Talk:Jehovah

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[edit] This page has been provided so that

This page has been provided so that Wikipedia editors may comment on the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah. Seeker02421 13:01, 3 April 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Why is this article part of the JW Project?

Why is this article part of the JW Project? No doubt they have an interest in the subject, but it's about the name of God in the Bible, which is not owned by them. Unless they really are the only ones who support using this form of the name?

Another thing, can anyone explain to me why the exact pronunciation is such an issue? Can you provide an example of any name in the Bible that English-speakers pronounce exactly like the ancient Hebrews?—Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.94.130.39 (talk) 15:02, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

This article has be erroneously redirected to Tetragrammaton. I beseech some adminstrator out there to revert it back ASAP.

70.178.120.190 21:37, 17 June 2006 (UTC)

Where is the nice very articulate article information that was here a few months ago? Has all that info been erased? I suspect some vandalism based on POV is going on here. 70.178.120.190 21:53, 17 June 2006 (UTC)

Because this type of format allows people to change info obviously those opposed to the use of Jehovah's name will take advantage of the oppurtunity to erase all mention of this name. But for all who will erase there will always be someone to write. It can work both ways.

I have brought back the article "Jehovah" Ice9Tea 23:22, 28 April 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Headings

Verbose heading names such as "Modern scholars believe that Jehovah is a hybrid name" are not encyclopedic. Article needs a lot of rewriting. I don't have time to overhaul at the moment, but someone should.--Jeffro77 14:27, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Lead

The lead includes the following...

Under the heading "יהוה c. 6823", the editors of the the Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon write that יְהֹוָה occurs 6518 times in the Masoretic Text. In the beginning of the 17th century [or possibly even earlier] scholars had rose up to question whether or not the vowel points found in the Hebrew spelling יְהֹוָה were the actual vowel points of God's name and in return other scholars rose up to defend the accuracy of the vowel points found in יְהֹוָה. The controversy over whether or not the vowel points of יְהֹוָה are the actual vowel points of God's name continues even today.

Why is this in the lead? Seems like it belongs in the main body of the article. --Richard 05:51, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Redirect to Yahweh

There has been an edit war between User:A.J.A. and User:Ice9Tea over the redirect to Yahweh. Would each side please explain the arguments for and against the redirect? --Richard 05:58, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

The Wikipedia Article:Jehovah and the Wikipedia Article:Yahweh are two different articles. The Wikipedia Article:Jehovah was started by persons who wanted to write an article on the name Jehovah, not by persons who wanted to write an article on the name Yahweh. Persons who want to write an article on the name Yahweh can go to Yahweh. It is my impression that the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah has been created by persons whose primary interest is in wanting to write a positive Article on the name Jehovah, while adhering to Wikipedia's "Neutral point of view" rules.
It is my impression that the editors of the Wikipedia Article:Yahweh are not primarilly interested in writing a positive article on the name "Jehovah", while adhering to Wikipedia's "Neutral point of view" rules.
Seeker02421 10:20, 1 May 2007 (UTC)
Seeker02421 10:33, 1 May 2007 (UTC)
It is my opinion that any article on Jehovah should deal with the obvious controversy that exists concerning the vowel points of יְהֹוָה. However there are scholars that can be quoted who believe that the vowel points of יְהֹוָה are the actual vowel points of God's name. In my opinion, their views should be allowed to be posted, as long as Wikipedia's "Neutral point of view" rules are adhered to.
Seeker02421 11:06, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

Most of the content now in the article was added in this edit by Seeker02421. The actual edit summary:

Cut and pasted sections # 1 through sections # 4 from the Wikipedia Article:Yahweh into this Wikipedia Article:Jehovah

This is the fork and Yahweh is the main article; it has the same information found here and more. (Am I mistaken in the impression that the current version carefully avoids linking there? Why, if not for POV reasons?)

Second, check the article history. There appears to have been a history before the first revision saved [1]; there appear to have been a confused series of page moves and I don't know where the successor (if any) to the original article is now to be found. But this is clear: for the large majority of the time since then, this has been a redirect. A.J.A. 15:31, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

I don't think that it is useful to say "X is the main article and Y is the fork". Let's figure out how many articles we need and then decide which titles to use as article titles and which to use as redirects. It seems obvious that Yahweh is a more comprehensive article than this one is but that could mean that we should merge Yahweh into this one or Yahweh AND Jehovah into Tetragrammaton.
What I think we need to understand now is whether we need one article, two articles or three. Right now we have three Yahweh, Jehovah and Tetragrammaton. Do we need three or can we merge some or all of these?
--Richard 15:51, 1 May 2007 (UTC)
We need two articles, which should be arranged so as to make the disambiguation at the top of Tetragrammaton correct.
Historical information about the rendering "Jehovah" belongs in Tetragrammaton; there is not enough content to justify a separate article. Even if there were, that isn't the issue right now. The issue is whether there should be an article devoted to a sectarian defense of a mistaken transliteration; "Wikipedia Article:Jehovah has been created by persons whose primary interest is in wanting to write a positive Article on the name Jehovah", according to one of those very people.
BTW, I've come to think this page should redirect to Jehovah (disambiguation), or that it should be copied onto this page and made a redirect here. A.J.A. 16:33, 1 May 2007 (UTC)
There are not three articles currently, but five: Tetragrammaton, I am that I am, Yahweh, Iaoue and Jehovah. The ideal would be one article but there is probably too much content, in which case my next best proposal would be one article on Pronunciation of the Tetragrammaton which would combine Iaoue, Jehovah and Yahweh. That would leave room for the Tetragrammaton to concentrate on the meaning of the word, incorporating I am that I am. Separate articles are required in any case for the attributes of God as taught by each faith which claims to be based on the Bible, e.g. God in Christianity.
Unless Iaoue is included in the merge - and it does seem a good self-contained article at the moment - then I do not see merit in holding just Jehovah and Yahweh in one article. - Fayenatic london (talk) 21:14, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

It appears I may have jumped the gun in my revert, IMO however I am concerned about the need to have an article titled "Jehovah". This is a very well known english spelling of the Tetragrammaton. If we need a disambig page then all five of the articles mentioned by Fayenatic london should be included on that page. Perhaps a better solution might be a were you looking for[[[...]] tag? Or a see alos section at the beginning. George 22:57, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton

I was bold and implemented a variant of User:Fayenatic london's suggestion. I discovered that the word used in the Tetragrammaton article was "transcription" not "pronounciation" so I created an article titled Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton whose scope is intended to be the discussion of Jehovah, Yahweh and Iaoue from the perspective of transcription only.

I'm not sure where the discussion of the God of Judaism and Christianity should go. User:Fayenatic london suggests that it should go into the now shortened Tetragrammaton article. That makes a certain amount of sense but I have to say that it is not very satisfying because who the hell says "Hear O Israel, the Lord our Tetragrammaton is One" or "I believe in Tetragrammaton the Father and in Jesus Christ his only Son"? Ain't nobody but a Biblical scholar going to look for the description of the Judaic and Christian God in Tetragrammaton.

--Richard 23:51, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

For technical reasons regarding preservation of edit history, that is currently a redirect to Tetragrammaton. The original text of Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton can be found in User:Richardshusr/Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton. --Richard 15:26, 2 May 2007 (UTC)

I merged Iaoue and Iabe into Greek transcriptions of the Hebrew Divine Name, but put the non-linguistic parts of Iabe in Samaritans.
I found (but so far I have done nothing about) much content-forking between Yahweh and Tetragrammaton.
Anthony Appleyard 12:08, 2 May 2007 (UTC)
The strategy seems to be to separate linguistic issues from semantic content. Anthony has created Greek transcriptions of the Hebrew Divine Name.
I propose that we merge Greek transcriptions of the Hebrew Divine Name and User:Richardshusr/Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton into Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton and then merge in any other discussions of linguistic issues from Jehovah, Yahweh, etc. --Richard 15:26, 2 May 2007 (UTC)
User:Richardshusr/Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton seems to be the same or nearly the same as Tetragrammaton.
Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton now is a redirect to Tetragrammaton.
Well, yes. I had tried to separate out the linguistic discussions in Tetragrammaton into User:Richardshusr/Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton. If we agree to create Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton with the initial content being taken from User:Richardshusr/Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton, then obviously those sections would be removed from Tetragrammaton. The next step would be to merge Greek transcriptions of the Hebrew Divine Name into Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton and delete those sections from Yahweh. --Richard 17:54, 2 May 2007 (UTC)
There also seems to be some content forking between Yahweh and Jehovah.
Anthony Appleyard 17:38, 2 May 2007 (UTC)
The key question is where to place the semantic discussion of what the god named by YHWH, Yahweh, Jehovah etc. Right now all these articles are a mish-mash of linguistic and semantic content with heavy duplication and content forking all over the place.
One question that also needs to be addressed is whether YHWH, Yahweh, Jehovah, etc. have any reason to exist independent of Tetragrammaton and Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton or if they should be re-directs.
If they are to be redirects, to what should they re-direct to? Obvious candidates would be Tetragrammaton or to Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton. Both proposals make sense but are emotionally unsatisfying because people who look up Yahweh or Jehovah are going to want a discussion of God not a discussion of the Tetragrammaton and especially not a discussion of linguistic issues surrounding the transcription of the Tetragrammaton. For this reason, a better candidate is actually Abrahamic conceptions of God which I am trying to rename to God in Abrahamic religions.
--Richard 17:54, 2 May 2007 (UTC)
A fact.. "Jehovah" has been used by many Christian groups for many many years as Gods name. There is a group of people numbering in the 6-7 million range that go door to door in virtually every country pretty much at least once a week or more telling people that Gods name is Jehovah. Millions of times each day the name Jehovah is being spoken by people worshipping a God whom they know as Jehovah. are these also true of the names Yahweh (a form like Jehovah) and Tetragrammaton? Allah by the way does not redirect to God, though it means God. Jehovah is an anglicised pronunciation of the Divine name meaning "He Causes to Become". It needs to be a stand alone article, at least out of respect. Jellofever 01:18, 3 May 2007 (UTC) Jellofever 01:21, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
  • Re User talk:Anthony Appleyard#Recent edits to Yahweh: I started to move the Jehovah stuff from Yahweh to Jehovah to try to cure some of the content-forking, but the job got complicated and it got late at night (my time here in England is Wikipedia signature time plus one hour: Wiki 22:57 = 3 minutes to midnight here), so I realized that I better back out and try again in the morning, and that I better discuss the matter longer here.
Anyway: it looks like that the sections Yahweh#Early use of forms similar to "Jehovah", Yahweh#Use of "Jehovah" in English, Yahweh#J/Y, Yahweh#Controversy in the 16th and 17th century should be moved to Jehovah and merged in in time order of the topics discussed.
Also the statement that the Hebrew leters YHWH carry the vowels for Adonai and occasionally Elohim, occurs more than once.
Anthony Appleyard 05:17, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
I think it would be better to consolidate first into one article about God as depicted in the Old Testament at Yahweh and one about the name itself at Tetragrammaton before deciding if any subtopics have enough content to warrant forking from the consolidated articles. A.J.A. 05:27, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
  • I have made a small addition to the end of the section Yahweh#Cultus.
What happens to the text about events AD when qere-vowel-pointed forms of Hebrew y-h-w-h were misread by European Christians, thus producing the form "Jehovah"?
Anthony Appleyard 05:33, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
Anthony, thank you for your efforts on these articles. Please do not take the following as an attack on those efforts but rather as an effort to achive some clarity in this muddled mess.
I think you are jumping the gun and presuming a resolution to the edit war over the redirect of this article to Yahweh.
You are also presuming a decision regarding my proposal that both Jehovah and Yahweh be redirected to God in Abrahamic religions or Tetragrmmaton.
Presumably you think that Yahweh and Jehovah should each continue on as stand-alone articles rather than as redirects.
I think we should discuss the merits of your position before you invest a lot of time in these edits.
The following is based on a review of the discussions here on this Talk Page and the edit summaries in the edit history of this page.
The current situation seems to be that Ice9Tea, Seeker02421, Fayenatic london and presumably yourself believe that Jehovah and Yahweh should both exist as stand-alone articles.
A.J.A., Whpq and Jpgordon believe that Jehovah should re-direct to Yahweh.
Johanneum believes that both Jehovah and Yahweh should redirect to Tetragrammaton
I believe that both Jehovah and Yahweh should re-direct to God in Abrahamic religions. I do not believe that either Jehovah or Yahweh should have stand-alone articles as they are both transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton and we don't need three separate articles about three names for the same concept.
I am open to the idea of there being articles at Jehovah and Yahweh which discuss briefly the history of how that form of the name came to be differentiated from other transcriptions and who uses that particular transcription. However, I think there should be a single article that discusses the transcription issue. I don't understand why there should be an article on Greek transcriptions of the Hebrew Divine Name. First, why "Hebrew Divine Name" instead of "Tetragrammaton" and why only "Greek transcriptions" instead of including all transcriptions including Yahweh and Jehovah?
Thus your position represents a plurality (4/9) but not a majority and certainly not the consensus position.
What do we need to do to form a consensus here?
--Richard 12:17, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
  • Sorting out the Jehovah matter and the Yahweh matter each onto its own file, and then seeing how far each could be sorted and information duplications removed, would seem to be needed to be done first, before putting them into God in Abrahamic religions#Jehovah and God in Abrahamic religions#Yahweh or wherever they are put. There is also a risk that if everything was put in God in Abrahamic religions, God in Abrahamic religions would thereby become too big and need splitting: in that case the wordier sub-topics may have to stay in their own files. (I had that when I was editing Frogman: it got bigger and bigger, and in the end I had to split off Anti-frogman techniques and pages for each of some nations' frogman organizations.) Anthony Appleyard 16:31, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
    • Why Greek transcriptions of the Hebrew Divine Name?: OK OK, I could rename it was Greek transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton.
    • why only "Greek transcriptions" instead of including all transcriptions including Yahweh and Jehovah?: Early Christian Greek transcriptions are the only transcriptions that we have from the early Hebrew spoken priestly tradition straight into an alphabet with a full vowel system. The Roman-alphabet spelling "Yahweh" is a modern reconstruction partly based on the early Greek transcriptions. The Roman-alphabet spelling "Jehovah" came from the well-known medieval European error misreading the Hebrew text. Anthony Appleyard 16:43, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
Yes, but my point is that they are all transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton. User:Richardshusr/Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton is intended to include all transcriptions not just into English but into other languages. Why not include the Greek transcriptions in the article as the earliest transcriptions from which Yahweh was derived. My goal is to put all information about transcriptions of any sort in the Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton article and then reserve other article titles for discussions about the nature and history of God. Whether these discussions happen in Jehovah, Yahweh or God in Abrahamic religions is a secondary question to the question of where the discussions of linguistic issues should go.
--Richard 17:09, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
Richard wrote:
>>>
I am open to the idea of there being articles at Jehovah and Yahweh which discuss briefly the history of how that form of the name came to be differentiated from other transcriptions and who uses that particular transcription.
>>>
In my opinion no brief article on Jehovah would satisfy those editors that want an article on Jehovah to be written,
and
In my opinion, without careful structuring of the sections,
any single Article on Jehovah is probably likely to be subject to
edit wars,
even if it was possible,
[and it wouldn’t be],
to limit the editors to only those who wanted to write about Jehovah.
Could two articles on Jehovah be created,
one that would satisfy Bible Believing Protestant Christians,
and
one that would satisfy Jehovah’s Witnesses?
or
Is it possible to create a single Article:Jehovah that could be sectioned off in such a way that Jehovah’s Witnesses and Bible Believing Protestant Christians could work together on the same article,
without getting into endless edit wars with each other?
Concerning the Jehovah/Yahweh controversy,
I think that the Article Yahweh has done an excellent job of presenting the evidence that scholars are using to make the case that God’s name may actually be “Yahweh”,
and I think that the Article Yahweh has done an excellent job of presenting the evidence that scholars are using to state more or less dogmatically that the vowel points of Jehovah are not the actual vowel points of God’s name.
However some Bible Believing Protestant Christians refuse to accept the scholarly consensus that Jehovah does not have the actual vowel points of God’s name, they sincerely believe that the scholars are mistaken, and they continue to honor God by using the name Jehovah.
And Jehovah’s Witnesses have their own particular issues to defend, concerning the name “Jehovah“
Seeker02421 17:28, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
The following questions are not meant to be rhetorical or argumentative but are truly meant in the spirit of wanting to understand your points without my having to read all the previous discussion on all the relevant pages.
Are you therefore asserting that it is folly to try and park all the "transcription issues" in a separate article because these issues are at the very core of whether to use "Jehovah" rather than "Yahweh"? That we can't have a brief summary of the issues in Jehovah and Yahweh and a "main article" link to the Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton article?
Also, can you explain in a nutshell why one would wish for the ability to have a separate article about Jehovah that fits the JW point of view? What is different about Jehovah for them that is not true for other Christians who prefer the name Jehovah over Yahweh?
--Richard 17:43, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
I have avoided doing any further work on User:Richardshusr/Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton because I'm trying to gauge how much support there is for my proposed framework. Would you support merging Greek transcriptions of the Hebrew Divine Name into User:Richardshusr/Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton followed by merging transcription-related material from Jehovah and Yahweh?
I have to admit my personal bias. I don't much care whether we call God God, Yahweh or Jehovah. The transcription issues are vaguely interesting but not relevant to my understanding of God. What's interesting from an encyclopedic perspective is that different groups of Christians do care about these names and I think the articles on Yahweh and Jehovah should spend more effort explaining how the issue of naming arose and less time on the technical aspects of the transcriptions. In essence, the reader of the current Yahweh and Jehovah articles risks "losing the forest for the trees". The average reader will not want to understand and follow the linguistic issues since most readers probably won't know enough Hebrew to follow it. (I certainly don't). My proposal is that we give the reader a synopsis of the linguistic issues and a pointer to a more technical article on the linguistic issues.
--Richard 17:43, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
  • I have looked again at Yahweh and Jehovah, and it seems that there are these topics here:-
    1. The history of the God Yahweh / Yahu / etc and His Name from pre-Judaic times and among Jews, excepting the linguistic results of contact with people who use Greek or Roman alphabets.
    2. The history of attempts to write the Tetragrammaton in the Greek and Roman alphabets, including the old "Jehovah" mistranscription and how the resulting scholarly dispute was eventually resolved. This will inevitably tie in with the history of theories about how Y-H-W-H was pronounced in Hebrew.
    3. The history of "Jehovah" as an established European Christian name of God.
    4. Someone above mentioned "Abrahamic religions", but presumably Allah can be left out of this.

