John Compton

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For the English footballer with the same name, see John Compton (footballer)
Sir John G M Compton
In office
February 22, 1979 – July 2, 1979
May 3, 1982 – April 2, 1996
December 11, 2006 – September 7, 2007
Preceded by Michael Pilgrim (1982)
Kenny Anthony (2006)
Succeeded by Allan Louisy (1979)
Vaughan Lewis (1996)
Stephenson King (2007)
Born April 29, 1925(1925-04-29)
Canouan, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Died September 7, 2007 (aged 82)
Flag of Saint Lucia Tapion Hospital, Castries, Saint Lucia
Political party United Workers Party
Spouse Lady Barbara Janice Compton nee Clarke
Religion Anglican

Sir John George Melvin Compton, KBE (April 29, 1925 – September 7, 2007) was the Prime Minister of Saint Lucia in 1979, from 1982 to 1996, and from 2006 until his death. Compton, who previously led Saint Lucia under British rule from 1964 to 1979, was the country's first leader when it became independent in February 1979. He led the conservative United Workers Party (UWP) from 1964 until 1996, and again from 2005 to 2007.

Contents

[edit] Early life and beginnings of political career

Compton was born in 1925 in Canouan, St. Vincent and the Grenadines.[1][2] In September 1939, he was taken to Saint Lucia.[3] While studying law and economics, Compton attended the University College of Wales from 1948 to 1949 and the London School of Economics from 1949 to 1951;[2] he was called to the Bar on August 7, 1951.[1] His political career began in 1954, when he ran as an independent for the seat from Micoud/Dennery in Saint Lucia and was elected. He was appointed to the Executive Council and, under the Committee System then used, became Member for Social Affairs[1][2] until the end of the Committee System in 1956.[2] In the latter year, he joined the Saint Lucia Labour Party (SLP).[1] He notably participated in a sugar workers' strike in 1957, and was fined for obstructing roads.[3] Re-elected in 1957,[2] he became Minister for Trade and Production in 1958,[1] and also became deputy leader of the SLP,[2] under George Charles. In 1960 he was named Minister of Trade and Industry under Charles, who became Chief Minister.[3] Compton was again re-elected in 1961, but chose not to join the Executive Council; objecting to the choice of ministers,[2] he quit the SLP and along with his supporters he formed a new party, the National Labour Movement, in the same year.[1][2]

In 1964, together with another opposition party, the People's Progressive Party, he and the National Labour Movement formed a new party, the United Workers' Party (UWP). This new party won the election held in June 1964, and Compton became Chief Minister.[1][2]

[edit] Administration under British rule, 1964–1979

In office, Compton worked for Saint Lucia's independence from British rule.[2] When Saint Lucia became an Associated State of the United Kingdom, a move closer to independence that placed the Saint Lucian government fully in charge of the island's internal affairs, on March 1, 1967, Compton became Premier.[4] At the conference leading to this, from April to May 1966,[3] Compton sharply criticized the British government for excluding certain issues, and accused it of favoring "second-class citizenship for people of another color".[5] In 1968, he married Barbara Janice Clarke, with whom he would have five children.[1]

Following the UWP's victory in the 1974 election, Compton pushed for negotiations leading to independence,[2] which was achieved on February 22, 1979; Compton became the newly independent nation's first Prime Minister.[2][4]

[edit] As Prime Minister and in opposition, 1979–1996

A few months after independence, the UWP was defeated in an election by the SLP, and Compton became Leader of the Opposition. The SLP government collapsed in January 1982, and the UWP won the subsequent election in May 1982; Compton became Prime Minister again. He remained in office until he retired in 1996; he was replaced by his chosen successor, Vaughan Lewis. Compton became a legal consultant.[2]

In office, Compton's policies were conservative, pro-Western and anti-communist. He also worked for increased regional integration, and upon leaving office in 1996 he mentioned it as a disappointment that the region's population remained a "divided people scattered over the Caribbean Sea".[5]

[edit] Return to politics

On March 13, 2005, the UWP elected Compton, then 80 years old, as its leader again at a party convention in Soufriere; he received 260 votes against 135 for Vaughan Lewis.[6] In spite of being labeled a geriatric by the governing St Lucia Labour Party, Compton led the UWP to a surprising victory on December 11, 2006;[7][8] he was elected to the seat from Micoud North, winning an easy victory over SLP candidate Silas Wilson.[8] He was sworn in as Prime Minister on December 15.[7] His cabinet was sworn in on December 19; with Compton as Prime Minister and Finance Minister.[9]

As Compton prepared for and campaigned for the 2006 poll, he faced doubts about how capable he was of holding office, considering his advanced age. Compton, however, gave the appearance of being fit and ready for leadership. He was quoted as saying that he was not preparing to run in the Olympics but for leadership of the nation.[10]

[edit] Election history

 This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards.
Please improve this article if you can (September 2007).

