User:JonSDSUGrad/Sandbox/TEST HLA

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

major histocompatibility complex
Identifiers
Symbol(s)	HLA-B; HLA B; SPDA1
External IDs	OMIM: 142830 HomoloGene: 83181
Gene ontology Molecular Function: • antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I • molecular_function • cellular_component • membrane fraction • integral to plasma membrane • defense response • immune response • biological_process • membrane • integral to membrane • antigen processing and presentation • MHC class I receptor activity • MHC class I protein complex
Orthologs
	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3106	547349
Ensembl	ENSG00000204523	n/a
Uniprot	P01889	n/a
Refseq	NM_005514 (mRNA) NP_005505 (protein)	NM_001025208 (mRNA) NP_001020379 (protein)
Location	Chr 6: 31.43 - 31.43 Mb	n/a
Pubmed search	[1]	[2]

HLA-B belongs to the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues. This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). The heavy chain is anchored in the membrane. Class I molecules play a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. They are expressed in nearly all cells. The heavy chain is approximately 45 kDa and its gene contains 8 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exon 2 and 3 encode the alpha1 and alpha2 domains, which both bind the peptide, exon 4 encodes the alpha3 domain, exon 5 encodes the transmembrane region and exons 6 and 7 encode the cytoplasmic tail. Polymorphisms within exon 2 and exon 3 are responsible for the peptide binding specificity of each class one molecule. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. Hundreds of HLA-B alleles have been described