Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/P1

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Contents

[edit] Section 1

  1. Pablo Christian JE
  2. Pacific Messenger JE
  3. Pacifico Case JE An affair arising out of a claim made on the Greek government by one David Pacifico, commonly known as "Don ......
  4. Padan-Aram JE The first element in the word is variously explained as meaning "road" or "field," "yoke," and "plow." It may indicate ......
  5. Elishama Meïr Padovani JE Italian Talmudist of the eighteenth century; born in Modena; died at Padua 1830. He was educated and first served as ......
  6. History of the Jews in Padua JE City of upper Italy, 22 miles west of Venice, on the Bacchiglione; capital of the province of the same name. ......
  7. Jacob Meïr Padua JE Russian rabbi; born in Brest-Litovsk; died there Dec. 12, 1854. He was a descendant of the Katzenellenbogen family which had ......
  8. Jewish Views of Paganism JE
  9. Hans Pagay JE Austrian actor; born at Vienna Nov. 11, 1845. His father was a broker, and destined his son for the same ......
  10. Josephine Pagay JE Austrian actress; born at Vienna; died at Berlin Nov. 18, 1892. She made her first appearance at the age of ......
  11. Angelo Paggi JE Italian Hebraist; born at Sienna May 4, 1789; died at Florence June 7, 1867. He received his Hebrew training under ......
  12. Jews in Pahlavi Literature JE The Pahlavi or Middle Persian literature, extending approximately from the third to the tenth century C.E., is devoted mainly to ......
  13. Jewish Painting JE The art least developed among the Hebrews. If it is borne in mind that painting was affected by the Mosaic ......
  14. De Paiva (family) (De Payba (family) JE Spanish Marano family of Amsterdam, with some members in Mexico.Abraham de Paiva: Poet; lived in Amsterdam about 1687. A Spanish ......
  15. La Paix JE
  16. Paks Conference JE Meeting of rabbis held Aug. 20 and 21, 1844, at the town of Paks, Hungary. The discussions in the Hungarian ......
  17. Biblical Palaces or Palaces in the Bible JE The Hebrews learned from the Phenicians the art of erecting large buildings having several rooms. David's palace was built by ......
  18. Samuel Palache JE Moroccan envoy sent by the King of Morocco to the Netherlands about 1591; subsequently acted as consul there; died at ......
  19. Abraham Palággi (Abraham Falaji) JE Turkish rabbinical author; born at Smyrna in 1809; died there 1899; son of Ḥayyim Palaggi. On the death of his ......
  20. Chayyim Palaggi JE Turkish rabbinical author; born at Smyrna 1788; died there 1869; maternal grandson of Joseph b. Ḥayyim Hazan, author of "Ḥiḳre ......
  21. Ludwig Palágyi JE Hungarian poet; born at Becse April 15, 1866; educated privately by his father, a former public school-teacher, and by his ......
  22. History of the Jews in Palencia JE Capital of the province of Palencia, Spain, situated between Burgos and Valladolid. A large and wealthy Jewish community settled here ......
  23. History of the Jews in Palermo JE Capital of the island of Sicily; situated on the northern coast. Its Jewish community dates from the Roman period. Under ......
  24. Holiness of Palestine JE The sacredness of Palestine in the esteem of the Jews is partly accounted for by the fact that it was ......
  25. Laws and Customs Relating to Palestine (Mitzvot ha-Teluyot ba'Aretz) JE Special laws, operative only in the Holy Land, are called "miẓwot ha-teluyot ba-areẓ," and may be classified as follows: (1) ......
  26. John Paley JE American journalist; born Feb. 6, 1871, at Radoszkowice, government of Wilna, Russia. After receiving the usual education, he attended the ......
  27. Joseph Hirsh Palitschinetzki JE Biblical scholar; born 1805; died at Berdychev Feb. 27, 1886. He was instructor in the Bible in the rabbinical seminary ......
  28. History of the Jews in Palma JE Capital of the Spanish island of Majorca. As early as the Moorish period Jews were living in Almudayna, the most ......
  29. Paltiel JE Vizier to the Egyptian califs Al-Mu'izz and 'Abd al-Manṣur; lived in the second half of the tenth century. The Chronicle ......
  30. Paltiya of Naweh (Pelatya of Naweh) JE Palestinian haggadist of the third century. He is cited but once, as author of a derashah. The haggadists consider the ......
  31. Paltoi ben Abayi JE Gaon of Pumbedita from 842 to 858. He was the first of a series of prominent geonim at that academy, ......
  32. History of the Jews in Pamiers JE One of the principal towns of the department of Ariège, France. A Jewish community existed here in the twelfth century. ......
  33. History of the Jews in Pamplona JE Capital and oldest city of the kingdom of Navarra, Spain. Next to Tudela, it possessed the most important Jewish community. ......
  34. Taube Pan JE Judæo-German authoress of the sixteenth century; lived in the Prague ghetto at the time of Mordecai Meisel; daughter of R. ......
  35. History of the Jews in Panama JE
  36. Ezekiel Panet JE Hungarian rabbi; born 1783 at Bielitz, Silesia; died Nisan 20, 1845, at Karlsburg, Transylvania. He studied in the yeshibah of ......

