User:JonSDSUGrad/Sandbox/TEST11 PPARG

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, also known as PPARG, is a human gene.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
PDB rendering based on 1fm6.
Available structures: 1fm6, 1fm9, 1i7i, 1k74, 1knu, 1nyx, 1prg, 1rdt, 1wm0, 1zeo, 1zgy, 2ath, 2f4b, 2fvj, 2g0g, 2g0h, 2gtk, 2hfp, 2i4j, 2i4p, 2i4z, 2om9, 2prg, 3prg, 4prg
Identifiers
Symbol(s) PPARG; NR1C3; PPARG1; PPARG2
External IDs OMIM: 601487 MGI: 97747 HomoloGene: 7899
RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data
Orthologs
Human Mouse
Entrez 5468 19016
Ensembl ENSG00000132170 ENSMUSG00000000440
Uniprot P37231 A0N0C8
Refseq NM_005037 (mRNA)
NP_005028 (protein)		 NM_011146 (mRNA)
NP_035276 (protein)
Location Chr 3: 12.3 - 12.45 Mb Chr 6: 115.39 - 115.46 Mb
Pubmed search [1] [2]

This gene encodes a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-delta, and PPAR-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene is PPAR-gamma and is a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Additionally, PPAR-gamma has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described.[1]

[edit] References

  1. ^ Entrez Gene: PPARG peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma.

[edit] Further reading

  • Qi C, Zhu Y, Reddy JK (2001). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, coactivators, and downstream targets.". Cell Biochem. Biophys. 32 Spring: 187-204. PMID 11330046. 
  • Kadowaki T, Hara K, Kubota N, et al. (2002). "The role of PPARgamma in high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.". J. Diabetes Complicat. 16 (1): 41-5. PMID 11872365. 
  • Wakino S, Law RE, Hsueh WA (2002). "Vascular protective effects by activation of nuclear receptor PPARgamma.". J. Diabetes Complicat. 16 (1): 46-9. PMID 11872366. 
  • Takano H, Komuro I (2002). "Roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in cardiovascular disease.". J. Diabetes Complicat. 16 (1): 108-14. PMID 11872377. 
  • Stumvoll M, Häring H (2002). "The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 Pro12Ala polymorphism.". Diabetes 51 (8): 2341-7. PMID 12145143. 
  • Koeffler HP (2003). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and cancers.". Clin. Cancer Res. 9 (1): 1-9. PMID 12538445. 
  • Puigserver P, Spiegelman BM (2003). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha): transcriptional coactivator and metabolic regulator.". Endocr. Rev. 24 (1): 78-90. PMID 12588810. 
  • Takano H, Hasegawa H, Nagai T, Komuro I (2003). "The role of PPARgamma-dependent pathway in the development of cardiac hypertrophy.". Drugs Today 39 (5): 347-57. PMID 12861348. 
  • Rangwala SM, Lazar MA (2004). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in diabetes and metabolism.". Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 25 (6): 331-6. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2004.03.012. PMID 15165749. 
  • Cuzzocrea S (2005). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma ligands and ischemia and reperfusion injury.". Vascul. Pharmacol. 41 (6): 187-95. doi:10.1016/j.vph.2004.10.004. PMID 15653094. 
  • Pégorier JP (2005). "[PPAR receptors and insulin sensitivity: new agonists in development]". Ann. Endocrinol. (Paris) 66 (2 Pt 2): 1S10-7. PMID 15959400. 
  • Tsai YS, Maeda N (2005). "PPARgamma: a critical determinant of body fat distribution in humans and mice.". Trends Cardiovasc. Med. 15 (3): 81-5. doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2005.04.002. PMID 16039966. 
  • Gurnell M (2006). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and the regulation of adipocyte function: lessons from human genetic studies.". Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 19 (4): 501-23. doi:10.1016/j.beem.2005.10.001. PMID 16311214. 
  • Cecil JE, Watt P, Palmer CN, Hetherington M (2006). "Energy balance and food intake: the role of PPARgamma gene polymorphisms.". Physiol. Behav. 88 (3): 227-33. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.05.028. PMID 16777151. 
  • Rousseaux C, Desreumaux P (2007). "[The peroxisome-proliferator-activated gamma receptor and chronic inflammatory bowel disease (PPARgamma and IBD)]". J. Soc. Biol. 200 (2): 121-31. PMID 17151549. 
  • Eriksson JG (2007). "Gene polymorphisms, size at birth, and the development of hypertension and type 2 diabetes.". J. Nutr. 137 (4): 1063-5. PMID 17374678. 
  • Burgermeister E, Seger R (2007). "MAPK kinases as nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttles for PPARgamma.". Cell Cycle 6 (13): 1539-48. PMID 17611413.