John Hodge (politician)
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John Hodge (29 October 1855 - 10 August 1937) was a Coalition Labour party politician in the United Kingdom, and was the first Minister of Labour and the second Minister of Pensions.
Hodge was born in Linkeyburn, Ayrshire and attended Ironworks School and Hutcheonstown Grammar School. When he was thirteen Hodge left school to become a solicitor's clerk and then in a grocer's shop before becoming joining the local iron works as a puddler, the same job as his father.
It was here that Hodge first got involved with trade unionism. Hodge helped form the British Steel Smelters' Association, which he was elected secretary, in 1885 because their bosses at Colville Works in Motherwell had informed them that their wages would be twenty per cent lower than before. The BSSA was a success and by the summer of 1886 practically every smelter in Scotland had become a member and by 1888 the BSSA had members joining from England and Wales and become affiliated with the TUC. The BSSA rarely organised strikes but Hodge was successful at negotiating increases in wages.
He was on Manchester City Council from 1897 to 1901. After failed attempts to get elected as a Liberal Hodge was elected at the 1906 general election as a Labour Party Member of Parliament for Manchester Gorton. When war was declared in 1914 Hodge took a very patriotic stance and criticised other Labour politicians for opposing it. From 1915 to 1916 Hodge was Acting Chairman of the Labour Party.
In 1916 he was part of the Mesopotamia Commission of Inquiry. He was also elected as president of the British Iron, Steel & Kindred Trades Association which he had helped to form with other iron and steel unions. From December 1916 to August 1917, Hodge was the first Minister of Labour and had a seat in the Cabinet. At this job Hodge claimed that all strikes during war-time were acts of treason and Hodge successfully made striking boilermakers to go back to work by threatening to charge them with the Defence of the Realm Act.
From August 1917 to January 1919, Hodge was Minister of Pensions
The Labour Party was not pleased with Hodge's anti-strike and patriotic actions and therefore put up a candidate against him in the general election of 1918 but failed to unseat Hodge. Hodge kept his seat in the general election of 1922 but retired from Parliament at the general election of 1923. Hodge continued to argue against strikes during the General Strike of 1926 and retired from the presidency of the British Iron, Steel & Kindred Trades Association in 1931.
Hodge was turned down for military service because he was too old. Arthur Griffith-Boscawen, who served under Hodge, called him a "fat, rampaging and most patriotic Tory working man".[1]
[edit] Notes
- ^ Sir Arthur Griffith-Boscawen, Memoirs (1925), p. 207.
[edit] External links
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Ernest Frederic George Hatch |
Member of Parliament for Manchester Gorton 1906-23 |
Succeeded by Joseph Compton |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by Thomas Burt |
President of the Trades Union Congress 1892 |
Succeeded by S. Munro |
| Preceded by Richard Bell |
Chair of the Labour Party 1903–1904 |
Succeeded by David Shackleton |
| Preceded by New position |
Minister for Labour 1916-17 |
Succeeded by George Henry Roberts |