Anthony Appleyard 17:54, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

At the risk of repeating myself, the problem here is that the Yahweh article is highly likely to lose the average reader because it leads with the section on "The Name". I understand that there is a deep controversy over Yahweh and Jehovah but the fact remains that, for the average reader, this is not something that they can really understand or that they care about that deeply. I would wager that the average JW "knows" that "Jehovah" is the "right name" for their God but not many would be able to give you a deep erudite discourse on why it is preferable to "Yahweh" and I doubt many would care. (I admit this is pure speculation on my part and am willing to be corrected.)

What's important is that Yahweh came from YHWH and that this isn't something a Hebrew or Jew would say but that many Christians would (except for JWs and some others). Thus, I would restructure the article with the sections in the following order "Usage", "Attributes", "Derivation", "The Name" with much of the section "The Name" being moved to Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton.

The Jehovah article is even worse. It seems to talk only about the transcription issues. If any Christian, especially a JW, came to the Jehovah article, he would expect a description of the God that "Jehovah" names. That description is sorely lacking in the Jehovah article. The transcription-wonks have taken over this corner of Wikipedia and it is time for the "rest of us" to take it back.

--Richard 18:06, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

Richard,
Please don't throw out the baby with the dirty washwater.
You previously wrote:
>>>
The following questions are not meant to be rhetorical or argumentative but are truly meant in the spirit of wanting to understand your points without my having to read all the previous discussion on all the relevant pages.
Are you therefore asserting that it is folly to try and park all the "transcription issues" in a separate article because these issues are at the very core of whether to use "Jehovah" rather than "Yahweh"? That we can't have a brief summary of the issues in Jehovah and Yahweh and a "main article" link to the Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton article?
Also, can you explain in a nutshell why one would wish for the ability to have a separate article about Jehovah that fits the JW point of view? What is different about Jehovah for them that is not true for other Christians who prefer the name Jehovah over Yahweh?
>>>
Richard,
Earlier I was basically responding to your previous comment:
>>>
I am open to the idea of there being articles at Jehovah and Yahweh which discuss briefly the history of how that form of the name came to be differentiated from other transcriptions and who uses that particular transcription.
>>>
It is quite possible that both Wikipedia:Yahweh and Wikipedia:Tetragrammaton could continue to exist basically as they are today, and that possibly Yahweh and Tetragrammaton might be merged. It was not too long ago some users sought for that merger to take place.
If separate Jehovah articles existed, the Jehovah sections in Wikipedia:Yahweh and Wikipedia:Tetragrammaton could possibly both be reduced, with directs to the potentially 2 new Jehovah articles.
I am not a Jehovah’s Witness but, there was a time when considerable Jehovah’s Witness input could be found on Wikipedia:Tetragrammaton. Almost all of that input was purged,
which left Jehovah‘s Witnesses very unhappy, because every attempt they made to create a Wikipedia Article:Jehovah ended up being reverted to Wikipedia:Tetragrammaton, where they were not allowed to post their views.
Jehovah’s Witnesses seem to look at the name Jehovah as being the traditional name of God, that is known all over the world, although it may be spelled slightly differently in each language. The official Watchtower Site acknowledges up front, that they don’t believe that Jehovah actually has the correct vowel points. Further more the Old Testament that Jehovah‘s Witnesses translate the name Jehovah from, only preserves the spelling (Y)Jehovah about 44 times out of the 6823 times that the Tetragrammaton is found.
In the case of the King James Bible, the Old Testament is translated from a Masoretic Text that preserved (Y)Jehovah 6518 times AND (Y)Jehovih 305 times.
Bible Believing Protestant Christians and Jehovah’s Witnesses do not see eye-to-eye concerning the underlying Hebrew vocalization of the Tetragrammaton, from which Jehovah has been derived.

Seeker02421 18:22, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

Richard,
I’m glad you agree it is speculative to suggest what the average reader cares about deeply or does not care about deeply. Frankly, for encyclopedic content it should be assumed that readers interested in a particular subject desire an objective and thorough presentation on that particular subject. Otherwise what is the point of encyclopedic presentation?
-- Marvin Shilmer 18:39, 3 May 2007 (UTC)


I have nothing against "thoroughness". I do think that a good encyclopedia should present information at a level aimed at the "average reader" with additional detail for the reader with greater sophistication and interest. I do not think that the Jehovah and Yahweh articles do that.
I am proposing that the more detailed information be moved to a separate article Transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton with a 2-3 paragraph summary aimed at the "average reader" kept in Jehovah and Yahweh. Do you object to this framework?
--Richard 19:02, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
As for Jehovah’s Witnesses and Yahweh versus Jehovah, for whatever it’s worth, though the Watchtower organization asserts Jehovah is the best known English rendering it nevertheless admits Yahweh is actually favored by most Hebrew scholars.
-- Marvin Shilmer 18:39, 3 May 2007 (UTC)


Ah, but this still doesn't explain why Seeker02421 suggests that there should be separate articles for Jehovah that the JWs can edit to their heart's content. I oppose this idea on the grounds that it would create a POV fork. What I'm trying to understand is what problem this solution is intended to solve. --Richard 19:02, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
Richard
Years of history of the Article:Jehovah appears to have been deleted, but when the history existed, it was obvious that any attempt to write an article on Jehovah was almost impossible. Somebody was always adding a revert to some other aricle.
Jehovah_1 exists, which seems to indicate that Jehovah_2 or Jehovah_3 could also be created. However maybe something like Jehovah_JW and Jehovah_KJV might be more informative.
The article Jehovah_JW would appeal to Jehovah's Witnesses, the article Jehovah_KJV hopefully would appeal to KJVO Christians and to persons wanting to get a thourough understanding of why there is almost a 100% consensus among scholars that Jehovah is not actually God's name, yet there are scholars like Gerard Gertoux that have written books defending the pronunciation "Yehowah" / "Jehovah".
Hopefully, almost immediately the "Jehovah" sections of the articles "Yahweh" and "Tetragrammaton" could be minimized, and yet the previous information would still be accessable on Wikipedia.
Seeker02421 19:30, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
Richard,
Ah. I understand.
Given that Jehovah and Yahweh represent different conclusions of the same subject it is silly, to me, that either should be addressed without the other.
I suspect the hang up stems from aggressive editing by honest individuals untrained in objective research and presentation, which leads to honest but unlearned presentation and dispute. (Not talking about you or other recent editors on this subject)
-- Marvin Shilmer 19:43, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

(edit conflict with Anthony Appleyard)

To Marvin Shilmer,

So do you support Seeker02421's solution, my solution or Anthony Appleyard's solution (which he is implementing as we speak but without a clear exposition here on this Talk Page).

I think Anthony intends that we keep the Jehovah and Yahweh articles more or less as is with the de-forking of the theophoric discussions that he has just finished implementing (see below).

--Richard 19:54, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

To Seeker02421,

I still don't understand the nature of the controversy between JWs and KJVO Christians regarding the Jehovah article. Presumably they both agree that the use of the name Jehovah is the appropriate name for God. What is it that they disagree about?

--Richard 19:54, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

  • I have ventured to merge the "evidence from theophoric names" matter from Yahweh to Jehovah. That cured major content forking and much repeated text. Feel free to revert in both files if you disagree with this. Anthony Appleyard 19:50, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
  • Re Yahu- theophoric names, I have just discovered (but not done anything about) serious content forking between the above theophoric name matter and the page Theophoric name.
It also may be (but I have done nothing about) that the sections Yahweh#Early use of forms similar to "Jehovah" Yahweh#Use of "Jehovah" in English Yahweh#J/Y Yahweh#Controversy in the 16th and 17th century would be better in Jehovah.
Anthony Appleyard 20:06, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
Richard,
Unfortunately I do not have time to offer a studied reply to your request (of which side). I was not trying to enter a fray. My comments were intended only to offer a brief statement of fact from the Watchtower perspective, just in case that is/was somehow party to a sticking point.
I took a brief look at the article as a whole. My impression is the article is derailed right out of the gate by the introduction mentioning particular religious perspectives. Such information should be part of the body of presentation and not the introduction. Jehovah or Yahweh or Whatever is first and foremost a scholarly question and afterward a religious issue. This is true from lexicographic, historical and theological perspectives.
At the moment I do not have the time to engage this subject with the thoroughness it deserves for an encyclopedic presentation.
-- Marvin Shilmer 20:24, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
  • It seems that the name "Jehovah" originated as a ghost word, but by now has life of its own and is accepted by millions of Christians who use it in hymns and prayers as a name of God. Anthony Appleyard 20:33, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

Richard wrote:

>>>
To Seeker02421,

I still don't understand the nature of the controversy between JWs and KJVO Christians regarding the Jehovah article. Presumably they both agree that the use of the name Jehovah is the appropriate name for God. What is it that they disagree about?
>>>

Richard,

One reason Jehovah's Witnesses disagree with KJVO Christians, is that the underlying Hebrew of the Old Testament of the KJV preserves (Y)Jehovah 6518 times, but the KJV translators only translated (Y)Jehovah as Jehovah seven times. That forces KJVO Christians to offer a reasonable explanation of why the KJV translators did not translate (Y)Jehovah as Jehovah 6518 times. This can result in some heated discussions.

Jehovah's Witnesses are considered to be a non-Christian cult, by a large proportion of Protestant Christians, including myself.

Since I presently find myself on Wikipedia, trying to support efforts by Jehovah's Witnesses to have an article titled Jehovah-xxx, and since I don't believe in what I consider to be their non-Christian Doctrines, I am going to drop out of further discussions concerning the Article:Jehovah, and just wait for the final decision by the Wikipedia Moderators involved here.

Seeker02421 21:23, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

  • Re queries above: e.g. getting rid of content-forking in text about theophoric names between Yahweh and Jehovah, or in in any topic between any two of these files, should mean less work to come if/when those files are merged later: e.g. if the matter about theophoric names is only on one of these files, then it will not have to be merged later as files are merged. If we gradually remove all content forking and information duplication between these files, then merging all or some of the files at the end will be easy. Anthony Appleyard 22:33, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
I have corrected some links at the start of Jehovah#"Yahweh" and theophoric names.
Anthony Appleyard 09:14, 4 May 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Disambiguation pages

It seems that this discussion has spilled over to the related disambiguation pages. A.J.A redirected Jehovah (disambiguation) to Yahweh (disambiguation) and added the Jehova related entries there. While this has some merit, it also results immediately in questions about how exactly the respective entries should be represented and my further edits have been reverted. I have now separated the two disambiguation pages again and linked them two each other. For once, there are right now two different wikipedia articles for Jehova and Yahweh, but more importantly becuse the dab pages are mostly interesting for their other uses (besides the tetragrammaton) and the two are different search terms: It is not evry leilely that someone typing Yahweh searches for Jehovah 1 and someone typing Jehova for Prophet Yahweh. If above discussion results in a consensus on some unification, this may be revisited, but for the moment I would ask all not to not unilaterally anticipate any conclusion on the dab pages. Thanks! --Tikiwont 07:47, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

This last at least has some rational consideration behind it. I got the impression your previous two were done for the sake of having been the last one to alter the page. Your first post-merge edit was borderline vandalism.
But this is still highly ill-considered, because of the redirects. How do you know someone typing Iaoue wants Yahweh? Why should Transcribing JHVH lead to Yahweh rather than Jehovah? For that matter, how do we know someone typing Jehovah wants narrow information on that English rendering rather than about all renderings or the Deity Himself? The only way to make sure everyone gets where they're going is to consolidate the information about the name into one article and make the others redirects to the disambiguation page. A.J.A. 18:34, 5 May 2007 (UTC)
Well, from my side your additions looked like a variation of earlier unilaterally redirecting Jehovah to Yahweh or wherelse. However, I saw some advantages in having only one dab page, so I did not revert your edit but was neither satisfied with the new unified page. (My first edit was in my understanding in the line of WP:MOSDAB).
It seems now to me that the main discrepancy is between approaching "disambiguation as the process of resolving conflicts in article titles that occur when a single term can be associated with more than one topic", while you're trying to solve the problem that more than one term is associated with the same topic. As far as I remember at that time also tetragrammaton was still a separate article and seemed to me the logical target for most content related redirects such as the ones you mention while I see the dab purpose more on the lexigraphical side. We do not know what someone actually has in mind when typing or checking a link to, or being redirected to e.g. Jehovah, but right now they will see on top a dab link to take care of other literal uses. If not explained or linked sufficiently in the article itself, maybe one could add a second note such as "For other renderings of the name of the deity, see tetragrammaton" where the latter is an example only that might be modified, depending on where this information is supposed to be. (It could also be a section in an article). I may try it out as example. On the other hand, if you want to consolidate the information in one place, why would you want to redirect related terms not there but to a dab page?--Tikiwont 22:01, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Merging

  • A lot of good work. But right now all redirects to Yahweh, where Tetragrammaton would be the better target. It is neutral, and also acceptable to Jews. The discussion about the Name can be moved there (from both Jehovah and Yahweh). Then Yahweh and Jehovah can refer to the discussion in Tetragrammaton. They need not be redirects: there will be other material under these headings.

