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The Jews of Hadramaut were an ancient Mizrahi community living in present-day Yemen.
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The community was very old, and, after the rise of Islam and the expulsion of the Hejazi Jews, the main centers of Jewish population in Arabia in Hadramaut and in Aden. However, the Jews of Hadramaut were much more islolated than their counterparts in Aden, and the community only became known to the outside world in the 1940s. The community had distinctive religious traditions. After the founding of the State of Israel, the community made Aliyah, and there are no more Hadramaut Jews in Yemen today.
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