Johann Wilhelm Wilms

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This article is about the composer. For the disease, see Wilms' tumor.

Johann Wilhelm Wilms (baptized March 30, 1772 in Witzhelden near Solingen, died July 19, 1847 in Amsterdam) was a Dutch-German composer, best known for writing Wien Neerlands Bloed, which served as the Dutch national anthem from 1815 to 1932.

Johann Wilhelm Wilms (1772-1847)

After lessons from his father and oldest brother in piano and composition, Wilms studied flute on his own. He moved to Amsterdam in 1791 where he played flute in two orchestras and was soloist in Mozart and Beethoven piano concertos, giving them their Dutch premieres. He also taught piano at the Koninklijk Nederlandsch Instituut voor Wetenschappen, interviewed applicants for church organist positions, judged composition competitions and wrote for the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, a publication he once used as a soapbox to complain about the lack of performance of music by contemporary Dutch composers like himself.

In 1816, Wilms won the open competition for the new Dutch anthem with Wien Neêrlandsch bloed, leading to lots of commission from churches and other organizations.

As the events of the French Revolution affected the Netherlands, Wilms wrote several patriotic hymns. For 23 years Wilms was the organist at a Baptist church in Amsterdam.

Wilms wrote seven symphonies, the one in F major was lost and the others sunk into obscurity after his death. The chronology of the five early symphonies is not clear even to experts. According to Ernst Klusen, the Finale of the E-flat major Symphony is modeled on that of Mozart's K. 543. His Symphony No. 6 in D minor, which won first prize at the Société des Beaux-Arts Ghent, and Symphony No. 7 in C minor were recently recorded by Concerto Köln on Deutsche Grammophon. Due to a misunderstanding about publication dates, conductor Werner Ehrhardt at first thought that Wilms had lived in a later period and therefore had written music in an antiquated style. But after being straightened out, given the enthusiasm his ensemble felt for this music, Ehrhardt decided to record these two symphonies anyway. Scholars are more certain these are later works because of their use of cyclic form.

[edit] Selected list of works

Concert Overture in E major ^[1]
Flute Concerto in G minor
Sonata in D major for Piano Four-Hands, Opus 7 ^[2]
Symphony in C major, Opus 9
Symphony in F major, Opus 10 (lost)
Piano Sonata in B-flat major, Opus 13 ^[2]
Symphony in E-flat major, Opus 14 ^[1]
Three Violin Sonatas, Opus 21 ^[2]
Piano Quartet in C major, Opus 22 ^[2]
Symphony in C minor, Opus 23 ^[1]
Two String Quartets (in G minor (ca. 1806) ^[3] ^[4] and A major), Opus 25. Published in 2007. ^[1] ^[2]
Flute Sonata in D, Opus 33 ^[2]
Sonata in B-flat for Piano Four-Hands, Opus 41 (ca. 1813) ^[2] ^[1]
Symphony in D major, Opus 52 ^[1]
Symphony No. 6 in D minor, Opus 58
Symphony No. 7 in C minor
Wien Neêrlandsch bloed
Overture in D major ^[1]
Overture in E-flat major (edited by B. Hagels and published in 2006) ^[1]

[edit] References

Bokum, Jan ten. 2001. "Wilms, Johann Wilhelm". The new Grove dictionary of music and musicians, ed. S. Sadie and J. Tyrrell. London: Macmillan. ISBN 1-56159-239-0.
Brook, Barry S. (editor-in-chief), and Barbara B. Heyman (associate editor). 1986. The Symphony: 1720–1840 Series C, Volume XIII (Knecht, Wilms, Kalliwoda). New York: Garland Publishing, Inc. ISBN 0-824-03860-6.