213.84.53.62 22:28, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

I agree... this is what I've been trying to say for some time. --Richard 22:43, 5 May 2007 (UTC)
  • Point taken, but it is 11.40 pm here in England. I will have to look at the matter in the morning. Anthony Appleyard 22:40, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

[edit] The vocalization "Yahweh" is wildly improbable

to the extent of being almost comical. In fact, it's wide usage is not considered offensive by traditional Jews precisely because of its inaccuracy; hence it is deemed as not taking God's name in vain. It does, however, do injustice to the Hebrew language. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 205.68.95.65 (talk) 18:04, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

So bold and brave a comment begs to be addressed: A for Adonai and E for Elohim, not so "wild" if you, think, about it. Especially since Jews had the nerve to skip the name and effectively read aloud "Lord, LORD." GabrielVelasquez (talk) 20:11, 11 January 2008 (UTC) 20:10, 11 January 2008 (UTC)

[edit] "Unknown Importance." - Excuse me?!

Think again, it's like asking is the Bible important; there are roughly 270 other names in the Bible that refer to the translated (not transliterated) name of the god of the Bible. And they themselves have also been translated using the "J" of the english language rather than the transliterated "Y" of the hebrew alphabet: Here is a small sample: [Search: Jeho*].
I'm not a Jehovah's Witness or even a Christian, but as a child I was made to memorize "Our Father in heaven, hallowed be you Name..." (Matt 6:9) and even I know what that means. GabrielVelasquez (talk) 20:20, 11 January 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Translation of biblical Hebrew proper names into English:

Examples of English Bible translations of the Hebrew letter 'yod' as "J" rather than the "Y":
Jacob, Japheth, Jerico, Jesse, Joshua, Jethro, Jezebel, Jordan, Josiah, Judah, Jerusalem, Jeho, Jehoshaphat, Jeremiah, Job etc!
Different langauges have different pronunciations for foreign proper nouns. The Dutch Nayderland becomes The Netherlands, La Fransay becomes France, Espanya becomes Spain etc . So, returning to the differences of opinion regarding the 'proper' pronounciation of Bible names, let's consider the more widely known name "Jesus", a Jew living in Israel. How was 'Jesus' pronounced in Bible times? We don't know, but if we can draw any clue from modern day Hebrew, it certainly wouldn't have been Jesus!
And when the accounts of Jesus' life were written in the Greek language, the inspired writers did not try to preserve the original Hebrew pronunciation. They rendered the name in Greek, I·e·sous′. Now, in the wider world, it is rendered differently according to the language of the reader of the Bible. Spanish Bible readers encounter Jesús (pronounced Hes·soos′). Italians spell it Gesù (pronounced Djay·zoo′). And Germans spell it Jesus (pronounced Yay′soos).
Similarly, the rendering of the divine name differs from country to country. Some modern scholars and translators prefer the form Yahweh. Is it, then, wrong to use a form like Yahweh? Not at all. But the form Jehovah is a more familiar form in the English language. It is in English Bibles, it is used in this way in English hymns, poetry and literature, and it has also been “naturalized” in a similar form into most other languages. --Lepton6 (talk) 15:07, 11 February 2008 (UTC)

On the other hand there's IsIAH, ConIAH, HezekIAH, etc. all of which use "IA" not "JE". Really, the significance of English translation only comes into play when you take a fair sample. Clinkophonist (talk) 20:08, 24 February 2008 (UTC)

To expand and provide more comprehensive examples regarding customary English versions of Hebrew Bible names:-

  • If the first Hebrew letter of the name is the yud/yod/yohdh, then it seems that that letter is often translated as a 'J', followed by a vowel. This is true of such names as in Japheth, Jacob, Jerusalem, Joshua, etc. The are over 170 Hebrew bible names which are translated this way. Writing those names with an initial J is current English usage, in the Bible, literature, the media and in Encyclopedias. It is pronounced the same way as the J in the English word 'jam', i.e. pronounced like the soft 'g' in Germany/gerund/etc.
  • In some Hebrew names, such as Ishbosheth (as it is written at 2 Samuel 2:12 in English), the initial Hebrew letter in the Hebrew word is actually an aleph, followed by a yud/yod/yohdh, but traditionally this name has been written as Ishbosheth.
  • The English spelling 'Ezekiel' is another way that a Hebrew name beginning with a yud/yod/yohdh has traditionally been translated into English. This time the yud/yod/yohdh is rendered as an 'eh'.
  • However, when the yud/yod/yohdh is in final positions or before consonants it is traditionally translated into an 'i', (See Hebrew Alphabet) e.g. Hophni, Gerizim, Goliath, Isaac, Isaiah, Issacher, Ishmael, Israel etc . There are about 50 Hebrew Bible names with this construction that are translated into English this way.
  • Additionally, the contruction to which Clinkophonist particulary refers, when the yud/jod/johdh appears in the middle or at or near the end of the word, we commonly see it translated as having a 'y' sound, such as Hallelujah (as written in Hebrew text at Psalm 104:35 and in 23 other places in the Hebrew scriptures), which is often pronounced as 'a-lay-lew-yah. The last syllable of Isaiah ('I-zay-yuh') would be another good example.
  • Interestingly the biblically abbreviated name 'Jah' (e.g. in Psalm 68:4 (KJV) and 25 other places in the Hebrew scriptures) also starts with a yud/yod/yohdh. In this case it is followed by the Hebrew letter 'heh'. The name Jah is well known in the English speaking world.

However, I am not aware of any Hebrew Scripture proper name that starts, in the Hebrew, with a yud/yod/yohdh, that is translated in the KJV to an English version of that name but that begins with a 'Y' in the English text. But, as always, I may be wrong! --Lepton6 (talk) 23:01, 16 May 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Allah, what?!

I looked that the article on Allah and it is just as I thought, it's the arabic word for God. So according to the fact that this is an article about the hebrew NAME of God, I deleted the changes adding Allah.GabrielVelasquez (talk) 06:45, 22 January 2008 (UTC)

Is it so surprising that a reader looking at this article may wish to look up Allah or God subsequently. These are related topics and I have put them back in the very inoccuous position "see also". What possible harm can there be in that? Abtract (talk) 09:02, 22 January 2008 (UTC)
You are the one who started with the deleting. "Iah disambiguous" has nothing to do with this article, and you deleted the prefex search on "Jeho," "iah," and "ijah" which are all Theophoric names. Those have more relevance than Allah in this case. It says right at the top of the article "This article is about reading of the name of God... .in Hebrew scripture" and what does the Arabic word for God have to do with that?? - GabrielVelasquez (talk) 05:19, 23 January 2008 (UTC)

[edit] RfC: Can we get consensus on the "See Also" to avert vandalism?

The diff is here [2] that shows that this user is insistant on placing "Allah" near the top of the list
and keeping the list short, to the point of violating the 3RR.
GabrielVelasquez (talk) 19:53, 4 February 2008 (UTC)



can we get consensus on the "See Also" to avert vandalism?
The section immediately above covers the requests content in more detail.
GabrielVelasquez (talk) 19:56, 4 February 2008 (UTC)

I'm responding to the RfC on this,
I'd suggest keeping the list at the long length but doing it in alphabetical order. Any other order will result in a thirty years war you don't want.--Mantanmoreland (talk) 23:49, 10 February 2008 (UTC)


Specifically, Allah is "al"+"Ilah", the Arabic for "the God", and "Ilah" is a form of "El", the word the bible uses for God. Ie. "Allah" isn't just "God", its the same "God" that the bible has.

However, this article is about one particular transliteration of "YHWH", the name the bible gives to God. When you see "the LORD" in the KJV its usually translating "YHWH", when you see "God" its usually translating "El". "El" can also be a name - a different name to YHWH - but the bible uses it as an improper noun.

"El" is distinct, as a word, from "YHWH", and therefore this article should only cover the latter, ie. it should exclude discussion of "Allah". But, since "El" is closely connected in the Bible to "YHWH", the See Also section should include both El (god) and Allah. The YHWH-related terms should be above the El-related terms, but Allah should be near the top of the El-related terms.

I also want to point out that "Yahweh" is the modern transliteration of "YHWH", and therefore should be the number 1 "see also" link. "Yah" is extremely closely connected to Yahweh - its either a contraction of it, or an earlier form, and therefore should go at number 2. Theophory should go towards the bottom, since Theophory in Yah/Yahweh/Jehovah (eg. Jo-nathan / Nethan-yahu) is not particularly different from theophory in El (eg. Nathan-iel) Clinkophonist (talk) 20:02, 24 February 2008 (UTC)

Seems to me that we can sort alphabetically, or by relevance. Sorting alphabetically has the advantage that it avoids excessive squabbling and scales well, should the list grow. Sorting by relevance may be of some benefit, but if no consensus can be formed then an alphabetical sort may offer more closure. – Luna Santin (talk) 09:18, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Duplication of information!

I note that a duplication of information has arisen:- compare the data in sub-section 1:"Modern usage of the rendering Jehovah" with sub-section 9: "Use of Jehovah in English." The layout therefore appears to be in need of careful editing to rectify the matter. Unfortunately, I cannot readily see a quick yet suitable solution. Can any other editor help and intervene! The integrity of the article is at stake! Many thanks. --Lepton6 (talk) 15:50, 11 February 2008 (UTC)

[edit] NWT 'Divine Name' quote

Pasting large chunks of material is "NOT ENCYCLOPEDIC". Referencing yes, but not whole pages cut-and-pasted. I have moved the NWT quote here for preservation.
—Preceding unsigned comment added by Editor2020 (talk • contribs) 20:20, 31 January 2008 (UTC)

I consider this vandalism,
but I'll play along considering you probably have not read all of this:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Quotation_templates
and once I've gotten through it all your playing around will probably have to be undone.
GabrielVelasquez (talk) 00:09, 7 February 2008 (UTC)


{{helpme}}
I'm having trouble finding if there is a limit of size on Wikipedia for BlockQuotes?
(amend) and if the above removal should be condsidered vandalism if there is not a limit?
GabrielVelasquez (talk) 00:18, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

No, there is no size limit. Hope that helps, Master of Puppets Call me MoP!☺ 00:20, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

No that doesn't quite cover it completely, are you saying this action above is vandalism?? GabrielVelasquez (talk)

Sorry? What above removal are you referring to, if I may ask? Cheers, Master of Puppets Call me MoP!☺ 00:29, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

This whole section above and below the request for help is what I am refering to, but if you need the exact diff here is is: diff.

Hi there! Chances are, most "large quote" pastings are copyright infringements and should not be added to wikipedia. However, there is no policy on the usage of the blockqutoe template. Take a look at Wikipedia:Spotting possible copyright violations. The information may need to be rephrased, but addition of information is never considered unconstructive and, thus, not Vandalism. Best regards! --omtay38 02:40, 7 February 2008 (UTC)
Using a blockquote to quote an entire appendix, entered as an entire subsection of an article on Wikipedia is almost certainly still a copyright violation. Unless there is no other way to convey the same message, there is no valid reason for using the entire passage. The information should be summarised, and simply provide a reference to the source material.--Jeffro77 (talk) 12:34, 9 February 2008 (UTC)
The Divine Name in the Hebrew Scriptures: Heb., הוהי (YHWH) (quoted from NWT, Appendix 1A)
—

“Jehovah” (Heb., הוהי, YHWH), God’s personal name, first occurs in Ge 2:4. The divine name is a verb, the causative form, the imperfect state, of the Hebrew verb הוה (ha·wah′, “to become”). Therefore, the divine name means “He Causes to Become.” This reveals Jehovah as the One who, with progressive action, causes himself to become the Fulfiller of promises, the One who always brings his purposes to realization. See Ge 2:4 ftn, “Jehovah”; Compare Ex 3:14 ftn.

The greatest indignity that modern translators render to the Divine Author of the Holy Scriptures is the removal or the concealing of his peculiar personal name. Actually his name occurs in the Hebrew text 6,828 times as הוהי (YHWH or JHVH), generally referred to as the Tetragrammaton (literally meaning “having four letters”). By using the name “Jehovah,” we have held closely to the original-language texts and have not followed the practice of substituting titles such as “Lord,” “the Lord,” “Adonai” or “God” for the divine name, the Tetragrammaton.

Today, apart from a few fragments of the early Greek Septuagint where the sacred name is preserved in Hebrew, only the Hebrew text has retained this most important name in its original form of four letters, הוהי (YHWH), the exact pronunciation of which has not been preserved. Current circulating texts of the Greek Septuagint (LXX), Syriac Peshitta (Sy) and Latin Vulgate (Vg) substitute the mere title “Lord” for God’s unique name.

The text located in the U.S.S.R., namely, the Codex Leningrad B 19A, used for Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS), vowel-points the Tetragrammaton to read Yehwah′, Yehwih′ and a number of times Yeho·wah′, as in Ge 3:14. The edition of the Hebrew text by Ginsburg (Gins.) vowel-points YHWH to read Yeho·wah′. While many translators favor the pronunciation “Yahweh,” the New World Translation continues to use the form “Jehovah” because of people’s familiarity with it for centuries. Moreover, it preserves, equally with other forms, the four letters of the divine name, YHWH or JHVH.—See ad under “Jehovah.”

