John Emil Peurifoy
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John Emil Peurifoy (August 9, 1907 - August 12, 1955) was an American diplomat who helped organize the United Nations and was an ambassador in the early years of the Cold War. He served as United States ambassador in key frontline countries including Greece and Thailand and was the United States Ambassador to Guatemala during the 1954 coup that overthrew the democratic government of Jacobo Arbenz.
[edit] Early life
Peurifoy was born in Walterboro, South Carolina on August 9, 1907. His mother died when he was six, and his father died in his teenage years. Peurifoy lived in a variety of places in South Carolina until he managed to attain an appointment to West Point in 1926. He had to drop out of the military academy after two years because of pneumonia. He was a Fulbright Scholar and graduated from the Fletcher School of Law Diplomacy at Tufts University.
[edit] Professional and diplomatic career
During World War II, Peurifoy began working as a clerk in the Economic Warfare and War Production Boards. In 1945, Peurifoy organized a meeting in San Francisco for the United Nations, and in 1949 he became the Deputy Undersecretary of State. In 1950, he was assigned to be the ambassador to Greece. During his three year tenure in Greece, he helped put together a center-right Greek government that included the Greek royal family. Due to his direct and un-diplomatic involvement in Greece's internal affairs, his name has still extremely negative connotations and every foreigner attempting to interfere with Greece's politics is characterized as a "Peurifoy".
In 1953, during the Eisenhower administration, Peurifoy was dispatched to Guatemala as ambassador. In 1953, the CIA set into motion an operation to overthrow the government of Guatemala, which was then led by Jacobo Arbenz. Peurifoy pressed Arbenz hard on his positions on land reform and communism and, at certain points, may have participated in the coup. After the CIA successfully overthrew Arbenz, Peurifoy worked with the military junta that controlled the country afterwards, led by Carlos Castillo Armas, a Guatemalan rebel; Armas was later declared president of Guatemala and Peurifoy was given a new post: U.S. ambassador to Thailand.
On August 12, 1955, while serving as ambassador in Thailand, Peurifoy and one of his sons died in an auto accident near Hua Hin, Thailand. In Thailand, there is a John E. Peurifoy Memorial Foundation, which provides funds for Fulbright Scholars.
[edit] See also
| Diplomatic posts | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Henry F. Grady |
United States Ambassador to Greece 1950 - 1953 |
Succeeded by Cavendish W. Cannon |
| Preceded by Rudolf E. Schoenfeld |
United States Ambassador to Guatemala 1953 – 1954 |
Succeeded by Norman Armour |
| Preceded by William J. Donovan |
United States Ambassador to Thailand 1954 – 1955 |
Succeeded by Max Waldo Bishop |