John Compton dug his political roots in the eastern sugar belt in 1954 and thanks to his involvement in the 1957 sugar strike, they remained planted there throughout a full half century.

His immense popularity there was sustained through three generations so much so that when he returned to the fray for the very last time in the elections of 2006, after being 10 years and two elections away, he was bluntly told by supporters that he need not organize any major campaign. The result: Compton easily won the contest by more than 1,000 votes to become the representative of Micoud North for the very first time.

Compton as an Independent won his debut election contest in 1954 carrying away 51 percent of the total votes. But after the 1957 strike his personal popularity soared and in successive elections his share of the votes was often in excess of 90 percent.

In nearby Dennery, he was able to call the shots there as well as to who should run that constituency. But all that changed in 1979 when Compton’s stranglehold on the eastern felt began to flag. In that year,

1954--MICOUD DENNERY J.G.M Compton (Ind.) 1404 L. Williams (PPP) 546 James L. Charles (SLP) 402 Francis G. Charles 389

1957-- MICOUD DENNERY J.G.M Compton (SLP) 3621 Harold F.C.Simmons (PPP) 137

1961 MICOUD-PRASLIN J.G.M Compton (SLP) 1488 Antoine Theodore (PPP) 96

1964—MICOUD-PRASLIN J.G.M Compton (UWP) 1532 George Murray (SLP) 80 J.L. Lubin (Ind). 45

1969—MICOUD-PRASLIN J.G.M Compton (UWP) 2047 George Murray (SLP) 185

1974—MICOUD SOUTH

J.G.M Compton (UWP) 1009 Francis Flood (Ind.) 227

1979—MICOUD SOUTH J.G.M Compton (UWP) 1221 Raymond Flood (SLP) 469

1982—MICOUD SOUTH J.G.M Compton (UWP) 1529 Henry. Marquis (SLP) 169 S. Mathurin (PLP) 78

6th. April 1987—MICOUD SOUTH J.G.M Compton ( UWP) 1589 Henry Marquis (SLP) 289 Lazarus Jn. Baptiste (PLP) 145

30th. April 1987—MICOUD SOUTH J.G.M Compton (UWP) 1792 Henry Marquis (SLP) 357

1992—MICOUD SOUTH J.G.M Compton (UWP) 1792 Vernantius James (SLP) 680

2006—MICOUD NORTH J.G.M Compton (UWP) 2142 Silas Wilson (SLP) 1091

Patrick Joseph (Ind) 110

[edit] Illness and death

On May 1, 2007, Compton was hospitalised in New York City after he suffered a series of strokes which left him physically impaired.[11][12] He fell ill while visiting a doctor for a normal checkup.[13]

On May 16, Leonard Montoute, who serves as St. Lucia's Sports Minister and deputy leader of the United Workers Party, said that Compton was unable to stand or walk on his own and that the cabinet would select a new Prime Minister to lead the island nation.[14]

Compton returned to Saint Lucia on May 19.[15] He temporarily resumed power in early June to oversee a cabinet reshuffle, in which he remained Prime Minister but gave up the finance portfolio to Acting Prime Minister Stephenson King.[16] King said on June 8 that Compton's condition was improving.[17] On July 11, he attended a meeting with several cabinet ministers, the first time he had done so since the strokes.[18]

In late July, it was announced that Compton would resign by the end of 2007.[19] On August 26, Compton was admitted to the Tapion Hospital in Castries because he was having trouble breathing[20] due to pneumonia.[21] While there, it was learned that he had suffered another stroke while recovering from the previous strokes.[20][22] On September 1, he was flown to Martinique for treatment[20][22][23] of his pneumonia.[21] While there, his condition worsened and he was placed on a ventilator. On September 4, doctors decided that his condition was hopeless; on September 5, he was returned to the Tapion Hospital in Saint Lucia to die.[23] He died there on September 7, 2007.[5][23] Acting Prime Minister King declared two weeks of mourning, beginning on September 8.[23]