The practice of substituting titles for the divine name that developed among the Jews was applied in later copies of the Greek Septuagint, the Latin Vulgate, and many other translations, ancient and modern. Therefore, A Greek-English Lexicon, by Liddell and Scott (LS), p. 1013, states: “ὁ Κύριος,=Hebr. Yahweh, LXX Ge. 11.5, al.” Also, the Greek Lexicon of the Roman and Byzantine Periods, by E. A. Sophocles, Cambridge, U.S.A., and Leipzig, 1914, p. 699, says under κύριος (Ky′ri·os): “Lord, the representative of הוהי. Sept. passim [scattered throughout].” Moreover, Dictionnaire de la Bible, by F. Vigouroux, Paris, 1926, col. 223, says that “the Septuagint and the Vulgate contain Κύριος and Dominus, ‘Lord,’ where the original contains Jehovah.” Regarding the divine name, A Compendious Syriac Dictionary, edited by J. Payne Smith, Oxford, 1979 reprint, p. 298, says that Mar·ya’ “in the [Syriac] Peshita Version of the O. T. represents the Tetragrammaton.”

Jehovah’s name was first restored to the English Bible by William Tyndale. In 1530 he published a translation of the first five books of the Bible into English. He included Jehovah’s name once, in Ex 6:3. In a note in this edition Tyndale wrote: “Iehovah is God’s name . . . Moreover, as oft as thou seist LORD in great letters (except there be any error in the printing) it is in Hebrew Iehovah.” From this the practice arose among translators to use Jehovah’s name in just a few places, but to write “LORD” or “GOD” in most places where the Tetragrammaton occurs in Hebrew. This practice was adopted by the translators of the King James Version in 1611, where Jehovah’s name occurs only four times, namely, in Ex 6:3; Ps 83:18; Isa 12:2; 26:4.

Further, Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament, Vol. 1, Chicago (1980), p. 13, says: “To avoid the risk of taking God’s name (YHWH) in vain, devout Jews began to substitute the word ’adōnā(y) for the proper name itself. Although the Masoretes left the four original consonants in the text, they added the vowels ē (in place of a for other reasons) and ā to remind the reader to pronounce ’adōnā(y) regardless of the consonants. This feature occurs more than six thousand times in the Hebrew Bible. Most translations use all capital letters to make the title ‘LORD.’ Exceptions are the ASV [American Standard Version] and New World Translation which use ‘Jehovah,’ Amplified [Bible] which uses ‘Lord,’ and JB [The Jerusalem Bible] which uses ‘Yahweh.’ . . . In those places where ’adōnā(y) yhwh occurs the latter word is pointed with the vowels from ’ēlōhim, and the English renderings such as ‘Lord GOD’ arose (e.g. Amos 7:1).”

DIVINE NAME IN THE HEBREW SCRIPTURES (NW)

The very frequency of the appearance of the name attests its importance to the writers of the Hebrew Scrptures. The Tetragrammaton occurs 6,828 times in the Hebrew text (BHK and BHS). This is confirmed by the Theologisches Handwörterbuch zum Alten Testament, Vol. I, edited by E. Jenni and C. Westermann, 3rd ed., Munich and Zurich, 1978, cols. 703, 704. The New World Translation renders the Tetragrammaton as “Jehovah” in all occurrences except Jg 19:18, where see ftn.

Based on the readings in LXX, we have restored the Tetragrammaton in three places and rendered it as “Jehovah,” namely, in De 30:16; 2Sa 15:20 and 2Ch 3:1, where the footnotes in BHK give הוהי.

According to BHK and BHS footnotes, in Isa 34:16 and Zec 6:8 the divine name should be read instead of the first-person singular pronoun “my.” We restored the divine name in these two places and rendered it as “Jehovah.”

The name “Jehovah” occurs 6,973 times in the text of the Hebrew Scriptures of the New World Translation, including three combination names (Ge 22:14; Ex 17:15; Jg 6:24) and six occurrences in the superscriptions of the Psalms (7; 18 [3 times]; 36; 102). These nine occurrences are included in the 6,828 times in BHK and BHS.

THE SHORTER FORM OF THE DIVINE NAME: JAH

The shorter form of the divine name occurs 50 times in the Masoretic text as Yah, rendered “Jah.” Following is a list of its occurrences: Ex 15:2; 17:16; Ps 68:4, 18; 77:11; 89:8; 94:7, 12; 102:18; 104:35; 105:45; 106:1, 48; 111:1; 112:1; 113:1, 9; 115:17, 18, 18; 116:19; 117:2; 118:5, 5, 14, 17, 18, 19; 122:4; 130:3; 135:1, 3, 4, 21; 146:1, 10; 147:1, 20; 148:1, 14; 149:1, 9; 150:1, 6, 6; Ca 8:6; Isa 12:2; 26:4; 38:11, 11.

[edit] Inherent Conflict: What about splitting this article into two?

There is an inherent conflict of interest involved here in keeping this article as a part of the JW Project. Wikipedia should be about what is true and accurate, and despite what the Witnesses passionately believe, no serious student of Hebrew thinks that the divine name was ever vocalized as Jehovah. The Q're Perpetuum is well known and is included, usually in the first chapter, of every Hebrew grammar I have ever seen.

As it is currently written (29 Feb 2008 14:31 EST) the first section of this article has many misleading, inaccurate and downright false allegations in it.

1) It is *not* the most frequent vocalization as vocalized by the Masoretes. They, knowing Hebrew, and knowing that one never pronounced the divine name, and seeing the impossible pointing, would have used the accepted circumlocution of Adonai. No Masoretic Jew would have ever uttered "Jehovah."

2) As far as I can tell, serious scholars *are* in agreement as to the slight differences in the pointing between Jehovah and Adonai. It's explained well later in the article in the section on Kethib and Q're Perpetuum.

3) Referring to Strong's 1890 concordance is hardly buttressing the use of Jehovah by modern scholarship.

4) The reference to Webster's is extremely misleading. What it actually says is

Jehovah and Yahweh are the two most common ways to transliterate the personal name of God in the Tanach (Hebrew Bible, Old Testament). This proper name for God is rendered as LORD or GOD (in small capitals to distinguish it from Adonai, another word translated as "Lord") in most modern translations of the Bible. Most scholars believe "Yahweh" to be most near the original pronunciation, but "Jehovah" is still more commonly used today.

Also problematic is that Webster's Online Dictionary cites Wikipedia as the source for this, so it is hardly an independent reference.

5) The reference to the Catholic Encyclopedia is, again, misleading. The edition cited (published in 15 volumes between 1907 and 1912) and largely available online, has been superseded by many more modern works that draw on modern scholarship, particularly after the encouragement of serious Catholic scripture scholarship after Vatican II. No serious modern Catholic scripture scholar would agree with the assertion, without serious qualifications, that Jehovah is the name of God. See for example, The New Catholic Encyclopedia.

6) There are also misleading references to Brown-Driver Briggs, throughout the article which, as a work of serious non-fundamentalist scholarship, is clearly aware of the Q're Perpetuum and does not intend to support the "Jehovah" transliteration.

I had more than 24 semester hours of theology at Xavier University in Cincinnati, including numerous courses on Old Testament. I also took some courses in Hebrew from the Athenaeum in Cincinnati. One of my professors was the first Roman Catholic nun to get a doctorate in scripture from Hebrew University. At neither of these Catholic institutions did I ever hear the name Jehovah except as an example of bad scholarship.

There are many other examples in this current article which I think is a mess.

I don't want to deprive the Witnesses of an opportunity to state what they believe, but it should be clearly labeled as such. What do the folks behind the JW project think about splitting off the sections which give their point of view and calling the second article "Jehovah: What Jehovah's Witnesses Believe." They could express their own viewpoint as freely as they wish then. I know this is a POV fork, but I see no way to achieve consensus because the underlying premises are so different. If you accept Jehovah as the name of God as a matter of faith, no amount of scholarly argument can possibly be convincing.

JohnGHissong (talk) 20:36, 29 February 2008 (UTC)

[edit] The neutrality of this article is disputed

The following statement can be found on the first page of the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah:

The neutrality of this article is disputed.
Please see the discussion on the talk page.(April 2008)
Please do not remove this message until the dispute is resolved.

Seeker02421 (talk) 12:16, 10 April 2008 (UTC)

As I stated the other day with the POV tag. This page states many unimporant facts and omits important facts. For example here StAnselm (talk) who made a number of POV undos of my referenced material in the lead claims יְהֹוָה refers "Jehovah."
Those vowels are for the vocalisation "Adonai" (Lord) for the that Jews substitute for saying the Tetragrammaton aloud. It is was only this misunderstanding that lead people to use them with the Tetragrammaton to read it as Jehovah.
I do not have time to overhaul this whole article but this basic information seems to be missing from it.--Carlaude (talk) 14:16, 10 April 2008 (UTC)
OK, I need some help here. I can't revert Carlaude's edit under WP:3RR. יְהֹוָה does indeed tranliterate - it is the Tetragrammaton plus the vowels e-o-a, which yields "Jehovah". Even the addition of those vowel points is misguided, the transliteration is not. Finally, in any case this is not what the cited reference is talking about, so I was correct to revert Carlaude's edit. Thus, it was unfair for him to claim that this was a WP:POV edit. StAnselm (talk) 21:27, 10 April 2008 (UTC)
See also our discussions: User_talk:Carlaude#Jehovah and User_talk:StAnselm#Jehovah_.2F_Yahweh. "...those vowels are for the vocalisation "Adonai" (Lord) for the that Jews substitute for saying the Tetragrammaton aloud. It is was only this misunderstanding that lead people to use them with the Tetragrammaton to read it as Jehovah." See also --Carlaude (talk) 15:18, 11 April 2008 (UTC)
For the record, I indicated on Carlaude's talk page that this article refers to יְהֹוָה, which is the Tetragrammaton with a particular vocalisation, in this case, one that gives "Jehovah". I also asked him he would transliterate יְהֹוָה if he thought "Jehovah" was a misguided transliteration. StAnselm (talk) 14:10, 14 April 2008 (UTC)
See Qere and ketiv. The vocalisation belongs to a different set of consonants, not the consonants of the Tetragrammaton. Reading the Tetragrammaton with this vocalisation is a mistake. The vocalisation is there as an indication that the word "Adonai" is what should be spoken. Jheald (talk) 15:14, 14 April 2008 (UTC)
Right - but the point here is whether we can say the transliteration is misguided. That is, do you mean that it's a mistake to use יְהֹוָה as the Divine Name, OR do you mean that it's a mistake to say that the origin of the name "Jehovah" is through an attempt to pronounce יְהֹוָה? I labelled the adjective "misguided" as dubious, not because Jehovah is a valid pronunciation of the Divine Name, but because as a transliteration, it merely indicates how יְהֹוָה winds up being pronounced, if you don't know the secret about these vowel signs. StAnselm (talk) 05:30, 16 April 2008 (UTC)


Maybe we should use Wikipedia terminology to discuss this issue.
It was definitely the "point of view" of the editors of the Encyclopedia Britannica of 1911 that it was a "blunder" by early Christian Scholars to pronounce יְהֹוָה as Jehovah (a.k.a Iehouah a.k.a. Iehovah-KJV]
The editors of the Encyclopedia Britannica of 1911 wrote:
JEHOVAH (Yahweh) in the Bible, the God of Israel. "Jehovah" is a modern mispronunciation of the Hebrew name, resulting from combining the consonants of that name, Jhvh, with the vowels of the word ădōnāy, "Lord," which the Jews substituted for the proper name in reading the scriptures. In such cases of substitution the vowels of the word which is to be read are written in the Hebrew text with the consonants of the word which is not to be read. The consonants of the word to he substituted are ordinarily written in the margin; but inasmuch as "Adonay" was regularly read instead of the ineffable name Jhvh, it was deemed unnecessary to note the fact at every occurrence.
When Christian scholars began to study the Old Testament in Hebrew, if they were ignorant of this general rule or regarded the substitution as a piece of Jewish superstition, reading what actually stood in the text, they would inevitably pronounce the name Jěhōvāh.
It is an unprofitable inquiry who first made this blunder; probably many fell into it independently.
The statement still commonly repeated that it originated with Petrus Galatinus (1518) is erroneous; "Jehova" occurs in manuscripts at least as early as the I4th century.
I wonder if the moderators of Wikipedia might believe that the 1911 Encyclopedia Article:Jehovah, shown above, might need to be written over in a more NPOV manner.
Seeker02421 (talk) 11:47, 16 April 2008 (UTC)


Adon (אֲדוֹן) is the Hebrew word for lord. Adoni is the possessive form of the same word, and means "my lord". Jews do not, ever, include vowel marks with YHVH (יהוה), neither is the name pronounced. Since this article is written from a Christian point of view, the same rules do not necessarily apply....but it would be helpful to have a few words that make clear the difference. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 15:34, 14 April 2008 (UTC)

It would be more accurate to say this article is written from one particular (non-Jewish/ Christian) point of view. While the errors were made and carried on by Christians, many Christians are already are fully aware for the errors in this article. There is nothing particularly Christian about its view. --Carlaude (talk) 16:24, 14 April 2008 (UTC)
Not quite correct. See eg, the ten commandments in the Hebrew Bible, here. Copies of the scriptures not for ritual use, eg the early handwritten Masoretic codexes, or printed copies of the Hebrew Bible; or printed prayer books, all include vowel points with the Tetragrammaton. A torah scroll will not include vowel marks with YHVH, but only it does not include any vowel points at all. Jheald (talk) 16:02, 14 April 2008 (UTC)
Wrong. Jewish sources never include the vowel marks for YHVH. (There are many sites on the web that claim to be Jewish that are not -- frequently the efforts of missionaries trying to convert Jews). Even if there were Jews who wanted to include the vowel marks, since no one knows the pronunciation no one knows what the vowel marks would be either. Even writing the word without the vowel marks on paper is rather restricted, and usually would be written with dashes separating the letters (י-ה-ו-ה). Malcolm Schosha (talk) 16:44, 14 April 2008 (UTC)
So you call the Aleppo Codex not a Jewish source? Nor the BL codex [3] ? (Ten commandments again, note eg line 2 of the central column) Nor the JPS? Nor the Singer Siddur? Please...
The relevant point is that the vocalisation which is written with the Tetragrammaton is not intended as the vocalisation for the Tetragrammaton. Rather, as Carlaude has indicated, it is used to indicate the word which should be spoken instead of the name of God.
What I said is correct according current usage that is taught by the rabbis [4]. It is not my personal POV, nor have I made it up. If you read a little about the subject from reliable Jewish sources you will see. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 17:52, 14 April 2008 (UTC)
I don't see anything on the page you've linked about never including the vowel marks for the Tetragrammaton. Rather, it says that you don't try to pronounce the Tetragrammaton as written -- just as Carlaude and I said above. Indeed, that very site is the one hosting the electronic version of the JPS bible I linked above -- with vowel points. Jheald (talk) 18:05, 14 April 2008 (UTC)
It says a little more than that. I have no wish to get involved in editing this article, but just responded to a question....which I have done to the best of my ability. I have noticed that this article is a part of JWProject, and I assume that it presents that Christian teaching. Whatever the case, the source should be made clear. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 18:51, 14 April 2008 (UTC)
I don't know what you mean by "presents that Christian teaching". The article needs to be neutral of course - it should say why JWs use "Jehovah", and the reasons for and against that. StAnselm (talk) 22:36, 14 April 2008 (UTC)
My own concern is that if this article is part of WikiProject Jehovah's Witnesses that the introduction should be written to make that clear. An article should be balanced, but not to the extent that it sounds like politically correct nonsense (for instance, like this [5]); and the Jehovah's Witnesses should be allowed to say what they have to say on the subject of Jehovah without -- for instance -- every agnostic, and atheist objection given complete exposition, or all the objections of Neopagans may have to monotheism, because those views can be fully discussed in their own articles. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 23:28, 14 April 2008 (UTC)

The early edits of this Wikipedia Article:Jehovah tried to deal with the early transliterations of the Hebrew spelling יְהֹוָה which occurs 6518 times in the Ben Chayyim Hebrew Text of 1525 A.D.
This Article started out presenting a Protestant Christian view of the name "Jehovah". Thus the article notes that Tyndale believed that God's name was actualy "Iehouah", when he wrote his Pentateuch.