[edit] Section 2

  1. Panzieri JE Portuguese family members of which are met with in Constantinople and Rome from the sixteenth century. The family is still ......
  2. Betty Paoli (Barbara Elisabeth Glück) JE Austrian poetess; born at Vienna Dec. 30, 1814; died at Baden, near Vienna, July 5, 1894. Her father, a physician, ......
  3. Papa JE Babylonian amora of the fifth generation; born about 300; died 375; pupil of Raba and Abaye. After the death of ......
  4. Eliezer ben Isaac Papo JE Bulgarian rabbi and author; born in Sarajevo, Bosnia; died in 1824. He held the office of rabbi in Silistria, Bulgaria, ......
  5. History of the Jews in Pappenheim JE Small town in Mittelfranken, containing one of the oldest Jewish communities in Bavaria. The statement of Stern-Neubauer that the word ......
  6. Israel Hirsch Pappenheim JE Representative of the Bavarian Jews and champion of their emancipation; born at Munich; died there Sept. 8, 1837. He was ......
  7. Simon Pappenheim JE German writer; born at Dembiohammer 1773; died at Ratibor Aug. 6, 1840. He at first supported himself as a private ......
  8. Solomon Pappenheim JE German scholar; born Feb. 2, 1740, at Zülz, Silesia; died March 4 or 5, 1814, at Breslau; son of Associate ......
  9. Pappos ben Judah JE Haggadist of the first half of the second century; contemporary and fellow prisoner of Akiba. At the time of the ......
  10. Parallelism in Hebrew Poetry JE It is now generally conceded that parallelism is the fundamental law, not only of the poetical, but even of the ......
  11. Asher ben Jacob Parenzo JE Hebrew printer in Venice from 1580 to 1600; brother of the printer Meïr b. Jacob. He was employed by Giovanni ......
  12. Cesare Parenzo JE Italian senator and deputy; born at Rovigo 1839; died at Nervi, near Genoa, April 15, 1898. He studied law, but ......
  13. Parchi JE See Farḥi. ......
  14. Solomon ben Abraham bin Parchon JE Spanish philologist of the twelfth century; a native of Ḳal'ah (Ḳal'at Ayyub, Calatayud), Aragon. In the preface to his lexicon ......
  15. History of the Jews in Paris JE Capital city of France. There were Jews in Paris prior to the date of the Frankish invasion. The councils of ......
  16. Elias Parish-Alvars JE English harpist and composer; born at Teignmouth, England, Feb. 28, 1810; died at Vienna Jan. 25, 1849; a pupil of ......
  17. History of the Jews in Parma JE Italian city, formerly capital of the duchy of the same name; the seat of an ancient Jewish community. When the ......
  18. Parshandatha JE The first-born son of Haman (Esth. ix. 7). In the twelfth century the name obtained a literary meaning. It was ......
  19. Joseph Parsi JE Mathematician; flourished toward the end of the fifteenth century. All that isknown of him is that he was the author ......
  20. Parties to Action JE
  21. Party Lines and Party Walls JE
  22. Paschal Sacrifice JE
  23. Heinrich Paschkis JE Austrian pharmacologist; born at Nikolsburg, Moravia, March 21, 1849; educated at Vienna University (M.D. 1872). He was appointed assistant at ......
  24. Aaron de Pass JE South-African pioneer; together with his brother Elias de Pass, he was connected with Cape Colony from the year 1846. His ......
  25. History of the Jews in Passau JE Town of eastern Bavaria. Jews were settled here toward the end of the twelfth century, when they were under the ......
  26. Ugo Passigli JE Italian physician; born at Sienna Dec. 14, 1867; studied medicine at the Reale Istituto di Studi Superiori, Florence, and is ......
  27. Passover Sacrifice JE The sacrifice which the Israelites offered at the command of God during the night before the Exodus from Egypt, and ......