A state funeral was held for Compton in Castries, at the Minor Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, on September 18.[24] Despite Compton's Anglican faith, the local Catholic church was used due to the large number of mourners[25] and at the request of Sir John. The funeral services held in Micoud on 16 September and at the Minor Basilica on 18 September were in keeping with the requests of Sir John for his funeral service, including the hymns which were specifically requested by him. He was cremated on 19 September and his ashes spread in the Troumasse River at his estate in Mahaut upon his request.[26]

In a by-election held on November 26, 2007, Compton's daughter Janine Compton-Rambally won his constituency of Micoud North.[27]

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h CV at government website.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Albert Brandford, "People's servant to the end", nationnews.com, September 9, 2007.
  3. ^ a b c d Biography at government website.
  4. ^ a b "Constitutional development", Saint Lucian government website.
  5. ^ a b c "John Compton, Prime Minister of St. Lucia, dies at 82", Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), September 8, 2007.
  6. ^ "Ex-prime minister regains leadership of St Lucian opposition", Caribbean Media Corporation (Bridgetown), March 14, 2005.
  7. ^ a b "Sir John Compton, father of St. Lucia's independence, sworn in as prime minister", Associated Press, December 15, 2006.
  8. ^ a b Rickey Singh, "Upset in St Lucia", Jamaica Observer, December 12, 2007.
  9. ^ Anselma Aimable, "St Lucia swears in new government ministers", Caribbean Net News, December 20, 2006.
  10. ^ Donna Sealy, "Pa Pa's journey", The Nation (Barbados), December 15, 2006.
  11. ^ Anselma Aimable, "St Lucia PM remains in New York hospital after stroke", Caribbean Net News, May 18, 2007.
  12. ^ "Compton suffered series of strokes", The Jamaica Gleaner, May 16, 2007.
  13. ^ "Lady Janice speaks publicly about her husband", St. Lucia Star, July 10, 2007.
  14. ^ "Sir John will no longer be Prime Minister", Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation, May 16, 2007.
  15. ^ "St. Lucia prime minister returns from U.S. following treatment for strokes", Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), May 21, 2007.
  16. ^ Ernie Seon, "Sir John shakes up Cabinet", Nationnews.com, June 7, 2007.
  17. ^ "St. Lucian Prime Minister’s health improves", Radiojamaica.com, June 8, 2007.
  18. ^ "Sir John makes first public appearance", cbc.bb, July 11, 2007.
  19. ^ Rickey Singh, "Our Caribbean – A hobbled government in St Lucia", Nationnews.com, August 10, 2007.
  20. ^ a b c "Sir John flies to Martinique for medical aid", cbc.bb, September 1, 2007.
  21. ^ a b Kurt Reynolds, "Finally, Sir John’s doctors speak!", St. Lucia Star, September 10, 2007.
  22. ^ a b "St Lucia's ailing prime minister flown to Martinique for medical treatment" Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), September 1, 2007.
  23. ^ a b c d "Address to the Nation By Acting Prime Minister Honourable Stephenson King on The Passing of Sir John Compton September 8, 2007", Saint Lucian government website.
  24. ^ Anselma Aimable, "Final farewell to Sir John Compton in St Lucia", Caribbean Net News, September 19, 2007.
  25. ^ "High honors paid to late prime minister as St Lucia bids final farewell", Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), September 18, 2007.
  26. ^ Jeannine Compton, daughter
  27. ^ "Daughter of St Lucia's former premier wins by-election", Caribbean Media Corporation (nl.newsbank.com), November 27, 2007.

[edit] External links

Preceded by
George Charles		 Chief Minister of Saint Lucia
1964–1967		 Succeeded by
--
Preceded by
--		 Premier of Saint Lucia
1967–1979		 Succeeded by
--
Preceded by
--		 Prime Minister of Saint Lucia
1979		 Succeeded by
Allan Louisy
Preceded by
Michael Pilgrim		 Prime Minister of Saint Lucia
1982–1996		 Succeeded by
Vaughan Lewis
Preceded by
Kenny Anthony		 Prime Minister of Saint Lucia
2006–2007		 Succeeded by
Stephenson King
v • d • e
Prime Ministers of Saint Lucia

George Charles* · John Compton* · John Compton† · John Compton · Allan Louisy · Winston Cenac · Michael Pilgrim (acting) · John Compton · Vaughan Lewis · Kenny Anthony · John Compton · Stephenson King

* Served as Chief Minister of St Lucia.   † Served as Premier of St Lucia.