However very quickly this article notes that "Iehouah" [aka Iehovah and "Jehovah"] was being critiqued by John Drusius in 1604. John Drusius wrote that neither "Iehouah" or the form of YHWH which had the precise same vowel points as "Elohiym" represented God's actual name. So the article starts out noting how early "Jehovah" was being critiqued.

And this article notes that there were 3 men who supported the name "Jehovah" in the 17th century, as well as 5 men who opposed the name "Jehovah" in the 17th century.

This same article notes that a major controversy existed in the 17th century concerning the name "Jehovah"

This article notes how so many scholars believe that the vowel points of "Jehovah" are not the actual vowel points of God's name.

Under the direction of a Wikipedia Moderator, attempts were made to limit any mention of the name "Yahweh" in this article, since "Yahweh" had it's own separate article.

This was successful at first, but somewhat less successful as time went on.

Jehovah's Witnesses do not appear to have made too many edits in this article. Generally speaking this article presents the name Jehovah as it is believed by Southern Baptists in the USA, and by KJVO Christians all over the world.

The Jehovah's Witnesses view the name "Jehovah" differently.

Seeker02421 (talk) 00:38, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

Yes, Wikipedia articles seem to undergo a process of continual change. I think that an explanation of the the article's Christian orientation in the introduction would help in avoiding misunderstanding or accusations of misrepresentation. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 00:52, 15 April 2008 (UTC)
Articles shouldn't have "orientations". All articles should aim to be NPOV. There is no place for POV forks on Wikipedia.
This isn't a "Christian" article or a "JW" article (though as their tags indicate, those projects may have a strong interest in this article). Rather, this is a Wikipedia article. Jheald (talk) 10:43, 15 April 2008 (UTC)
Again-- many "Southern Baptists in the USA" are already are fully aware for the errors in this article. There is nothing particularly Southern Baptist about its view and the Southern Baptist Convention has no position on this. I certainly hope you don't think that the Southern Baptist Convention is even mostly KJVO. KJVO baptists would be find the SBC a bit liberal. You must be thinking of fundamentalist baptist or Independent Baptist. --Carlaude (talk) 16:24, 14 April 2008 (UTC)

FYI: KJVO = King-James-Only Movement. 75.0.9.209 (talk) 08:45, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

Articles always have an orientation or focus. If you think this particular does not, you are deluding yourself. Or, for example, the article on Exodus, which focuses on the biblical story, without any even mentioning the lack of archaeological support for the story of Exodus. That information is in another article: The Bible Unearthed. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 11:49, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

The editors of "Wikipedia:Describing Points of View" write:

Hard facts are really rare.
What we most commonly encounter are opinions from people (POVs).
Inherently, because of this, most articles on Wikipedia are full of POVs.
An article which clearly, accurately, and fairly describes all the major points of view will, by definition, be in accordance with Wikpedia's NPOV policy.

Since the neutrality of the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah is being disputed, a question that the editors of the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah need to answer is:

"Does the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah fairly describes all the major points of view

Seeker02421 (talk) 12:18, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] theName is not pronounced

  • I have copied this from talk:WikiProject Judaism for discussion here.

This is a paragraph from the introduction of the article:

Following long-standing tradition, in modern Jewish culture the Tetragrammaton is not pronounced, instead the above vocalization indicates to the reverent Jewish reader that the term Adonai is to be used. In places where the preceding or following word already is Adonai, the alternative term vocalized for the Tetragrammaton is differently indicated by the vocalization markings, indicating that the reading Elohim is to be used. Details of these vocalization markings differ between the various extant manuscripts of the Hebrew Bible.

Is this correct? I am not frum, and may not understand tradition correctly. But it is my understanding that if the text is to be read Elohim, then Elohim is written; and if Y-H-V-H is written there would be a silent space in the reading, or it would be replaced with Adonai. It is also my understanding that vowel marks are not used for Y-H-V-H in Torah scrolls.

This article should be read through by someone knowledgeable, and if necessary corrected, to make sure (at minimum) it does not represent Judaism. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 11:46, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

See eg Deuteronomy 3:24, Deuteronomy 9:26 (second instance), Judges 16:28 (second instance), Genesis 15:2 for examples where the Tetragrammaton is written with a vocalisation indicating that Elohim (rather than Adonai) should be read.
In each case, this avoids reading "Adonai Adonai" ("Lord Lord"). Jheald (talk) 12:33, 16 April 2008 (UTC)
Yes, looking in my Stone Edition Chumash, I see that Bereishit (genesis) 15.2 haShem has vowel marks. But I also see that the following use of haShem does not. The article gives the incorrect impression that Y-H-V-H always has vowel marks, when in fact it is extremely rare.
In fact, at the top of the article's introduction, there is this statement:

This article is about reading of the name of God in Hebrew scripture. For other renderings of the name, see Tetragrammaton. For the deity of monotheistic religions, see God. For other uses of Jehovah, see Jehovah (disambiguation). See also: Yahweh

The subject is "Hebrew scripture", but discussed in a way that is (according to my understanding) unacceptable to Jews.
I am going to copy this to the article's talk page so that it can be discussed there also. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 13:32, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

NB: A serious problem this article is that it discusses Jewish tradition from a Christian POV; and that is done without explanation that the POV is Christian, and that it contradicts Jewish belief. If that problem is not be corrected, nomination for deletion might be justified. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 14:44, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

I think most (but not all) of the article could or should be deleted, but if anyone is able rewrite it better please go ahead. --Carlaude (talk) 14:49, 16 April 2008 (UTC)


I certainly would have no problem with Jewish editors adding their POV on this issue, from a Wikipedia "Neutral Point Of View. Why doesn't some Jewish editor add a new secction to the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah. That seems to be the way that different POV's are usually added to a Wikipedia Article, in a neutral point of view" manner.
I certainly don't think that this Article should be deleted, because of how it is presently written. There seem to be other options to deal with this issue, before the deletion option is considered.
I will try to determine who the Wikipedia Moderator was, who was very much involved with this article, about 12 months ago.
Seeker02421 (talk) 15:29, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

See Wikipedia:Content forking. This article seems to be a content fork from the Yahweh article. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 16:03, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

This article received Wikipedia's "seal of approval" about 12 months ago, when Wikipedia Articles: "Jehovah" and "Yahweh" and "Tetragrammaton" were all analyzed and changes were made while one or more Wikipedia Moderators looked on!
Content forking issues were dealt with about 12 months ago!
The Wikipedia Article:Yahweh was approved at the same time!
However it is obvious that, in April, 2008, this Article is presently being being disputed on more than one issue!
Seeker02421 (talk) 16:26, 16 April 2008 (UTC)
Stay calm. Nothing is about to go off the edge of the cliff. Disputes over article content are rather common, and usually the problems are resolved....as long as everyone is acting in good faith, which I am sure is so here. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 16:49, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] References

I just took a look at this article's reference list. It is not as good as might be hoped, and does not seem to give the article strong scholarly support. For instance #4 is a link to a forum with a statement by someone called Peter Kirk. But, after doing some searching on Google, I can not find anything to indicate Peter Kirk's qualifications, or if he has published in scholarly journals on this subject. Or, in #5, two sources are shown next to eachother, but there is no way to know what either source is -- or what they prove. etc... Malcolm Schosha (talk) 19:15, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

Malcolm,
Most editors are limited to posting material that is in the public domain. Encyclopedia's written in the early 1900's or previously can be freely quoted in Wikipedia's Articles, because they are in the public domain.
If you have access to late "copyrighted" information on the Jehovah issue, and you have permission from the author to post it, Wikpedia allows you to post that information.
However posting copyrighted material, without the authors approval is not allowed on Wikipedia, as far I know. Some editors may post copyrighted material, but it is contrary to Wikipedia Rules.
And of course "Original Research" is not allowed on "Wikipedia",
but it is allowed on Wikinfo.
Are you ready to start making the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah a more accurate Article AND a more "Neutral Point of View" Article?
If you are, why don't you start editing the Article?
Seeker02421 (talk) 16:31, 17 April 2008 (UTC)
You are not limited to using material that is out of copyright. Any book, journal, or site can be paraphrased or summarized and the source (with book page number and ISBN number, journal issue no. and page no., or site URL) given as a reference [[6]]. Of course, you can not copy a page out of a copyrighted book and paste it into a Wikipedia article, but (as I said), paraphrasing and summarizing -- with sourcing -- is okay. So go ahead and use the best sources you can find. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 17:56, 17 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Yahweh

I still have no idea why this article exists as a separate article from the Yahweh article. If this article is nothing but a content fork from the Yahweh article, this article should be nominated for deletion. Am I missing something? Could someone please explain to me why this article and the Yahweh article need to exist as separate articles instead of being merged? Malcolm Schosha (talk) 00:34, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

You're missing what went on about a year ago. The Wikipedia Article Tetragrammaton and possibly a Yahweh Article that included Jehovah information existed at that time.
Try looking in the history of the "Jehovah" article and the "Yahweh" article.
I believe that an attempt was made to eliminate the possibility of there being a Jehovah Article at that time, but the final decision was to eliminate the "Tetragrammaton" Article, and to create a separate "Jehovah" Article, and a separate "Yahweh" article.
Anthony Appleyard wrote a new "Yahweh" Article plus a new "Jehovah" article, under the watchful eyes of one or more Wikipedia moderators.
You might try posting a comment to: [7]
Maybe it is time for Wikipedia Moderators to re-examine this situation!!!!!!
Seeker02421 (talk) 01:32, 18 April 2008 (UTC)
You keep on mentioning these Wikipedia Moderators! Who are these mysterious people? It's just us, my friend. StAnselm (talk) 03:19, 18 April 2008 (UTC)
I think it is obvious that, by "moderators", he means "administrators". Malcolm Schosha (talk) 11:30, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

The following text can be found in the "Redirecting Tetragrammaton to Yahweh" section of Talk Wikipedia Article:Yahweh: It was written by Richard on 16:51, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

At the time I thought that Richard was a moderator. Maybe he wasn't.

>>>>
User:Anthony Appleyard redirected Tetragrammaton here because he has merged all of the content in Tetragrammaton here. Now, I personally don't have an ax to grind on this issue but I'm concerned that those who do will object to having Tetragrammaton redirect to Yahweh.
It is for this reason that I would have preferred that Anthony discuss his plans before embarking on this heroic effort of merging the content forks. (which I much applaud since I wouldn't have had the knowledge or interest to accomplish)
I think a more neutral stance would be to have Jehovah and Yahweh merged into Tetragrammaton. Among other issues, if there is no Tetragrammaton article, how do we link to Greek transcriptions of the Tetragrammaton?
I don't object to there being separate articles on Jehovah and Yahweh but since these are both English transcriptions/pronounciations of the Tetragrammaton, I think we should keep the Tetragrammaton article even if it doesn't discuss Jehovah or Yahweh in much detail.
--Richard 16:51, 5 May 2007 (UTC)
>>>>

Of course ultimately the Wikipedia Article:Tetragrammaton ended up being deleted.

Seeker02421 (talk) 11:08, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

  • I still do not understand what intent differentiates this article from the Yahweh article. To me it appears that they are discussing the same thing. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 11:43, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

I put a request for editorial assistance on this question here [8]. The editor who fielded it apparently agreed with me and redirected the article, but without mentioning it here on the talk page. If other editors disagree with the redirect, it can be undone here [9]. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 13:24, 18 April 2008 (UTC)


Fleetflame's redirect has gone in effect [at least partially].
What are your present plans?
Are you now going to delete the Wikipedia Article: Jehovah and start anew by editing the present Wikipedia Article:Yahweh, which appears to have the same issues that you did not approve of in this Article?
Seeker02421 (talk) 13:46, 18 April 2008 (UTC)
The redirect can be reverted if you feel it is unjustified. But, to paraphrase the first question from the Passover seder [10], in what way does this article differ from the Yahweh article? So far I have not gotten an answer to that question, and the main differences I see is that it is not written as well, and is less neutral. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 14:03, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

Malcolm,

You wrote:

>>>

the main differences I see is that it is not written as well, and is less neutral.

>>>

Malcolm,

Wikipedia gives you every oportunity to edit this Article, so that it is just as neutral and well written as the Wikipedia Article:Yahweh.

I assume you are aware that this article has been nominated for deletion,

Are you willing to fight for your right to continue improving the neutrality of this article, by continuing to edit this article.

OR

Do you yourself feel that the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah should be deleted, even though you yourself are aware of how easy it is to correct a neutrality problem.

Seeker02421 (talk) 14:57, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

I've nominated this content fork for deletion. --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 14:20, 18 April 2008 (UTC)


Malcomb,
You asked:
>>>
in what way does this article differ from the Yahweh article?
So far I have not gotten an answer to that question,
and the main differences.
>>>
Malcomb
Jehovah is a Biblical Hebrew name (i.e. יְהֹוָה),
that occurs 6518 times
in the underlying Hebrew
of the Old Testament of the King James Bible
Yahweh (i.e. יַהְוֶה),
is a "Hebrew punctuation" proposed by the Hebrew scholar Gesenius
in about 1815 A.D.
יַהְוֶה occurs ZERO times
in any Hebrew texts, but many scholarly sources,
possibly even the Jewish Encyclopedia,
believe it is likely to represent the actual pronunciation of God's Name.
These two Articles are lightening rods for controversy
when treated individually
These two Articles are lightening rods for controversy
when attempts are made to merge them into one article.
In the case of Jehovah, editors are trying to make the case that:
God's name is actually יְהֹוָה (i.e. Jehovah),
while probably every Hebrew scholar in the world is telling them
that:
יְהֹוָה (i.e. Jehovah), is a Hybrid name that means nothing.
In the case of "Yahweh", editors are trying to make the case
that God's name is actually Yahweh (i.e. יַהְוֶה),
even though יַהְוֶה is found in no extant Hebrew text on :the planet earth.
To add to the problem it appears at least possible
that theophoric names with "Yeho" prefixes
[e.g. "Yehonathan"]
may not be able to be derived from "Yahweh",
while they can be derived from "Yehovah"
Seeker02421 (talk) 00:25, 19 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Anyone Know if this is the 2nd nomination?