[edit] Section 3

  1. Pastoreaux JE French religious fanatics of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. In the year 1251 an unknown man, called "Le Maître de ......
  2. Pasuch JE Passive participle of the Aramaic word "pesaḳ" (to cut off), meaning a section or division. It is, however, used almost ......
  3. Pater Synagogae JE Title occurring frequently in the inscriptions of the Jewish catacombs at Rome. According to Berliner ("Gesch. der Juden in Rom," ......
  4. History of the Jews in Paterson, New Jersey JE Manufacturing city in the state of New Jersey; center of the silk industry in the United States. It has attracted ......
  5. Patiency JE The Hebrew Scriptures have many words for "patience," corresponding to the varied meanings of this complex virtue; e.g., "erek af" ......
  6. Patriachy in Judaism (Patriarchal family and authority) JE
  7. The Patriarchs JE As early as the Biblical period Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob are nearly always invoked together. God remembers the covenant which ......
  8. Benjamin Dias Patto (Benjamin Dias Pato) JE Spanish ḥakam and preacher; killed April, 1664; son of Jacob Dias Pato, and a pupil of Saul Levi Morteira, whose ......
  9. Samson Gomez Patto JE Member of the college of rabbis in Jerusalem in the eighteenth century. In 1705 he approved the work "Peri Ḥa-dash" ......
  10. Holger Paulli (Oliger Pauli) JE Danish religious fanatic; born in Copenhagen 1644; died there Aug., 1714. Of his early life little is known except that ......
  11. Paulus of Prague (Elhanan ben Menahem) JE Convert to Christianity; born apparently at Kholm (Chelm), Poland, about 1540; died at Prague about the end of the sixteenth ......
  12. History of the Jews in Pavia JE Italian city, situated on the River Ticino; the chief city of the province of Pavia. The first indication of the ......
  13. Angelo Pavia JE Italian deputy and lawyer; born at Venice Feb. 24, 1858. He is (1904) district attorney for the province of Como. ......
  14. Julius da Pavia (Lulllus da Pavia) JE Italian scholar of the eighth century; one of the first European Jews known by name. According to Alcuin, he sustained ......
  15. Eugenia Pavia-Gentilomo-Fortis JE Italian poetess; born at Milan Jan. 4, 1822; died at Asolo, near Treviso, Dec. 30, 1893. She was a pupil ......
  16. Duarte de Paz JE Portuguese Marano; representative of and attorney for his Portuguese coreligionists; died about 1541. He was a skilful diplomat but a ......
  17. Enrique Enriquez de Paz JE
  18. Peh JE Seventeenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Its name appears to be connected with "peh" = "mouth" (see Alphabet). "Pe" has ......
  19. Kiss of Peace JE Sacramental rite in the Christian Church, preceding the mass or communion service. It appears to be referred to in Rom. ......
  20. Peace Offering JE There are three kinds of peace-offering: (1) the thank-offering (V09p566001.jpg); (2) the votive-offering (V09p566002.jpg); and (3) the free-will offering (V09p566003.jpg). ......
  21. Feodosi Pecherski JE Russian saint of the eleventh century (1057-74). According to the so-called Nestorian chronicles, while superior of the Kiev monastery he ......
  22. History of the Jews in Pecs (or in Fünfkirchen) JE Royal free city in the county of Baranya, Hungary. The few Jewish families which had settled there toward the end ......
  23. Pedat ben Eleazar JE Palestinian amora of the fourth generation (first half of the fourth century). He was his father's pupil (Ber. 77b; M. ......
  24. Pedlers JE
  25. Pedro de la Caballeria JE

