User:JonSDSUGrad/Sandbox/PPARG-2

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
PDB rendering based on 1fm6.
Available structures: 1fm6, 1fm9, 1i7i, 1k74, 1knu, 1nyx, 1prg, 1rdt, 1wm0, 1zeo, 1zgy, 2ath, 2f4b, 2fvj, 2g0g, 2g0h, 2gtk, 2hfp, 2i4j, 2i4p, 2i4z, 2om9, 2prg, 3prg, 4prg
Identifiers
Symbol(s)	PPARG; NR1C3; PPARG1; PPARG2
External IDs	OMIM: 601487 MGI: 97747 HomoloGene: 7899
Gene ontology Molecular Function: • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription factor activity • steroid hormone receptor activity • protein binding • nucleus • cytosol • generation of precursor metabolites and energy • transcription • regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • lipid metabolic process • signal transduction • response to nutrient • zinc ion binding • transcription activator activity • transcription repressor activity • epithelial cell differentiation • sequence-specific DNA binding • cell fate commitment • regulation of fat cell differentiation • positive regulation of transcription • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • metal ion binding • white fat cell differentiation
Orthologs
	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5468	19016
Ensembl	ENSG00000132170	ENSMUSG00000000440
Uniprot	P37231	n/a
Refseq	NM_005037 (mRNA) NP_005028 (protein)	NM_011146 (mRNA) NP_035276 (protein)
Location	Chr 3: 12.3 - 12.45 Mb	Chr 6: 115.39 - 115.46 Mb
Pubmed search	[1]	[2]

[edit] Summary

This gene encodes a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-delta, and PPAR-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene is PPAR-gamma and is a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Additionally, PPAR-gamma has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described. ^[1]

[edit] References

1. ^ Entrez Gene: PPARG peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. Retrieved on 2007-08-13.

[edit] Further Reading

• Johan G Eriksson (2007). "Gene polymorphisms, size at birth, and the development of hypertension and type 2 diabetes.". The Journal of nutrition 137 (4). PMID 17374678. 
• Joanne E Cecil, Peter Watt, Colin N Palmer, Marion Hetherington (2006). "Energy balance and food intake: the role of PPARgamma gene polymorphisms.". Physiology & behavior 88 (3). PMID 16777151. 
• Christel Rousseaux, Pierre Desreumaux (2007). "[The peroxisome-proliferator-activated gamma receptor and chronic inflammatory bowel disease (PPARgamma and IBD)]". Journal de la Société de biologie 200 (2). PMID 17151549. 
• Mark Gurnell (2006). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and the regulation of adipocyte function: lessons from human genetic studies.". Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism 19 (4). PMID 16311214. 
• J-P Pégorier (2005). "[PPAR receptors and insulin sensitivity: new agonists in development]". Annales d'endocrinologie 66 (2 Pt 2). PMID 15959400. 
• Yau-Sheng Tsai, Nobuyo Maeda (2005). "PPARgamma: a critical determinant of body fat distribution in humans and mice.". Trends in cardiovascular medicine 15 (3). PMID 16039966. 
• Salvatore Cuzzocrea (2005). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma ligands and ischemia and reperfusion injury.". Vascular pharmacology 41 (6). PMID 15653094. 
• Shamina M Rangwala, Mitchell A Lazar (2004). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in diabetes and metabolism.". Trends in pharmacological sciences 25 (6). PMID 15165749. 
• Hiroyuki Takano, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Toshio Nagai, Issei Komuro (2003). "The role of PPARgamma-dependent pathway in the development of cardiac hypertrophy.". Drugs of today (Barcelona, Spain : 1998) 39 (5). PMID 12861348. 
• Pere Puigserver, Bruce M Spiegelman (2003). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha): transcriptional coactivator and metabolic regulator.". Endocrine reviews 24 (1). PMID 12588810. 
• H Phillip Koeffler (2003). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and cancers.". Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 9 (1). PMID 12538445. 
• Michael Stumvoll, Hans Häring (2002). "The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 Pro12Ala polymorphism.". Diabetes 51 (8). PMID 12145143. 
• Hiroyuki Takano, Issei Komuro (2002). "Roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in cardiovascular disease.". Journal of diabetes and its complications 16 (1). PMID 11872377. 
• Shu Wakino, Ronald E Law, Willa A Hsueh (2002). "Vascular protective effects by activation of nuclear receptor PPARgamma.". Journal of diabetes and its complications 16 (1). PMID 11872366. 
• Takashi Kadowaki, Kazuo Hara, Naoto Kubota, Kazuyuki Tobe, Yasuo Terauchi, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Kazuhiro Eto, Hiroko Kadowaki, Mitsuhiko Noda, Ryoko Hagura, Yauso Akanuma (2002). "The role of PPARgamma in high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance.". Journal of diabetes and its complications 16 (1). PMID 11872365. 
• C Qi, Y Zhu, J K Reddy (2001). "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, coactivators, and downstream targets.". Cell biochemistry and biophysics 32 Spring. PMID 11330046.