I suspect so, and if do we just have to mark it as such in the AfD tag at the top of the page.--Carlaude (talk) 15:04, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Introduction

There is currently an editorial dispute concerning the neutrality of the introduction to the article. One version is:

Jehovah is an English transliteration of יְהֹוָה, the Tetragrammaton YHWH with the vowel pointing of the word "Adonai". According to long-standing Jewish tradition, YHWH (יהוה) is not pronounced.

The other proposed version is:

Jehovah is a Christian transliteration into English of יְהֹוָה, which is the most sacred Hebrew language name for God. According to long-standing Jewish tradition, YHWH (יהוה) is not pronounced.

Rather engaging in an edit war, I think it would be better to discuss, and resolve the issues here before returning the paragraph to the article. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 23:56, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

Great. Now the article doesn't have an introduction. Let's resolve this soon. It's a transliteration, for goodness' sake. There's nothing Christian about it. The name is used by both Christians and non-Christians. And saying "most sacred" is hardly POV. I really don't know what you're going on about. I really want to work on this article, but I'm waiting for the issues be be resolved, because I don't want all my edits reverted. StAnselm (talk) 00:04, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
It is Christian. This article gives Christian views that are contrary to established Jewish theology. The Christians have a right to interpret Jewish religious texts as thay wish, but it needs to be clear that this entire article is Christian theology about Jewish religious texts, and that the Jews and Christians are not necessarily in agreement on the subject of this article. I have no interest in involving myself in the rest of the article, which gives the views of Christian theologians. I think one sentence that makes clear that this article is about what Christians think, and that these views do not necessarily reflect Jewish views, is minimally necessary for fairness, and for neutrality. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 00:31, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
No way! Large chunks of the Jewish Encyclopedia have been added. It can give Christian views, but the article needs to be neutral. There is no place on Wikipedia for either "Jewish" articles or "Christian" articles. We certainly should be clear that Jews reject both the possibility and the desirability of pronouncing the Divine Name. We need to be clear as to why the pronuncation "Jehovah" as been rejected on linguistic grounds. We need to describe how the name "Jehovah" has been used by Christians. But all these things must be presented from a neutral point of view. StAnselm (talk) 00:40, 19 April 2008 (UTC)

Well, there is the problem. In my view you are claiming something for this article that is unfounded. The article is about an aspect of Christian theology. There is no way around that. You may believe that the article represents both Christian and Jewish thinking, but it does not. As far as established Jewish theology is concerned, Y-H-V-H is not pronounced. An article about how it is pronounced, is by its nature not Jewish. As I said there is nothing wrong with an article that discusses Christian views on the subject, but there is something wrong in saying that it represents also Jewish views. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 00:57, 19 April 2008 (UTC)

The article is not about an aspect of Christian theology. It is about a liguistic (mis)understanding by some Christians and non-Christians. It has no theological basis and is never covered, for example, in a (Christian) theology textbooks, nor covered in theology courses. It would cease to be any issue if-- for example-- all English speakers began using other langages, langages without a word with like Jehovah.
I am not sure what you even mean by "[In] established Jewish theology... Y-H-V-H is not pronounced." since it seems dubious no matter how I try to understand it. Current Jewish ethics is that it is not pronounced, but it was pronounced (sometimes) when the temple was standing. If you mean that it cannot be pronounced-- that is a belief-- but does not seem to be a theological belief unless you believe God was involed in the pronounation being lost. Even in this case it cannot be said to be "established Jewish" belief since the Jewish Encyclopedia states the pronounation was never lost.--Carlaude (talk) 06:14, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
_____________________________________________________________
Just Some Thoughts
http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?letter=J&artid=206
The above URL takes you to the Article Jehovah
found in the Jewish Encyclopedia of 1901-1906.
Concerning the name Jehovah,
The first sentence of the Article provides a definition of "Jehovah"
that possibly could be used in the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah


>>>
A mispronunciation
(introduced by Christian theologians,
but almost entirely disregarded by the Jews)
of the Hebrew "Yhwh," the (ineffable) name of God
(the Tetragrammaton or "Shem ha-Meforash").
>>>

Right there is a Jewish POV of the name "Jehovah",
but it doesn't really say anything about the vowel point issue found in Jehovah.

However the editors of the Jewish Encyclopedia do recognize the Hebrew vocalization of Jehovah
that is being discussed in this Wikipedia article.

There is some common ground.

The editors of the Jewish Encyclopedia, seem to see no problem in discussing vowel points in the first paragraphs.

Apparently Jewish persons who read the Jewish Encyclopedia, have enough knowledge of Biblical Hebrew to understand the explanations found in this Article.

Of course that may not be true as far as the average person who reads the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah.

Just Some Thoughts

Seeker02421 (talk) 01:47, 19 April 2008 (UTC)


  • What I am trying to make clear is that religious Jews do not engage in speculation over how Y-H-V-H is pronounced. It was Christians, not Jews, that used the name "Jehovah", and other variations. I think a statement to that effect belongs in the introduction, and do not understand the resistance to putting such a statement there. What is the problem? If, for some reason, my wording of this is offensive to other editors, then feel free to suggest an alternative. But please remember, "Jehovah" -- the name of this article -- is not Jewish; but, rather, is a Christian name for God. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 12:32, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
Malcolm's points seem reasonable to me - the separate existence of this article is surely only justifiable if it is indeed the/a Christian view or history of of an originally Jewish topic, where the other article represents the Jewish tradition/topic. Johnbod (talk) 13:41, 19 April 2008 (UTC)

Hi Malcolm.

You made the following edit to the introduction.

Revision as of 23:37, 18 April 2008 (edit) (undo)Malcolm Schosha (Talk | contribs) (changed intro to more balanced and neutral version)Newer edit →
>>>
Jehovah is a Christian transliteration into English of יְהֹוָה,
which is the most sacred Hebrew language name for God.
According to long-standing Jewish tradition,
YHWH (יהוה) is not pronounced.
>>>>

I can only assume that you did not mean to imply that:

יְהֹוָה, is the most sacred Hebrew language name for God.

Yet that is how I read your Introduction.


Did you mean to write that:

the "unvocalized" Tetragrammaton (i.e. יהוה)
is the most sacred Hebrew language name for God.


The Wikipedia Article:Jehovah is an article about יְהֹוָה,
which is a specific vocalized rendering of the unvocalized Tetragrammaton (i.e. יהוה).


Do you equate יְהֹוָה and יהוה )
or do you see them as distinct?

Seeker02421 (talk) 13:56, 19 April 2008 (UTC)

This is not a discussion forum. I am just trying to get the introduction to the article into acceptable shape. I just did some re-writing on the part of the introduction still in the article, to make it point easier to understand. If that change is okay with other editors, I have no objection to returning StAnselm's preferred version of the first two sentences, and I will also remove the tagg I added to the article. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 14:21, 19 April 2008 (UTC)

StAnselm, why did you add the citation tag to that? All I tried to do in that edit was add some explanation to make an unreadable paragraph readable. The phrase that you tagged was there before my first edit to this article, and is not my doing:

Jehovah is an English transliteration of יְהֹוָה, which occurs 6518 times in the Ben Chayyim Hebrew Text of 1525 A.D., which underlies the Old Testament of the King James Bible. According to many scholars Jehovah (a.k.a. Iehouah and Iehovah) is a pseudo-Hebrew form, which was mistakenly created when Medieval and/or Renaissance Christian scholars misunderstood the common Qere perpetuum of the partial vowel points of Adonai, written together with the consonants of the Tetragrammaton YHWH (in order to indicate that written YHWH should be pronounced aloud as "Adonai", as was the usual Jewish practice at the time of the Masoretes).[1]

I have italicized the part, already in the earlier version, that you tagged. Why was it okay before and bad now? Malcolm Schosha (talk) 15:44, 19 April 2008 (UTC)

Well, I thought we agreed that it wasn't OK before. The article has had problems for quite a while. Hey - we need these citations! Please don't remove the tags willy-nilly. Of course, Qere and Ketiv is completely unreferenced as well. For example, who are the "many scholars"? StAnselm (talk) 21:21, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
Yes, please undo what you did. The intro of this article has never been in so bad a shape before. What should the intro say? Jehova is the name some (many) people use as the name of their god. That is the importance of this name today. Next after that is the question about the origin of this name. Well, it was an English reading of the vocalized tetragrammaton by people unacquainted with Jewish tradition. Your complaint that "Jewish tradition is discussed exclusively from a Christian POV" is entirely misguided. This is not about יהוה or Yahweh, but about Jehovah, a name Jews would never use, and also unusual among Christians in many countries, but traditional in English.213.84.53.62 (talk) 15:28, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
If you are unhappy with the edit, improve it. But don't blame this mess on me. This was, and remains, one of the most poorly written articles I have seen. It comes close to being unintelligible. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 15:44, 19 April 2008 (UTC)
I do want to add that your making this article even more POV than it was when I started editing is a serious mistake. Please think for a while before you do that. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 15:56, 19 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] I appear to have made the Introduction worse

After Malcolm added the tag that said:

>>>
The topic of dispute is that Jewish tradition
is discussed exclusively from a Christian POV.
>>>

I made the revision below:

>>>

Revision as of 18:18, 16 April 2008 (edit) (undo) Seeker02421 (Talk | contribs) (Hopefully this new edit of the Introduction will resolve some of the issues that have been made against this article. More editing of the introduction will be necessary.)

>>>

Apparently my revision did not live up to my stated hope above!

The revision I added included the 3 sentences that presently seem to be causing so many problems!

The sentences I added are shown below:

>>>
According to many scholars, Jehovah is a pseudo-Hebrew form, which was mistakenly created by Medieval and/or Renaissance Christian scholars.[citation needed]
The mistake resulted from a misunderstanding of how Hebrew was read according to traditional Jewish practice.[citation needed]
The error was caused by a misreading of the common Qere perpetuum of the partial vowel points which indicated that the name was to be pronounced "Adonai". written together with the consonants of the Tetragrammaton YHWH which indicate that written YHWH should be pronounced aloud as "Adonai", according to the usual Jewish practice at the time of the Masoretes).[1]
>>>

The material I added was cut and pasted from another Wikipedia Article, and further edited, but it appears that I made a poor choice.

Maybe we can start over again

Maybe Malcolm, starting from scratch, would like to write a new Introduction to the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah from a Jewish Point Of view.

Meanwhile, I will go back to the drawing board myself, and re-evaluate what is allready available in the Jewish Encyclopedia.

Seeker02421 (talk) 23:30, 19 April 2008 (UTC)

________________________________________________

I have added the first sentence from the Jewish Encyclopedia Article:JEHOVAH into the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah.

The Introduction to the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah now reads:

>>>
JEHOVAH is a mispronunciation (introduced by Christian theologians, but almost entirely disregarded by the Jews) of the Hebrew "Yhwh," the (ineffable) name of God (the Tetragrammaton or "Shem ha-Meforash").
>>>

Section #1 still contains the remainder of the text from the first paragraph of the Jewish Encyclopedia Article:Jehovah.

The Introduction and the first section can be easily merged, by removing the "==" marks.

For the moment I am leaving the Article as it is.

Anyone should feel free to edit the Introduction of Artcle, or to edit any other part of the Article, as far as I am concerned.

I assume that Malcolm will make the final decision as to when and if this article is finally ready to meet some type of test.

Seeker02421 (talk) 00:24, 20 April 2008 (UTC)

Obviously in this situation, an intro from the Jewish Encyclopedia would be inappropriately POV. I'll have some time in a few days to do a complete rewrite, and we'll see how it stands up to criticism. I'm also gathering some scholarly citations. StAnselm (talk) 04:11, 20 April 2008 (UTC)


I have made another attempt at writing a NPOV Introduction to the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah
Seeker02421 (talk) 09:22, 20 April 2008 (UTC)
As have I. Look, this is really tough. Please persevere at this, and we'll get there in the end. StAnselm (talk) 10:24, 20 April 2008 (UTC)
Once again I have made an attempt at writing a NPOV Introduction. Hopefully Malcolm will offer some input on what he would like the Introduction to look like.
Seeker02421 (talk) 12:25, 20 April 2008 (UTC)


StAnselm,I have merged your last edit of the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah, with my last edit.

I put the Introduction back into your hands to do with as you wish. [e.g. edit or delete and start all over.]

I will sit back and watch, although if you decide to keep my edits,
I will provide the missing verification of text that I have added.

It appears that ultimately the Introduction,
and possibly the entire artcle,
will have to be approved by Malcolm,
before any tags can be removed.

Seeker02421 (talk) 15:30, 20 April 2008 (UTC)

I do not have more authority over this article than any Wikipedia editor. I put the tag on the article in the hope that pointing out a problem in strong terms would result in an effort to improve the article. There are two other tags that are not my doing. The tag for the AfD was put there by an administrator who is also a member of the Arbitration Committee, but any editor can initiate an AfD. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 17:17, 20 April 2008 (UTC)


Hi Malcolm
While you may not have any more authority over this article than any other Wikipedia editor, you probably have a greater understanding of what a Wikipedia Artcle;Jehovah looks like, that discusses Jehovah from a Christian point of view, rather than from a Jewish point of view.
In many cases the evidence against Jehovah found in the Jewish Encyclopedia, looks very much like the evidence against Jehovah found in the Catholic Encyclopedia.
However I am beginning to feel that the evidence found in the Jewish Encyclopedia probably makes a stronger case against the name "Jehovah" because it is the Masoretes who added the points to YHWH, and the Masoetes who were themselves Jews.
The Jewish people do seem to have more more authority in this issue, in that it is the Masoretes that pointed YHWH as they did
I would truely like you to correct some portions of this article,
where you would like to see something discussed from a Jewish
POV, that is presently being discussed from a Christian POV.
And then, if after you make the correction, you could come back to this TALK section, and explain just what you had done, that had made this into a better article, or possibly into a more neutral article, from your point of view.
Seeker02421 (talk) 18:10, 20 April 2008 (UTC)

Seeker, resolving the problem that my tag points to, will not do much good if no one who reads the article can actually understand it.