[edit] Section 4

  1. Pedro de Toledo - Ours is about city in Brazil - JE Viceroy of Naples; friend and protector of the Jews; he employed (c. 1530) Don Samuel Abravanel, the youngest son of ......
  2. Pechah JE An office, based upon a Babylonian model, and which existed in Palestine as early as the Biblical period, being mentioned, ......
  3. History of the Jews in Peine JE German town in the province of Hanover. It belonged formerly to the bishopric of Hildesheim. Jews lived there as early ......
  4. Peirins JE
  5. Raphael ben Jacob Peiser JE Rabbi of Peisern in the eighteenth century. He was the author of the "Or la-Yesharim" or "En Ya'aḳob," containing novellæ ......
  6. Simon ben Judah Löb Peiser JE Rabbi in Lissa; born at Peisern, Poland, about 1690. He was the author of "Naḥalat Shim'oni," an important work of ......
  7. Peixotto JE American Jewish family, originally from Spain, whence members thereof migrated by way of Holland to Curaçao, in the West Indies. ......
  8. Pekah JE Son of Remaliah and a king of Israel in the period of anarchy between the fall of the dynasty of ......
  9. Samuel Hirsh Peltin JE Polish author; born at Mariampol, government of Suwalki, May, 1831; died at Warsaw Sept. 30, 1896. In his youth he ......
  10. Peniel JE Place mentioned three times in the Old Testament. It was situated on the western bank of the Jordan, near the ......
  11. Solomon ben Abraham Peniel JE Scholar of unknown date and place. He was the author of a work entitled "Or 'Enayim," on the influence of ......
  12. Penini JE
  13. Penitential Days JE The first ten days of Tishri, beginning with the Day of Memorial (New-Year) and ending with the Day of Atonement. ......
  14. History of the Jews in Pennsylvania JE One of the original thirteen states of the American Union; named after William Penn, who received a grant of the ......
  15. Abraham Penso JE Turkish rabbinical author; lived at Sarajevo, Bosnia, at the end of the eighteenth century; pupil of David Pardo. Penso was ......
  16. Pentateuch - ours simply redirects to Tora - JE The five books of Moses. The word is a Greek adaptation of the Hebrew expression "ḥamishshah ḥumshe ha-Torah" (five-fifths of ......
  17. Aaron ben Chayyim ha-Kohen Perachyah JE Rabbi and author; flourished at Salonica in the seventeenth century; a pupil of Ḥasdai Peraḥyah ha-Kohen. He was the author ......
  18. Perachyah ben Nissim JE Tosafist of the second half of the thirteenth century; the author of novellæ on certain Talmudic treatises, some of whichwere ......
  19. Pereda JE Palestinian amora of the second generation; probably a pupil of R. Ammi, to whom he addressed a halakic question (Men. ......
  20. Nahum Abramovich Pereferkovich JE Russian author and translator; born at Stavropol, Caucasia, in 1871, receiving there his early education. In 1894 he was graduated ......
  21. Diego Lopez Pereira JE
  22. Abraham Peretz JE Russian financier; friend and contemporary of Nathan Notkin and Nevakhovich. He was a son of the rabbi of Levertov, Galicia, ......
  23. Isaac Löb Peretz JE Writer in Yiddish and Hebrew; born at Samoscz, government of Lublin, May 25, 1851. In the Hebrew school in which ......
  24. Abraham Israel Pereyra JE Spanish writer and philanthropist; born at Madrid; died 1699 at Amsterdam. He went to Venice to escape the persecution of ......
  25. Perez ben Isaac Cohen Gerondi JE Cabalist. The surname "Gerondi" is due to an unwarranted deduction by Jellinek ("Beiträge zur Gesch. der Kabbalah," ii. 64), and ......
  26. Perez ben Menahem JE Rabbi at Dreux; took part in his old age in the great synod held before 1160 under the presidency of ......
  27. Solomon ben Shalom Pergamenter of Brünn JE Austrian Hebraist and poet of the earlier part of the nineteenth century. He was the author of "Yesode ha-Lashon," in ......
  28. Gustav Peringer von Lilienblad JE Christian Orientalist; born 1651; died at Stockholm Jan. 5, 1710; studied under Wagenseil at Altdorf. He was professor of Oriental ......
  29. Jewish Periodicals JE In the broadest meaning of the term Jewish periodicals include all magazines as well as all newspapers which, either because ......

