Jewish ethnonyms
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article lists the ethnonyms of the Jewish people in various linguistic contexts. See the article Jew, Jew (word) and the Footnotes for etymological and other information. This article does not cover ethnic slurs.
| Afrikaans | Jood |
| Albanian | Hebré, |
| Amazigh | uday (s.), udayen (pl.) |
| Amharic | አይሁድ Ayhud (s. and pl.) |
| Arabic | يهودي Yahudi (sl.); يهود Yahud (pl.) بنو إسرائيل Bani Israel عبري Ebri |
| Armenian | Հրեա, Hre'a |
| Azeri | Cuhud, yəhudi |
| Basque | Judua, Judutarra |
| Bulgarian | Евреин, Evrein |
| Catalan | Jueu (masc. sig.); jueus (masc. pl.), jueva (fem. sing.); jueves (fem. pl.) |
| Chinese | 猶太人, Chinese, Traditional |
| 犹太人, Chinese, Simplified, pinyin: Yóutài Rén | |
| Croatian | Židov |
| Czech | Žid (as a member of nation) or žid (as a confessor of Judaism) |
| Dutch | Jood |
| Ancient Egyptian | Possibly Habiru2; Ishrail (Israel, cf. Israel Stela) |
| English | Jews1 |
| Hebrews2 | |
| Israelites or Children of Israel3 | |
| Esperanto | Judoj. L.L. Zamenhof described himself as hebreo. |
| Estonian | Juut |
| Finnish | Juutalainen |
| French | Juif (masc.); Juive (fem.) |
| Galego | Xudeo (masc.); Xudía (fem.) |
| Georgian | ებრელი, Ebreli |
| German | Jude (masc.); Jüdin (fem.); Juden (pl.) |
| Ancient Greek | Ἰουδαῖος, Ioudaios1 |
| Ἑβραῖος, Hebraios (from Evrei)2 | |
| Hebrew | יהודי, Yehudi (sl.); יהודים, Yehudim (pl.) 1 |
| עברי, Ivri (sl.); עברים, Ivrim2 | |
| בני ישׂראל, Bnei Yisrael (pl.)3 | |
| Hindi | Yahudi |
| Hungarian | Zsidó |
| Icelandic | gyðingur (sl.) |
| Indonesian/Malay | Yahudi |
| Italian | Ebreo (masc. sing.); ebrei (masc. pl.); ebrea (fem. sing.); ebree (fem. pl.) |
| Japanese | ユダヤ人, Yudaya-jin |
| Korean | 유태인, Yutae-in |
| Ladino | djudio, Judio (singular) |
| los ebreos (the Jews) | |
| Latin | Iudaeus1 |
| Latvian | Ebrejs |
| Lithuanian | Žydai |
| Norwegian | Jøde |
| Persian | جهود or يهود -- Johud (Persian) or Yahūdī (from Arabic) |
| Polish | Żyd |
| Portuguese | Judeu (masc. sing); judeus (masc. pl.); judia (fem. sing.); judias (fem. pl.). Also hebreus and israelitas (both masc. pl.) |
| Romanian | Evreu, israelit, jidov(archaic), ovrei (archaic and demeaning), jidan (highly pejorative) |
| Russian | Еврей, Yevrey (sl.); Евреи, Yevrei2 (pl.): Typically denotes the ethnicity (национальность - natsional'nost') |
| Иудей, Iudey (sl.); Иудеи, Iudei1 (pl.): Typically denotes the followers of Judaism. | |
| Serbian | Јевреј Jevrej |
| Slovak | Žid |
| Spanish | Judío; israelita is archaic but used as in the name of the Alianza Israelita Argentina. |
| Swahili | Yahudi |
| Swedish | Jude |
| Tagalog | Hudyo, Israelita (both derived from Spanish) |
| Thai | คนยิว |
| Tibetan | Yahutapa |
| Ukrainian | Єврей (sl.); євреї (pl.) |
| Vietnamese | người Do Thái |
| Turkish | Yahudi, Çıfıt (religious) something related to, or a follower of Judaism, latter usually considered pejorative. |
| Musevi, (religious) a follower of Moses, also a euphemism for Yahudi. | |
| İbrani, (ethnic) a Hebrew. | |
| Yiddish | ייד, Yid1 (pronounced [ˈjid]) (sl.); יידן, Yidn (pronounced [ˈjidn]) (pl.) |
[edit] No longer in use
- In the period preceding and during the British Mandate of Palestine, Jews who lived there were called (and also called themselves) Palestinian Jews or simply Palestinians, but after the emergence of Arab Palestinian nationalism and the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, the term "Palestinians" came to be used almost exclusively for Palestinian Arabs. (See Definitions of Palestine:Palestinian and Zionism)
