John Comper

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 This article or section needs to be wikified to meet Wikipedia's quality standards.
Please help improve this article with relevant internal links. (July 2007)

Revd John Comper 1823-1903

Eminent nineteenth century clergyman in the Scottish Episcopal Church. He was one of the advanced priests in the Anglo-Catholic revival in Scotland and became a northern leader of the Anglo-Catholic phase of the Oxford Movement known as ritualism.[1] He was the father of the architect John Ninian Comper.

In 2003, the centenary year of the death of Fr. John Comper, his commemoration at the Eucharist was approved by the Bishop of Aberdeen and Orkney within the united Diocese, and has remained an annual local memorial ever since. It is hoped that eventually the name of this remarkable Priest will be added to the calendar of the whole Episcopal Church that owes so much to his labours. He is listed in the Calendar of Saints on July 27 having been named a "hero of the church", the Scottish Episcopal Church's designation of sainthood.


Contents

[edit] ORIGINS

Born in Pulborough in Sussex, on 1st October 1823, where his father, farmed a smallholding, John Comper was the youngest of a family of seven.

The family name “Comper” is a French surname possibly from Brittany; the Comper forbears being probably sixteenth century Huguenot refugees though this is disputed Anthony Symondson[2]who argues the family is more likely of Norman origin.

From his earliest years he was very interested in matters spiritual, and fascinated by the Liturgy, which he studied throughout his life. At the age of 24 he completed training as a student teacher at a college in Chichester. He was aware that without a University degree he would never be accepted for the priesthood in England, and therefore he turned his attention to Scotland, where the Scottish Episcopal Church was in need of all the help it could get.

[edit] CAREER

He began ecclesiastical life as a lay reader at a church school in Kirriemuir. He moved from Kirriemuir to Crieff to take part in the educational work at St Margaret’s College which had been started by the Revd A. Lendrum , embarking on a special course of study in preparation for Holy Orders. On Tuesday 10th December 1850, St Ninian’s Cathedral Perth[3] was consecrated and on Wednesday 11th December, John Comper was ordained Deacon in the Cathedral by Bishop Alexander Penrose Forbes on behalf of the aged Diocesan Patrick Torry[4], then in his 43rd year of his prelacy. He was ordained at Crieff prior to his appointment at Nairn.

Thereafter, Comper, after early beginnings in Crieff, moved around the North of Scotland. His first appointment in Nairn was to take charge of a new Mission raised to mitigate the effects of a schism that had arisen within the newly formed congregation of St Ninian’s Church[5] built in 1845. This congregation in refusing to accept the authority of the Bishop became an English Episcopal Chapel. Comper also opened a school in Nairn and his success soon drew the attention of the Episcopal Authorities.

Bishop Eden newly consecrated in Edinburgh on 9th March 1851 recruited Comper, a highly efficient Mission priest, to take services in an upper room in Nairn, before appointing him as Diocesan Mission Priest for the Moray Diocese and as Bishop’s Chaplain. Whilst based in Inverness John Comper opened another day school and a chapel, now represented by St Andrew’s Cathedral[6]. Comper was also put in charge of the newly created Mission at Cromarty before returning to the Brechin Diocese moving to fill the vacancy at Stonehaven in 1857.

He took charge of the very ancient congregation that originally met at the Tolbooth, but had removed long since the Jacobite rebellion of 1745 and Duke of Cumberland’s occupation of the Chapel as a stable for his horses, to the Stonehaven High Street site. This was the meeting house, which was demolished by Cumberland’s orders in 1746. Services were then held clandestinely for some years in a house in the High Street. Later a “Qualified” Chapel was built in Cameron Street, the two congregations as yet existing as separate entities. The Qualified Congregation joined the Scottish Episcopal Church in 1803, but it took a further twelve years for them to amalgamate in a union. Whereupon in 1815 they removed back into the old Qualified Chapel once again, this time as a full fledged congregation of the Scottish Episcopal Church. It was in this building that John Comper ministered to them from 1857 to 1861.