[edit] Section 5

  1. Max Perlbach JE German historian; born at Danzig, Prussia, Nov. 4, 1848. He attended the Friedrichs-Gymnasium at Breslau, and studied history at the ......
  2. Perles JE A family probably originating in Prague many members of which have been rabbis and scholars.Aaron b. Moses Meïr Perles: Rabbinical ......
  3. Issachar Perlhefter JE Bohemian rabbi and author; died after Sept. 9, 1701. He was a native of Prague and a scion of the ......
  4. Eliezer Perlman JE
  5. History of the Jews in Perpignan JE Ancient capital of the county of Roussillon, now the chief town of the department of Pyrénées-Orientales, France. Jews probably lived ......
  6. Pietro Perreau JE Christian librarian and Oriental scholar; born at Piacenza Oct. 27, 1827; studied in the Alberoni College of his native town ......
  7. History of the Jews in Persia (History of the Jews in Iran) JE One of the great kingdoms of the ancient world and a country connected in various ways with the history of ......
  8. History of the Jews in Pertius JE Cantonal chief town of the department of Vaucluse, France. Jews were settled there as early as the thirteenth century. According ......
  9. History of the Jews in Peru JE
  10. History of the Jews in Perugia JE Town in Umbria, Italy. It had a Jewish congregation as early as the fourteenth century. Several Jewish scholars lived there; ......
  11. Pesach Peter JE German baptized Jew of the end of the fourteenth and beginning of the fifteenth century. He charged that the Jews ......
  12. Moses ben Chayyim ben Shem-Tob Pesante JE Turkish commentator of the second half of the sixteenth century. He was the author of "Yesha' Elohim," a commentary on ......
  13. Aaron Pesaro JE Author of the work "Toledot Aharon," in which beside every Biblical verse is noted the place where the verse is ......
  14. Pesel JE Usually carved in wood, or hewn in stone, and called "massekah"; the ephod belonged to it as covering, as in ......
  15. Joseph Pesseles JE One of the foremost representative Jews of Wilna during the middle and latter part of the eighteenth century. His father, ......
  16. Pester Jüdische Zeitung JE Hungarian political journal in German, issued five times weekly, and printed in Hebrew type. It was founded in 1869 by ......
  17. Petachyah JE
  18. Pethahiah ben Jacob ha-Laban JE Traveler; born at Prague; flourished between 1175 and 1190. He journeyed from Ratisbon (Regensburg) to the East, traveling through Poland, ......
  19. Pethor JE Native city of Balaam. In Num. xxii. 5 it is called the city "by the river," and in Deut. xxiii. ......
  20. Petit Guillaume Haguinet JE
  21. Arbiter Petronius JE Latin satirist; generally assumed to be a contemporary of Nero. In a fragment he ridicules the Jews, declaring that, even ......
  22. Publius Petronius JE Governor of Syria (39-42); died probably in the reign of Claudius. During his term of office Petronius had frequent opportunities ......
  23. Petrus Leonis JE
  24. Pews JE
  25. History of the Jews in Peyrehorade JE Cantonal chief town of the department of Landes, France. A number of Jews who had been expelled from Spain and ......
  26. History of the Jews in Pfalzburg JE German city in the consistorial district of Metz; formerly in the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle and in the consistorial district of ......
  27. Pfersee JE Small locality near Augsburg, where Jews were living at an early date. About 1559 they were under the protection of ......
  28. Phabi JE High-priestly family which flourished about the period of the fall of the Second Temple.The name, with which may be compared ......

