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Jicaque, also known as Tol, Tolupan, and Torupan is a language currently spoken by around 300 Tolupan people in La Montaña del Flor in Honduras. In the 16th century it extended to cover much of western Yoro. Lyle Campbell identifies two dialects, an Eastern Jicaque or Tol and a Western Jicaque (from around El Palmar, Deptment of Cortés) which is now extinct. Lyle Campbell and David Oltrogge (1980) present the hypothesis that Jicaque is related to the Tequistlatecan languages, but this hypothesis needs further study. Greenberg and Swadesh earlier presented the hypothesis that Jicaque is a Hokan (Siouxan) language.
[edit] Linguistic references
- Campbell, Lyle. (1979). Middle American languages. In L. Campbell & M. Mithun (Eds.), The languages of native America: Historical and comparative assessment (pp. 902-1000). Austin: University of Texas Press.
- Campbell, Lyle (1997) American Indian Languages, The Historical Linguistics of Native America, Oxford Studies in Anthropological Linguistics, Oxford University Press
- Campbell, Lyle and David Oltrogge (1980). Proto-Tol (Jicaque), International Journal of American Linguistics, 46:205-223
- Dennis, Ronald K. (1976). La lengua tol (jicaque): los sustantivos. Yaxkin 1(3): 2-7.
- Flemming, Ila. (1977). Tol (Jicaque) phonology. International Journal of American Linguistics 43(2): 121-127.
- Greenberg, Joseph H. and Morris Swadesh(1953). Jicaque as a Hokan Language. International Journal of American Linguistics 19: 216-222.
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