User:JonSDSUGrad/Sandbox/TEST11 p21

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Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1), also known as CDKN1A, is a human gene.

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1)

Identifiers

Symbol(s)

CDKN1A; CAP20; CDKN1; CIP1; MDA-6; P21; SDI1; WAF1; p21CIP1

External IDs

OMIM: 116899 MGI: 104556 HomoloGene: 333

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• protein kinase activity • cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity • zinc ion binding • kinase activity • cyclin binding • metal ion binding
Cellular Component:	• cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex • nucleus
Biological Process:	• response to DNA damage stimulus • cell cycle • cell cycle arrest • negative regulation of cell proliferation • induction of apoptosis by intracellular signals • response to UV • positive regulation of B cell proliferation • negative regulation of apoptosis • positive regulation of non-apoptotic programmed cell death • negative regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

Refseq

NM_000389 (mRNA)
NP_000380 (protein)

NM_007669 (mRNA)
NP_031695 (protein)

Location

Chr 6: 36.75 - 36.76 Mb

Chr 17: 28.82 - 28.83 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

This gene encodes a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. The encoded protein binds to and inhibits the activity of cyclin-CDK2 or -CDK4 complexes, and thus functions as a regulator of cell cycle progression at G1. The expression of this gene is tightly controlled by the tumor suppressor protein p53, through which this protein mediates the p53-dependent cell cycle G1 phase arrest in response to a variety of stress stimuli. This protein can interact with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a DNA polymerase accessory factor, and plays a regulatory role in S phase DNA replication and DNA damage repair. This protein was reported to be specifically cleaved by CASP3-like caspases, which thus leads to a dramatic activation of CDK2, and may be instrumental in the execution of apoptosis following caspase activation. Two alternatively spliced variants, which encode an identical protein, have been reported.^[1]

[edit] References

^ Entrez Gene: CDKN1A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1).

[edit] Further reading

Marone M, Bonanno G, Rutella S, et al. (2003). "Survival and cell cycle control in early hematopoiesis: role of bcl-2, and the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors P27 and P21.". Leuk. Lymphoma 43 (1): 51-7. PMID 11908736.
Fang JY, Lu YY (2002). "Effects of histone acetylation and DNA methylation on p21( WAF1) regulation.". World J. Gastroenterol. 8 (3): 400-5. PMID 12046058.
Tokumoto M, Tsuruya K, Fukuda K, et al. (2003). "Parathyroid cell growth in patients with advanced secondary hyperparathyroidism: vitamin D receptor and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21 and p27.". Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 18 Suppl 3: iii9-12. PMID 12771291.
Amini S, Khalili K, Sawaya BE (2004). "Effect of HIV-1 Vpr on cell cycle regulators.". DNA Cell Biol. 23 (4): 249-60. doi:10.1089/104454904773819833. PMID 15142382.
Zhang Z, Wang H, Li M, et al. (2006). "Novel MDM2 p53-independent functions identified through RNA silencing technologies.". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1058: 205-14. doi:10.1196/annals.1359.030. PMID 16394138.