. California Military Museum. Retrieved on 2007-10-30.