[edit] Section 6

  1. Phasaelis (Phaselus) JE City in Palestine founded by Herod the Great in honor of his brother Phasael (Phasaelus). It was situated in the ......
  2. Pheroras JE Son of Antipater and his wife Cypros; died in 5 B.C. (Josephus, "Ant." xvii. 3, § 3; "B. J." i. ......
  3. History of the Jews in Philadelphia JE Chief city of Pennsylvania, and the third, in point of population, in the United States. It is supposed that there ......
  4. The Philanthropin JE High school of the Hebrew community of Frankfort-on-the-Main. The institution, which has been in existence since Jan. 1, 1804, was ......
  5. Philip d'Aquinas JE
  6. Philip of Bathyra JE Son of Jacimus and grandson of Zamaris, both of whom governed the city of Bathyra in Trachonitis. Agrippa II. honored ......
  7. Édouard Sylvain Philippe JE French playwright; born at Paris April 18, 1840. Educated for a commercial career, he was engaged in business for more ......
  8. Félix Philippe JE French army officer; born 1825; died in Paris July 23, 1848. A lieutenant and instructor in artillery in the National ......
  9. Léon Gabriel Philippe JE French engineer; born at Paris Oct. 6, 1838; educated at the Ecole Polytechnique as an engineer of roads and bridges. ......
  10. History of the Jews in Philippopolis JE Capital of eastern Rumelia, or southern Bulgaria. Historical data of the early years of its Jewish community are very meager. ......
  11. David Philipson JE American rabbi; born at Wabash, Ind., Aug. 9, 1862; educated at the public schools of Columbus, Ohio, the Hebrew Union ......
  12. Barnet Phillips JE American journalist; born in Philadelphia Nov. 9, 1828; educated at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, whence he was graduated in ......
  13. Benjamin Samuel Phillips JE Lord mayor of London; born in London in 1811; died there Oct. 9, 1889. He was a son of Samuel ......
  14. George Lyon Phillips JE Jamaican politician; born in 1811; died at Kingston, Jamaica, Dec. 29, 1886. One of the most prominent and influential residents ......
  15. Morris Phillips JE American journalist and writer; born in London, England, May 9, 1834.Phillips received his elementary education in Cleveland, Ohio, and later ......
  16. Phineas Phillips JE Polish merchant; flourished about 1775. He held the position of chief of the Jewish community at Krotoschin, at that time ......
  17. Phinehas ben Clusoth JE Leader of the Idumcans. Simon b. Giora undertook several expeditions into the territory of the Idumeans to requisition provisions for ......
  18. Phinehas ben Chama JE Palestinian amora of the fourth century; born probably in the town of Siknin, where he was living when his brother ......
  19. Phinehas ben Samuel JE The last high priest; according to the reckoning of Josephus, the eighty-third since Aaron. He was a wholly unworthy person ......
  20. Haim Moses Picciotto JE Communal worker; born at Aleppo 1806; died at London, England, Oct. 19, 1879. He was a member of an ancient ......
  21. Adolf Pichler JE Austrian painter; born in 1834 at Cziffer, in the county of Presburg, Hungary. At the age of thirteen he went ......
  22. Joseph Pichon (Joseph Picho) JE "Almoxarife" and "contador mayor" (i.e., tax-collector-in-chief) of the city and the archbishopric of Seville; appointed in 1369 by Henry II. ......
  23. Joseph Pichon (Joseph Pitchon) JE Rabbinical author; lived in Turkey at the end of the seventeenth century. He was the author of "Minhage ha-Bediḳah be-'Ir ......
  24. Aaron Pick JE Biblical scholar; born at Prague, where he was converted to Christianity and lectured on Hebrew at the university; lived in ......
  25. Alois Pick JE Austrian physician, medical author, and dramatist; born at Karolinenthal, near Prague, Bohemia, Oct. 15, 1859. He studied medicine at the ......
  26. Behrendt Pick JE German numismatist and archeologist; born Dec. 21, 1861, at Posen. After passing through the Friedrich-Wilhelms Gymnasium of his native city, ......
  27. Isaiah Pick JE
  28. Philipp Joseph Pick JE Austrian dermatologist; born at Neustadt, Bohemia, Oct. 14, 1834. He studied natural sciences and medicine at Vienna (M.D. 1860) and ......
  29. Count Giovanni Frederico Pico de Mirandola JE Italian philosopher, theologian, and cabalist; born Feb. 24, 1463, at Mirandola; died at Florence Nov. 17, 1494. Gifted with high ......
  30. Pictorial art JE There are no ancient remains showing in what way, if any, the Jews of Bible times made use of painting ......
  31. Pidyon ha-Ben JE
  32. Pigo JE Italian family of rabbis. Formerly the name was as a rule transcribed Figo; in an Italian document of 1643 it ......
  33. Pi-Hahiroth JE A place in the wilderness where the Israelites encamped when they turned back from Etham. It lay between Migdol and ......