Perhaps part of that problem is that most people who will come to read the article are likely to understanding "Jehovah" as a name referring to God. But the article does not discuss that. Instead it launches into a rather detailed discussion of the different possible ways of pronouncing Y-H-V-H (although the Jews -- who's text it is all based on -- do not pronounce it), and without explaining that, and also assuming that readers understand something about Hebrew and the use of vowel points in Hebrew (which few will understand without a good background explanation). Malcolm Schosha (talk) 19:12, 20 April 2008 (UTC)

Yes, for that reason, I got rid of יְהֹוָה from the introductory sentence. Seeker, I really think you added things back to the introduction that belong in the main body of the article. Like the reference to the Jewish and Catholic encyclopedias. Introductions need to be short and to the point.
And yes, anyone can remove tags. People have been constantly removing the ones I've placed there. StAnselm (talk) 22:35, 20 April 2008 (UTC)
StAnselm
You wrote:
>>>
The name "Jehovah" is honored as the actual name of God by Jehovah's Witnesses.
>>>
I don't believe that is a true statement.
I don't have the link, but I believe that the Watchtower Society
acknowledges "up front" that "Jehovah" has the vowel points of Adonay.
Seeker02421 (talk) 23:55, 20 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Going around in circles

There have been an awful lot of edits made to the introduction now, but it doesn't look like we're agreed as to what should be there. Any thoughts? How about we all read WP:LEAD to refresh our minds as to what's required in a lead section. Then we talk about the essential points that need to be in it, and what should be left to another section. Because the article is steadily getting worse, if that's possible. StAnselm (talk) 14:07, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

StAnslm
Below is the Introduction of the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah,
as it looked early this morning, before I made any edits.
Except for the {{Fact}} tag that Malcolm added,
this introduction had been previously approved by you.
However Malcolm did not think that this Introduction was acceptable, at least not to him,
He wrote:
used by exactly who?
if it is not in current usage,
this information may not belong in the intro.
No, Seeker - is was certainly not "approved" by me - what gave you that idea? StAnselm (talk) 22:21, 21 April 2008 (UTC)
The sentence that Malcolm added a request for citation tag to
was definitely a sentence that I had written:
Jehovah [a.k.a. Iehouah and "Iehovah" [citation needed]] is an English name for God which was first used after the Protestant Reformation
Seeker02421 (talk) 10:23, 22 April 2008 (UTC) [The above edit was not signed till after it was posted]
I think that the issue of there being three different English transliterations of יְהֹוָה,
[e.g. transliterations which were written in three different time periods],
needs to be addressed somwhere in this Article,
but not necessarily in the Introduction.
Seeker02421 (talk) 10:23, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

Jehovah [a.k.a. Iehouah and "Iehovah" [citation needed]] is an English name for God which was first used after the Protestant Reformation.[2]

Jehovah is an attempt to pronounce יְהֹוָה, a vocalized Hebrew form of יהוה the Tetragrammaton. יְהֹוָה was formed when the Masoretes added the vowel pointing of Adonai to the consonants of YHWH, thus creating a "hybrid form".[3] The name Jehovah was seriously critiqued by John Drusius in 1604 A.D.[4] and has since been regarded by both Jews and Christians as a mispronunciation,[5] Despite this, it has found a place in Christian liturgy and theology. It is the regular English rendition of יהוה in the American Standard Version,[6] and occurs four times in the King James Version. [7] It is also used in Christian hymns such as "Guide Me, O Thou Great Jehovah".[8]

The name "Jehovah" is used as the name of God by Jehovah's Witnesses.


I will take a look at Wikipedia Article:Lead Section
Seeker02421 (talk)

[edit] Starting again

At this stage, if things do not improve within the next three days, I intend to blank the page and start the article again. That will be 04:00, 25 April, UTC. StAnselm (talk) 14:12, 21 April 2008 (UTC)


StAnselm,
Editing of this article is approved,
during the time that this article is being considered for deletion.
However the blanking of this article is not approved
during the time that this article is being considered for deletion.
See the text of the deletion tag below:
This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedia's deletion policy.
Please share your thoughts on the matter at this article's entry on the Articles for deletion page.
Feel free to edit the article, but the article must not be blanked, and this notice must not be removed, until the discussion is closed. For more information, particularly on merging or moving the article during the discussion, read the guide to deletion.
I hope to reply to you first post in the next few minutes.
Seeker02421 (talk) 14:34, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

"04:00, 25 April"?! What's the rush? Even if the AfD succeeds, and the article is deleted, it can still be recreated. I understand that this editing process has been frustrating, and I regret that I may have contributed to the sense of pressure, but there is no reason to think that this process can not work out well. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 15:28, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Explanation of the decision to not delete the Article:Jehovah

An explanation of the decision to not delete the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah can be found on Skomorokh's Talk Page, in the "Jehovah" section:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Skomorokh Seeker02421 (talk) 09:57, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Can the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica Article:Jehovah help us?

What can we learn from the first few sentences of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica Article:Jehovah.

Do any editors here want the Wikipedia Article"Jehovah" to resemble this text?
Do we want to use this text as the Introduction of the Wikipedia Article?
This text is in the Public Domain and can be freely copied.

This text explains the issue concerning the name "Jehovah" without using any Hebrew Text.
Is that good?
Are many of the complaints against the Wikipedia Article:Jehovah the result of the use of Hebrew font?

_____________________________________________________________________________________ JEHOVAH (Yahweh), in the Bible, the God of Israel. "Jehovah" is a modern mispronunciation of the Hebrew name, resulting from combining the consonants of that name, Jhvh, with the vowels of the word ădōnāy, "Lord," which the Jews substituted for the proper name in reading the scriptures.

In such cases of substitution the vowels of the word which is to be read are written in the Hebrew text with the consonants of the word which is not to be read. The consonants of the word to he substituted are ordinarily written in the margin; but inasmuch as "Adonay" was regularly read instead of the ineffable name Jhvh, it was deemed unnecessary to note the fact at every occurrence.

When Christian scholars began to study the Old Testament in Hebrew, if they were ignorant of this general rule or regarded the substitution as a piece of Jewish superstition, reading what actually stood in the text, they would inevitably pronounce the name Jěhōvāh.

It is an unprofitable inquiry who first made this blunder; probably many fell into it independently. The statement still commonly repeated that it originated with Petrus Galatinus (1518) is erroneous; "Jehova" occurs in manuscripts at least as early as the I4th century.

The form Jehovah was used in the 16th century by many authors, both Catholic and Protestant, and in the 17th was zealously defended by Fuller, Gataker, Leusden and others, against the criticisms of such scholars as Drusius, Cappellus and the elder Buxtorf.

It appeared in the English Bible in Tyndale's translation of the Pentateuch (1530), and is found in all English Protestant versions of the 16th century except that of Coverdale (535). In the Authorized Version of 1611 it occurs in Exod. vi. 3; Ps. lxxxiii. 15; Isa. xii., xxvi. 4, beside the compound names Jehovah-jireh, Jehovah-nissi, Jehovah-shalom; elsewhere, in accordance with the usage of the ancient versions, Jhvh is represented by lord (distinguished by capitals from the title "Lord," Heb. adonay).

In the Revised Version of 1885, Jehovah is retained in the places in which it stood in the A. V., and is introduced also in Exod. vi. 2, 6, 7, 8; Ps. lxviii. 20; Isa. xlix. 14; Jer. xvi. 21; Hab. iii. 19. The American committee which cooperated in the revision desired to employ the name Jehovah wherever Jhvh occurs in the original, and editions embodying their preferences are printed accordingly.

Seeker02421 (talk) 19:43, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Intro today

Looking what has happened recently I see that Malcolm removed his tag - good - Jehovah is not a subject that belongs to Jewish tradition. But people are struggling in strange, unencyclopedic ways. I read in some version: "Hebrew scholars believe that". That is not the scholarly way to put such things. The author of this article should talk with authority.

Right now it says: "Jehovah is an English name for God which was used at Exodus 6:3 in a 1761 Edition of the King James Bible." On the one hand there is a discrepancy between the 1761 in the text and the 1671 under the image. On the other hand, this sounds like Jehovah is a historical topic, which it certainly isn't. Not: was used centuries ago, but is used today. (Things already improve by just starting a new sentence: ... for God. It was used ...)

Also: for some "God" is very well-defined. But an encyclopedia is not religious, and plain "God" cannot be used. Some epithet is needed. (The God of the Bible, the God of Israel, ...)213.84.53.62 (talk) 00:05, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

Yes, to put it bluntly, Seeker changed it and introduced a number of errors. It was I who inserted the unadorned "God", though, and I take your point. I was trying to be as neutral as possible, and I still can't see a better option. "Biblical God," maybe. But I can see what will happen. People will see "name of the biblical God," and mis-read it as "biblical name for God" and argue that it's not really biblical, and the whole process will begin again. StAnselm (talk) 00:24, 22 April 2008 (UTC)
I have corrected my "1761 date" error in the present Introduction.
Seeker02421 (talk) 10:31, 22 April 2008 (UTC)
Wonderful work from User:Jheald. Four thoughts arising from it:
1. I think we should summarise the JW quote (it can appear in full later in the article).
2. It may still be inaccessible for someone who doesn't know any Hebrew.
3. The last paragraph needs to referenced or cut, of course. But it's probably such a minority opinion that it doesn't deserve a place in the intro, and thus should appear later in the article.
4. Looking ahead, I was thinking we could rewrite the rest of the article under four headings: i) Linguistics, ii) History, iii) Usage, iv) Criticism. StAnselm (talk) 13:05, 22 April 2008 (UTC)
Actually, I'll keep on going:
5. Of course, "generally agreed" needs to go per WP:AWW.
6. The sentence "Early English translators, unacquainted with Jewish tradition, read this word as they would any other word..." needs a citation. The idea has appeared in the article before, but was never substantiated. StAnselm (talk) 13:10, 22 April 2008 (UTC)
With regard to the JW quote, I'd prefer to keep it as it is. I think it's nicely written, and gives a good nutshell sense of why many people (not just JWs) might be happy to use "Jehovah" in their worship, regardless of whatever might or might not have been an ancient Hebrew pronounciation.
I also think, stylistically, the change of voice and change of pace works quite well as a transition to ending the section.
With regard to the "minority opinion" coda, I think (per WP:NPOV) it is useful to have a mention of this in the lead if it's going to be examined further down in the article; and also it should take away any contentiousness from the rest of the lead. In terms of references, AFAICS it's merely summarising material considered in more detail further down the article. But any additional direct reference(s) to RSs setting out this POV would of course be good. Jheald (talk) 14:04, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Can this Article be accurate without using יְהֹוָה in the Introduction?

Can this Article be accurate without using יְהֹוָה in the Introduction?

The issues about the three different English transliterations of יְהֹוָה
[i.e.Iehouah,1530 A.D. and Iehovah,1611 A.D. and Jehovah,1671 A.D.]
found in early English Christian Bibles,
are all based on one misconception:

Early English translators of the Ben Chayyim Hebrew Text, mistakenly believed that יְהֹוָה was "a Hebrew name that was preserved in Hebrew Scriptures "that were given by inspiration of God."

The Jewish point of view of this issue appears to be that יְהֹוָה was not given by inspiration of God. and that יְהֹוָה most definitely does not represent the correct Hebrew spelling of the name of the God of Israel!

It seems to me that יְהֹוָה most defintely does need to be discussed in the Introduction of this Artcle, as well as in the Body of the Article.

The entire controversy about "Jehovah" is based on what appears to be a false belief by early Christian translators that יְהֹוָה "was given by inspiration of God".

Seeker02421 (talk)


The following text is found
In the Wikipedia Article:Lead section:,
The first paragraph needs to unambiguously define the topic for the reader.
It should establish the context in which the topic is being considered,
by supplying the set of circumstances or facts that surround it. For example:
snip/snip
The first paragraph should begin with a straightforward, declarative sentence.
Readers knowing nothing at all about the article's subject
should immediately find the answer to
'What is it?'
or
'Who is he/she?'.
Seeker02421 (talk) 12:45, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Intro today (2)

OK - the somewhat silly Afd expired, and Jheald greatly improved the intro. Good. I removed the POV tag: if I understand correctly it was added by Carlaude who gave as main motivation that the interpretation of the vocalization (namely as Adonai, rather than as vowels belonging to YHWH) was insufficiently discussed. Today there is some clear discussion of this. 213.84.53.62 (talk) 14:56, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

[edit] lead sentence

The lead sentence

Jehovah is an English reading of יְהֹוָה, the most frequent form of the Tetragrammaton יהוה, the name of God in the Hebrew Bible, in the text with vowel points handed down by the Masoretes.

is unreadable. Try to remember that there will be people reading this article who do not know Hebrew, much less what a vowel point is. It would be nice if such readers could have at the first a sentence that is understandable, rather than an exercise in postmodernist incomprehensibility. (For the postmodernist generator see [11]) Malcolm Schosha (talk) 19:44, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

Hmm. Maybe I cannot judge, since I read Hebrew. On the other hand, I am assuming that so do you.
If one doesn't know what יהוה is, this is explained immediately: the name of God in the Hebrew Bible.
If one doesn't know what יְהֹוָה is, this is explained immediately: a vocalized form of the previous.
If one needs further explanation, very extensive explanations are given farther down in the article.
But be this as it may, if you think you can say things more clearly, in a way that is both correct and easier to understand, please go ahead: anyone can edit Wikipedia. 213.84.53.62 (talk) 16:21, 28 April 2008 (UTC)
Editing this article is something I am not inclined to try again....unless I return the tag that I took off a few days ago. If you think my observation about the lead sentence is wrong, as well it may be, I am sure you will ignore it. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 17:45, 28 April 2008 (UTC)

___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Below are two lead sentences
that might be a starting point for a new Introduction:


Ex 6.3 displaying Jehovah in 1671 KJV
Ex 6.3 displaying Jehovah in 1671 KJV

Jehovah is an English translation of the Tetragrammaton (i.e. the Hebrew name of the God of Israel), which is found at Exodus 6:3 in a 1671 edition of the King James Bible [see image to the right].

Although Jehovah is a direct phonetic transliteration of a specific vocalization of the Tetragrammaton, that occurs 6518 times in the Masoretic text that underlies the Old Testament of the King James Bible, the English name Jehovah is arguably believed to be a mispronunciation of the name of the God of Israel.

According to a long Jewish Tradition, add new text etc., etc.

Seeker02421 (talk) 01:24, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

Well, the reference to the picture is rather silly - "Jehovah" was used in English Bibles long before 1671. StAnselm (talk) 03:17, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

Hi StAnselm,

Since there are 3 different English translations of the specific vocalization of the tetragrammaton that is found 6518 times in the Ben Chayyim Hebrew text of 1525 A.D. I will start again, and try to explain,in the lead sentences, the other two English translations that were written in 1530 A.D. and 1611 A.D., long before "Jehovah" was written for the first time in about 1671 A.D. :

_____________________________________________________________________________________


Ex 6.3 displaying Jehovah in 1671 KJV
Ex 6.3 displaying Jehovah in 1671 KJV

Jehovah is an English translation of the Tetragrammaton (i.e. the Hebrew name of the God of Israel), which is found at Exodus 6:3 in a 1671 A.D. edition of the King James Bible [see image to the right].

It should be noted that in the King James Bible of 1611 A.D. the English spelling "Iehovah" was used, and in William Tyndale's Pentateuch of 1530 A.D., the English spelling "Iehouah" was used. All three of these English translation were accurate in the first year they were written, as the English language was in a state of flux during the period 1530 A.D. through 1671 A.D. and even later.

