John Augustine Collins

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Sir John Augustine Collins
7 January 1899–3 September 1989

Captain John Collins in 1943
Place of birth Deloraine, Tasmania
Place of death Sydney, New South Wales
Allegiance Australia
Service/branch Royal Australian Navy
Years of service 1913–1955
Rank Vice Admiral
Commands held Chief of Naval Staff
HMAS Shropshire
HMAS Sydney
Battles/wars World War I
World War II
Awards Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Companion of the Order of the Bath
Mention in Despatches
Other work High Commissioner to New Zealand

Vice Admiral Sir John Augustine Collins KBE, CB (7 January 1899–3 September 1989) was a Royal Australian Navy officer who served in World War I and World War II, and who eventually rose to become a Vice Admiral and Chief of Staff of the RAN. Collins was one of the first graduates of the Royal Australian Naval College to attain flag rank. During World War II, he commanded the cruiser HMAS Sydney in the Mediterranean campaign. He led the Australian Naval Squadron in the Pacific theatre and was wounded in the first ever kamikaze attack, in 1944.

Contents

[edit] Early life and education

John Augustine Collins was born in Deloraine, Tasmania, in 1899. In 1913 at age 14, Collins joined the first intake to the RAN College. He became a midshipman in January 1917, in time to see war service while attached to the Royal Navy.

[edit] World War II

Collins' career advanced steadily between the world wars. At the outbreak of war in 1939 he held the positions of Assistant Chief of Naval Staff and Director of Military Intelligence.

In the early war years Collins commanded HMAS Sydney in the Battle of the Mediterranean. Sydney led Allied ships which sank a state-of-the-art Italian cruiser, Bartolomeo Colleoni, in July 1940. For this action he was appointed a Companion of the Bath (CB).[1]

Relations between the RAN and British Royal Navy were close at the time, with frequent exchanges of officers between the two and in June 1941, Collins was transferred to Singapore, as Assistant Chief of Staff to the British Naval Commander in Chief, China Command, Vice Admiral Geoffrey Layton.

Following the outbreak of war with Japan, Collins was appointed Commodore Commanding China Force, the RN-RAN cruiser and destroyer force based in Batavia, Dutch East Indies, under the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command.

After the fall of Singapore and the Allied defeat in the Battle of the Java Sea, it became clear that the Dutch East Indies would be occupied by Japan. Collins organised the evacuation of Allied civilians and military personnel from Batavia, and was on one of the last ships to leave, before the city fell, in March 1942. As a result he was Mentioned in Despatches,[2] and was later made a Commander of the Dutch Order of Orange-Nassau.

Collins was then appointed Senior Naval Officer, Western Australia, based at Fremantle.

During 1943, Collins commanded HMAS Shropshire and took part in the Bougainville campaign, the Battle of Cape Gloucester, and operations off the Admiralty Islands and Hollandia (Dutch New Guinea).

In mid-1944, Collins was made commander of the Australian-US Navy Task Force 74, and commander of the Australian Naval Squadron, with HMAS Australia as his flagship. He became the first graduate of the RAN College to command a naval squadron in action, during the bombardment of Noemfoor, on 2 July 1944.

Collins was badly wounded in the first kamikaze attack in history, which hit Australia on October 21, 1944, in the lead up to the Battle of Leyte Gulf. He did not resume his command until July 1945. When the war ended Collins was the RAN’s representative at the surrender ceremony in Tokyo Bay.

[edit] Post-war service and legacy

Collins was appointed Chief of Naval Staff in 1948 and held the position until 1955. He was knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in the 1951 New Year Honours.[3] He later served as Australia’s High Commissioner to New Zealand (1956–1962).

The latest class of Australian submarine, the Collins class bears his name. The first of these, HMAS Collins, was launched by his widow in 1993.

[edit] References

  1. ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 34907, page 4653, 26 July 1940. Retrieved on 2008-01-23.
  2. ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 35823, page 5461, 11 December 1942. Retrieved on 2008-01-23.
  3. ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 39105, page 35, 29 December 1950. Retrieved on 2008-01-23.

[edit] External links

 This article or section includes a list of references or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations.
You can improve this article by introducing more precise citations.
Military offices
Preceded by
Admiral Sir Louis Hamilton KCB, DSO, RN		 First Naval Member & Chief of Staff
1948-1955		 Succeeded by
Vice Admiral Sir Roy Dowling KCVO, KBE, CB, DSO, RAN
Languages