Whilst Comper worked in Stonehaven, there was “ecclesiastical” trouble North and South. In Aberdeen, Patrick Cheyne[7] was being prosecuted by Bishop Thomas George Suther for his “Six Sermons” and Bishop Alexander Forbes was then under prosecution from the Episcopal College of Bishops for like ideas in Comper’s own Diocese. It was during this time that the Rev. Frederick G Lee had absconded from St John’s Episcopal Church in Aberdeen [8], and Comper was pressured to take the post. The Patron’s of St John’s, Dr George Grub and Dr George Ogilvie beseeched Comper to come to Aberdeen. Comper however, bided his time, only leaving the Brechin Diocese when his Diocesan was out of trouble, and not making further “waves” by leaving his charge vacant. But the ecclesiastical atmosphere of Aberdeen had not yet discharged all its disturbing elements.

Thomas George Suther was by this time surer of his ground, and began a tirade against Comper. His biographer, “LTA”, gives a risible account of the situation thus: “Comper’s first act was to initiate the partial use of the Scottish Communion Office — the date being shortly before the General Synod of 1863, and an appeal against Bishop Suther’s attempted objections was successful. Here and in another question of ceremonial Dr Grub’s unrivalled historical knowledge and genuine Churchmanship were of greatest value”. Grub’s genial humour and keen appreciation of a joke came out in the account he gave of the Bishop who bade his presbyter, like a naughty boy, “take off his vestments and put out his lights.” In the end the lights were saved, but the vestments surrendered.

Two significant events took place during the first years of John Comper’s Incumbency at St John’s. Firstly, a day school was built and dedicated to Revd Patrick Cheyne’s forty years association with St John’s. Secondly, in the year 1863 the first sister arrived from St Margaret’s East Grinstead[9], the foundress of the institution we know as St Margaret’s Convent, 17 Spital, Aberdeen, sadly closed in 2003 after the death of Mother Verity and retiral of Sister Columba, the last surviving member of that Community.

[edit] THE GALLOWGATE MISSION

Comper was more interested in the welfare of the poor, and resigned the charge at St John’s in 1870 to spend more time in his new mission he founded located in the Gallowgate slums in Aberdeen. Wright describes the unwholesome scene as follows: “The whole area enjoyed an evil reputation. No one ventured out after dark. It was bad enough making your way to church through wet washings, but you also had to hold your nose to prevent smelling the fish barrows parked along one side of the Gallowgate. Often rats were scavenging in the barrows.” From St Margaret’s emanated the Mission at St Clement’s-on-the-Quay, which eventually became an independent congregation erecting a church on the quayside with money bequeathed by Sir George Reid’s widow, Margaret Best, one of Comper’s ardent admirers.

His work commenced in 1867, and John Comper became the chief motivator in the organisation, eventually raising the Episcopal charge in 1870 dedicated to St Margaret’s of Scotland[10]. Comper is to be remembered as the first clergyman in Aberdeen to organise a congregation social meeting, which he called a “Refection”. His other memorable project, apart from St Margaret’s and its Convent was his work for Foreign Aid, which banded together many of the Church’s Women’s Organisations in common cause.

A Kenspeckle[11] figure in Aberdeen city and a veteran clergyman of the Aberdeen Diocese, he enjoyed meritorious respect from all classes of the population.

[edit] THE MANNER OF HIS DEATH

The Revd John Comper died quite suddenly in the Duthie Park[12]on Monday 27th July 1903, where he had gone with his wife, Ellen Taylor. Coincidentally, it was the first visit he had made to the park as he had been tempted to enjoy the fine weather Aberdeen was experiencing at that time. The Press & Journal wrote, “He sat in the park and expressed his admiration for all that he saw, saying how surprised he was that the vicinity of Aberdeen contained a place of such varied beauty. He then went to the refreshment room to get some strawberries for his wife and on his return to the bench where she was seated he was observed to stagger and fall. In a short time he was found to be dead. During the morning we understand he had been in his usual health but complained of drowsiness; otherwise his condition had excited no remark. He was never very strong in health, but was able by an annual tour on the Continent to maintain himself in comparative vigour.”

[edit] HIS FAMILY

Anthony Symondson[13] tells the story that thereafter his son Ninian Comper, signed all his painted glass windows with a wild strawberry, the leaves and stems entwining the date of execution. The first window to be so signed was his father’s own memorial in St Margaret’s, Gallowgate Aberdeen, in 1908. Mrs Ellen Comper died on 10th June 1908 and Sir Ninian Comper died on 22nd December 1960.

John Ninian Comper born in 1864, was to become one of the greatest church architects of the twentieth century being knighted in 1950 at the age of 84. Ninian's son, Nicholas Comper, became an aeronautical designer of great distinction and built his best known aircraft, the Comper Swift, at Hooton Park on the Wirral.