Although Jehovah is a direct phonetic transliteration of a specific vocalization of the Tetragrammaton, that occurs 6518 times in the Masoretic text that underlies the Old Testament of the King James Bible, the English name Jehovah is arguably believed to be a mispronunciation of the name of the God of Israel. The same is true for the earlier English translations "Iehouah" and "Iehovah"

By long tradition, in modern Jewish culture the Tetragrammaton is not pronounced. Instead when the reverent Jewish reader observes the above mentioned vocalization of the Tetragrammaton, he or she substitutes the Hebrew word Adonai.

In places where Adonai already immediately follows or immediately precedes the Tetragrammaton Elohim is substituted. In this instance the Tetragrammaon is voacalized differently.

It is generally agreed therefore, in line with Jewish teaching, that "Jehovah" is a translation of "hybrid" Hebrew spelling of the name of the God of Israel. The "hybrid" spelling of the name of the God of Israel was created when the Masoretes added the vowel pointing of Adonai to the consonants of YHWH.

Early English translators, unacquainted with Jewish tradition, read this "Hybrid" word as they would any other Hebrew word, and transliterated it (in very few places, namely those where the Name itself was referred to) into the English language of that day. [e.g. Iehouah in 1530 A.D.; Iehovah in 1611 A.D.; Jehovah in 1671 A.D.] Seeker02421 (talk) 01:24, 29 April 2008 (UTC)


Seeker, I've reverted your edit because IMO it made the page a lot *less* readable. Jheald (talk) 11:46, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
In more detail: the lead is already long, and before adding anything else, IMO we should think really hard as to whether it is actually really useful in the lead, or whether it is detail that can be left to the main body of the article. Frankly the difference between Iehovah, Iehouah and Jehovah is detail -- just a matter of the typography being used. IMO, it may have a place lower down the article, but in the lead it only serves to get in the way of the main story.
(2) "which is found at Exodus 6:3 in a 1671 A.D. edition of the King James Bible" This is completely gratuitous, unnecessary text given that the information can already be found in the image caption.
(3) The apparently randomly floating left margin. Not good.
(4) Removal of the Hebrew. I think this is a big mistake. Given that the article goes on to discuss in some detail the detailed consonants and vowel points, I think it's useful to show what they look like - useful even (maybe especially) to people who don't read Hebrew. All the discussion about the "Tetragrammaton" is much clearer and more concrete if we show that it means four Hebrew letters, and what they look like. Jheald (talk) 11:55, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

__________ Hi Jheald,

The edit below was written before you edited your previous edit.

Certainly any Wikipedia editor has a right to edit or revert previous edits.

However this article has just been through a "Nomination for Deletetion" where it can be observed that some editors who added comments noted that "readability" was an issue, AT THAT TIME.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Jehovah

Malcolm has complained about the previous unreadability of this article. Malcolm specifically complains about the use of Hebrew font in the previous Introductions. Malcolm notes that the average reader, who has no knowledge of Hebrew, would be unlikely to understand this article as previously written with Hebrew Font.

In my opinion, due to previous complaints I have heard about this article, not only should an attempt be made to eliminate all Hebrew Font from the Introduction, but section #1 and section #2 should both be moved to the end of the article, where readers with knowledge of Hebrew would still have easy access to them, but the average reader would not be confused by the Hebrew Font used.

The Jewish Encylopedia clearly explains the Jewish viewpoint on יְהֹוָה but the average Wikipedia reader does not understand what the editors of the Jewish Encyclopedia are writing.

Seeker02421 (talk) 12:28, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

I think Malcolm's complaint is more directed at the sentence structure of the first sentence, than its content. I don't think he's calling for the Hebrew to be removed, and I don't think anybody else is either. And I repeat, that IMO removing the Hebrew letters makes the article harder to interpret, not easier. Jheald (talk) 12:44, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
Hi Jheald,
You wrote:
And I repeat, that IMO removing the Hebrew letters makes the article harder to interpret, not easier.
I FULLY AGREE, BUT I DO NOT THINK THAT MALCOLM WILL ALLOW AN INTRODUCTION WITH HEBREW FONT IN IT TO STAND!!!!!
If Malcolm will agree to an Introduction with Hebrew font, I certainy will agree.
Malcolm previously wrote:
Try to remember that there will be people reading this article who do not know Hebrew, much less what a vowel point is. It would be nice if such readers could have at the first a sentence that is understandable, rather than an exercise in postmodernist incomprehensibility. (For the postmodernist generator see [12]) Malcolm Schosha (talk) 19:44, 27 April 2008 (UTC)
However Malcolm also wrote:
If you think my observation about the lead sentence is wrong, as well it may be, I am sure you will ignore it. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 17:45, 28 April 2008 (UTC)
Seeker02421 (talk) 12:55, 29 April 2008 (UTC)


Hi again Jheald,

You previously wrote:

"Frankly the difference between Iehovah, Iehouah and Jehovah is detail -- just a matter of the typography being used. IMO, it may have a place lower down the article, but in the lead it only serves to get in the way of the main story."

Jheald,

I strongly disagree with you.

In my opinion, explaining the source of Iehovah, Iehouah and Jehovah explains more clearly what the so called controversy about the name Jehovah is all about.

The Jewish issue is in effect that the Masoretes not only did not provide early Christian translators with a Hebrew Text that preserved God's Name accurately, but that the Masoretes deliberately printed the Tetragrammaton with the improper vowel points.

When the reader realizes that Iehovah, Iehouah and Jehovah are all considered mispronunciations of the name of the God of Israel according to Jewish tradition, the reader is more likely [in my opinion] to truely understand what the Jehovah controversy is all about.

I believe that the Iehovah, Iehouah and Jehovah information definitely should be explained in the introduction, and that the image of the 1761 edition of the King James Bible helps to more clearly explain the Jehovah controversy.

Seeker02421 (talk) 13:26, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

Actually, nowhere is this Iehovah/Iehouah referenced, so I think you're making all of it up. Indeed, the article contradicts itself on this point:
  • transcribed "Iehouah" (1530 A.D.), "Iehovah" (1611 A.D.), or "Jehovah" (1671 A.D.)
  • William Tyndale, in his 1530 translation of the first five books of the English Bible, at Exodus 6:3 renders the divine name as Iehovah.
StAnselm (talk) 13:42, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
(ec) The image is good. But it has a clear caption, which clearly says what it is, and so doesn't need repeating in the main text.
As for Iehovah, Iehouah and Jehovah, surely this is an unnecessary complication for the lead section. The important story for the the lead is the idea of making the transliteration "Jehovah" at all -- rather than using eg "Adonai" as found in the Vulgate, or "LORD" as found in other translations. "Iehovah" and "Iehouah" are just different typographical conventions of their time for writing the word "Jehovah". That's the kind of unnecessary, complicating detail that can go much further down the article.
Anyhow, let's see what other editors think. Jheald (talk) 13:52, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

Hi StAnselm

You quoted the present Wikipedia Article:Jehovah as saying.

  • William Tyndale, in his 1530 translation of the first five books of the English Bible, at Exodus 6:3 renders the divine name as Iehovah.

StAnselm.

The present Wikipedia Article:Iehovah is incorrect in section #3

"Iehouah" is found in Tyndale's translation of the Pentateuch (Exodus 6.3)

In the 7th paragraph of "Introduction to the Old Testament of the New English Bible", Sir Godfry Driver wrote,

"The Reformers preferred Jehovah, which first appeared as Iehouah in 1530 A.D., in Tyndale's translation of the Pentateuch (Exodus 6.3), from which it passed into other Protestant Bibles."

Seeker02421 (talk) 14:29, 29 April 2008 (UTC)



Hi StAnselm,

The Bible Compared : Exodus. is a 2nd source that verifies that Tyndale wrote "Iehouah" at Exodus 6:3

The Bible Compared : Exodus. is also a source that verifies that "Iehovah" not "Jehovah" is found at Exodus 6:3 in the KJV of 1611.

Seeker02421 (talk) 15:16, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

You'll also find Bibles of this period tend to write eg "Iesus" rather than "Jesus", or often "haue" rather than "have". It doesn't signify anything -- it's just their way of writing the same word. Often the spelling may even vary in the course of a few lines; and may vary quite arbitrarily even at the same verse from one printing to the next. They're just equivalent ways of writing "Jehovah" in the typography of the time.
There's enough of substance to discuss in the opening as it is. This spelling variation is a detail, aptly dealt with (as it is now) in a footnote, or later on. But in the lead it would just be a distraction, as irrelevant as the difference between "haue" rather than "have". Jheald (talk) 15:34, 29 April 2008 (UTC)
There is, unfortunately, a problem with reading "Iehouah" which results from the Helvetica type style used in Wikipedia articles. The problem is that with that particular configuration of following letters, the Helvetica capital "I" reads as a small "l" (that is, a small "l" as in "look"). I don't know of any way to solve the problem, but thought it might be worth pointing it out. Malcolm Schosha (talk) 20:06, 1 May 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Lead sentence/paragrah (2)

If editors wish to make a clear statement in the lead sentence/paragraph that indicates that the form 'Jehovah' is a mispronunciation of a Hebrew word, then to be consistent, similar etymological qualifying comments should be added the lead sentences/paragraphs referring to other Hebrew names such as Jacob, Jesus, Jerusalem, Jeremiah, etc etc which appear in Wiki! It is interesting to note that, to date, not one of those articles says that the English name of the article is actually a mispronunciation of the Hebrew name! How many dictionaries and Encyclopedias in articles about 'Jesus' start by explicitely declaring that the name is actually a mispronunciation of a Jewish word! We all know that the Hebrew and the English alphabets are different from each other, and that there is no direct equivalence between some of the letters. And that every English version (customarily written with a J) of any Hebrew name is 'incorrect' in that it is not the Hebrew pronunciation! If we were Jewish and editing the Hebrew version of Wiki, we might well object to using the English versions of Hebrew names in a Hebrew Wiki. But as this edition of Wikipedia is the English language version, could it be that we simply state the English word 'Jehovah', give its meaning and uses, and show the etymology, as we do with all other words. Any arguments about its 'correct' pronunciation surely (perhaps?) belong to Hebrew linguists discussing/explaining/arguing the matter with/to a Jewish readership! --Lepton6 (talk) 23:51, 16 May 2008 (UTC)

There's a qualitative difference between the two cases - I don't think your comparison bears water.
Sure, there's a difference between Jacob and Ya'akov - but both are direct systematic transliterations of the same consonants and vowels.
On the other hand, with Jehovah, the point is that the consonants are being taken from one Hebrew word, but the vowels are coming from a completely different word altogether. So Jehovah is *not* a systematic transliteration (not even modulo the swapping of Js and Ys) of anything close to how the Name might originally have been pronounced.
I trust you can see the difference. Jheald (talk) 07:15, 17 May 2008 (UTC)
Also, perhaps a more fundamental point is that Jacob is an article about the biblical character. But this article is not about the nature and character of God. As the hatnote explicitly disclaims, that is treated in other articles, elsewhere. Rather, this article is specifically about Jehovah as a word.
You are welcome to propose the article for deletion if you don't think the subject is worthy of discussion; but somehow I don't think that would achieve consensus... -- Jheald (talk) 07:45, 17 May 2008 (UTC)
Jehovah is considered to be a mispronunciation of God's name, because the Jewish people teach that the Hebrew Vowel points from which the letters "e" and "o" and "a" [in Jehovah] have been transliterated are not the actual vowel points of God's name.
Jewish teaching is that the Masoretes pointed "YHWH" with those particular vowel points mentioned in the previous sentence, only to indicate to the Jewish reader that he or she was to read "Adonai"
In spite of the concensus found in Jewish sources concerning the vowel points of יְהֹוָה there are Christians on the planet earth that believe that the vowels of Jehovah are correct.
Seeker02421 (talk) 10:46, 17 May 2008 (UTC)

Thank you enlightening me about the purpose of of article entitled 'Jehovah'. In my ignorance I thought it was about Jehovah! If the article is solely about the etymology and pronunciation of this English word, and the hatnote indicates that this would be so, then perhaps the article should be re-named.

In the article there are many references to the extensive usage of the word 'Jehovah'. However, if the article is only concerned with etymology and pronunciation, then such references would appear to be largely irrelevant here, and should more appropriately be moved elsewhere, perhaps to a Wiki article entitled 'Jehovah'!--Lepton6 (talk) 12:45, 17 May 2008 (UTC)


Lepton6,

The following text is from the introduction of the Article "JEHOVAH (Yahweh) found in the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica:

JEHOVAH (Yahweh), in the Bible, the God of Israel. "Jehovah" is a modern mispronunciation of the Hebrew name, resulting from combining the consonants of that name, Jhvh, with the vowels of the word ădōnāy, "Lord," which the Jews substituted for the proper name in reading the scriptures.
In such cases of substitution the vowels of the word which is to be read are written in the Hebrew text with the consonants of the word which is not to be read. The consonants of the word to he substituted are ordinarily written in the margin; but inasmuch as "Adonay" was regularly read instead of the ineffable name Jhvh, it was deemed unnecessary to note the fact at every occurrence.
When Christian scholars began to study the Old Testament in Hebrew, if they were ignorant of this general rule or regarded the substitution as a piece of Jewish superstition, reading what actually stood in the text, they would inevitably pronounce the name Jěhōvāh.
It is an unprofitable inquiry who first made this blunder; probably many fell into it independently. The statement still commonly repeated that it originated with Petrus Galatinus (1518) is erroneous; "Jehova" occurs in manuscripts at least as early as the I4th century.
The form Jehovah was used in the 16th century by many authors, both Catholic and Protestant, and in the 17th was zealously defended by Fuller, Gataker, Leusden and others, against the criticisms of such scholars as Drusius, Cappellus and the elder Buxtorf.
Snip/snip


Lepton6,

A major controversy surrounds the name "Jehovah". As noted above the editors of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica immediately deal with this controversy in the introduction of their article:JEHOVAH (Yahweh).

The editors of the Jewish encyclopedia of 1901-1906 likewise write about the controversy concerning the name "Jehovah".

Seeker02421 (talk) 17:03, 17 May 2008 (UTC)

An image of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica text can be found here:[13]
Seeker02421 (talk) 17:28, 17 May 2008 (UTC)

[edit] Pronunciation of 'Jesus'

The article says, under 'Modern Usage of the rendering Jehovah':- "Similarly well-established English substitutions for Hebrew personal names include Joshua, Isaiah, Jesus, and others, the precise pronunciations for many of which have also been lost."
Comments:
(i) What relevance is the name Isaiah in this list?
(ii) Every Hebrew proper name that includes the English letter 'J' is 'wrong' if it is considered incorrect to use anything other than the 'original' (Hebrew) spelling and language. The sentence implies that the precise pronunciation of words such as Jesus has been lost. Surely we know how to pronounce Jesus in English! (Other languages vary). Perhaps the paragraph should make reference to the fact that the English J is not the exact equivalent of any Hebrew letter. Furthermore, it is not the 'precise pronunciation' which has been lost, but rather, taking 'Jehovah' as an example, it is the 'original pronunciation' that has been lost!
I think re-edit would improve this part of the article. Any suggestions?--Lepton6 (talk) 08:46, 3 May 2008 (UTC)