John Cacioppo

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John T. Cacioppo (born 1951, in Marshall, Texas) is an American Tiffany and Margaret Blake Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago,^[1] and co-author of Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection. He is on the Board of Directors of the Association for Psychological Science and in 2007 he was elected president.^[2] He founded and is Director of the University of Chicago Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience. ^[1] He is a member of the Department of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, the College, and the Neuroscience Institute and an internationally recognized expert on social and emotional influences on brain, behavioral, and biological processes.

Contents 1 Background 2 Social neuroscience 3 Bibliography 3.1 Co-author 3.2 Editor 4 References 5 External links

[edit] Background

Cacioppo obtained a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) from Ohio State University in 1977. He has been elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Society of Experimental Psychologists, the Society of Experimental Social Psychology, and a Distinguished Member of Psi Chi. He is a Fellow of the Association for Psychological Science, and member of the American Psychological Association, American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Academy of Behavioral Medicine Research, World Innovation Foundation, International Organization of Psychophysiology, Society for Personality and Social Psychology, and the Society of Behavioral Medicine.^[1]

He has received the Distinguished Scientific Award for an early career Contribution to Psychophysiology, an honorary Doctor of Science degree from Bard College, the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award from the American Psychological Association, the Troland Research Award from the National Academy of Sciences, the Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions to Psychophysiology from the Society for Psychophysiological Research, the Donald Campbell Award from the Society for Personality and Social Psychology and the Patricia R. Barchas Award from the American Psychosomatic Society. He was the keynote speaker at the 2002 Annual Meeting of the Association for Psychological Science.^[1]

In the late 1970s Cacioppo collaborated with Richard Petty to develop the elaboration likelihood model of attitudes and persuasion and began investigations of individual differences in cognitive motivation. They also examined the social and biological influences on mind and behavior. A decade later, Cacioppo began working with Gary Berntson to pioneer a new field they called Social neuroscience.^[3] This led to an expansion of Cacioppo’s research examining how personal relationships get under the skin to affect Social cognition and emotions, personality processes, biology, and health. By employing brain scans, monitoring of autonomic and neuroendocrine processes, and assays of immune function, he found the overpowering influence of social context — a factor so strong that it can alter genetic expression in white blood cells. The work further showed how the subjective sense of social isolation (loneliness) uniquely disrupts our perceptions, behavior, and physiology, becoming a trap that not only reinforces isolation, but can lead to early death. In 2004, he and William Patrick began a collaboration that led to their book, Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection, which makes the case that social cooperation is, in fact, humanity’s defining characteristic. Cacioppo, together with Louise Hawkley, Jean Decety, Howard Nusbaum, and Gary Berntson, continue to investigate the biological mechanisms involved in social perception, cognition, emotion, and behavior. ^{[4] [5][6]}

[edit] Social neuroscience

This new discipline examines the associations between social and neural levels of organizations and the biological mechanisms underlying these associations. Neuroscientists have tended to focus on single organisms, organs, cells, or intracellular processes. Social species create emergent organizations beyond the individual, however, and these emergent structures evolved hand in hand with neural and hormonal mechanisms to support them because the consequent social behaviors helped animals survive, reproduce, and care for offspring sufficiently long that they too reproduced. Social neuroscience, therefore, is concerned with how biological systems implement social processes and behavior, capitalizing on concepts and methods from the neurosciences to inform and refine theories of social psychological processes, and using social and behavioral concepts and data to inform and refine theories of neural organization and function. ^[7]

[edit] Bibliography

[edit] Co-author

• Attitudes and Persuasion: Classic and Contemporary Approaches (1981)
• Communication and Persuasion: Central and Peripheral Routes to Attitude Change (1986)
• Emotional Contagion - Studies in Emotion and Social Interaction (1993)
• Social Neuroscience: Key Readings in Social Psychology (2004)
• Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection (2008)

[edit] Editor

• Perspectives in Cardiovascular Psychophysiology (1982)
• Social Psychophysiology: A Sourcebook (1983)
• Principles of Psychophysiology: Physical, Social and Inferential Elements (1990)
• Foundations in Social Neuroscience (2002)
• Essays in social neuroscience (2004)
• Social Neuroscience: People Thinking About Thinking People (2005)
• Handbook of Psychophysiology (2007)

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• University of Chicago Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience
• University of Chicago Cognitive Social Neuroscience Laboratory
• University of Chicago Social Neuroscience Laboratory
• University of Chicago Department of Psychology