User:JonSDSUGrad/Sandbox/TEST6 Apolipoprotein E

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apolipoprotein E

PDB rendering based on 1b68.

Available structures: 1b68, 1bz4, 1ea8, 1gs9, 1h7i, 1le2, 1le4, 1lpe, 1nfn, 1nfo, 1or2, 1or3

Identifiers

Symbol(s)

APOE; AD2; MGC1571; apoprotein

External IDs

OMIM: 107741 MGI: 88057 HomoloGene: 30951

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• response to reactive oxygen species • beta-amyloid binding • lipid transporter activity • phospholipid binding • extracellular region • cytoplasm • cholesterol catabolic process • lipid transport • cellular calcium ion homeostasis • induction of apoptosis • cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis • synaptic transmission, cholinergic • learning and/or memory • circulation • lipoprotein binding • heparin binding • antioxidant activity • regulation of axon extension • lipoprotein metabolic process • vasodilation • chylomicron • cholesterol homeostasis • intracellular transport • tau protein binding • regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity • apolipoprotein E receptor binding • protein tetramerization

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

n/a

Refseq

NM_000041 (mRNA)
NP_000032 (protein)

NM_009696 (mRNA)
NP_033826 (protein)

Location

Chr 19: 50.1 - 50.1 Mb

Chr 7: 18.85 - 18.86 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

[edit] Summary

Chylomicron remnants and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) remnants are rapidly removed from the circulation by receptor-mediated endocytosis in the liver. Apolipoprotein E, a main apoprotein of the chylomicron, binds to a specific receptor on liver cells and peripheral cells. ApoE is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. The APOE gene is mapped to chromosome 19 in a cluster with APOC1 and APOC2. Defects in apolipoprotein E result in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, or type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III), in which increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are the consequence of impaired clearance of chylomicron and VLDL remnants.^[1]