User:JonSDSUGrad/Sandbox/TEST APOE

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

apolipoprotein E
Identifiers
Symbol(s)	APOE; AD2; MGC1571; apoprotein
External IDs	OMIM: 107741 MGI: 88057 HomoloGene: 30951
Gene ontology Molecular Function: • response to reactive oxygen species • beta-amyloid binding • lipid transporter activity • phospholipid binding • extracellular region • cytoplasm • cholesterol catabolic process • lipid transport • calcium ion homeostasis • induction of apoptosis • cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis • synaptic transmission, cholinergic • learning and/or memory • circulation • lipoprotein binding • heparin binding • antioxidant activity • regulation of axon extension • lipoprotein metabolic process • vasodilation • chylomicron • cholesterol homeostasis • intracellular transport • tau protein binding • regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity • apolipoprotein E receptor binding • protein tetramerization
Orthologs
	Human	Mouse
Entrez	348	11816
Ensembl	ENSG00000130203	ENSMUSG00000002985
Uniprot	P02649	P08226
Refseq	NM_000041 (mRNA) NP_000032 (protein)	NM_009696 (mRNA) NP_033826 (protein)
Location	Chr 19: 50.1 - 50.1 Mb	Chr 7: 18.85 - 18.86 Mb
Pubmed search	[1]	[2]

Chylomicron remnants and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) remnants are rapidly removed from the circulation by receptor-mediated endocytosis in the liver. Apolipoprotein E, a main apoprotein of the chylomicron, binds to a specific receptor on liver cells and peripheral cells. ApoE is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. The APOE gene is mapped to chromosome 19 in a cluster with APOC1 and APOC2. Defects in apolipoprotein E result in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, or type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III), in which increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are the consequence of impaired clearance of chylomicron and VLDL remnants.