Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh

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  ?Jaunpur
Uttar Pradesh • India
Map indicating the location of Jaunpur
Location of Jaunpur
Coordinates: 25°44′N 82°41′E / 25.73, 82.68
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Area
• Elevation
• 82 m (269 ft)
District(s) Jaunpur
Population 168,851 (2001)

Coordinates: 25°44′N 82°41′E / 25.73, 82.68

For other uses, see Jaunpur.

Jaunpur (Hindi: जौनपुर, Urdu: جون پور) is a city and a municipal board in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Jaunpur district is located to the northwest of the district of Varanasi in the eastern part of the North Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. According to the 2001 census, Jaunpur district had a population of 3,911,678, with the urban area having accounting for 168,851 people. Demographically, Jaunpur resembles the rest of the Purvanchal area in which it is located: a primarily rural agricultural population with high illiteracy and low human development index.

Contents

[edit] Overview

Jaunpur's notable history dates from 1388, during which period the Sultan of Delhi Feroz Shah Tughlaq appointed Malik Sarwar, a Eunuch, as the governor of the region. The Sultanate was weakened by the 1398 sacking of Delhi by the Mongols under Timur, and Malik Sarwar then declared independence. He and his adopted son founded what came to be known as the Sharqi dynasty. During the Sharqi period the Jaunpur Sultanate was a strong military power in Northern India, and on several occasions threatened the Delhi Sultanate.

Jaunpur was then a major center of Urdu and Sufi knowledge and culture. The Sharqi dynasty was known for its excellent communal relations between Muslims and Hindus, perhaps stemming from the fact that the Sharqis themselves were originally indigenous converts to Islam, as opposed to descendants of Persians or Afghans. Jaunpur's independence came to an end in 1480, when the city was conquered by Sikander Lodhi, the Sultan of Delhi. The Sharqi kings attempted for several years to retake the city, but ultimately failed.

Although many of the Sharqi monuments were destroyed when the Lodhis took the city, several important mosques remain, most notably the Atala Masjid, Jama Masjid (now known as the Bari (big mosque) Masjid) and the Lal Darwaza Masjid. The Jaunpur mosques display a unique architectural style, combining traditional Hindu and Muslim motifs with purely original elements. The old bridge over the Gomti River in Jaunpur dates from 1564, the era of the Mughal emperor Akbar. The Jaunpur Quilla, a fortress from the Tughlaq era, also remains in ruined form.

Jaunpur district was annexed into British India based on the Permanent settlement of 1779, and thus was subject to the Zamindari system of land revenue collection. During the Revolt of 1857 the Sikh troops in Jaunpur joined the Indian rebels. The district was eventually reconquered for the British by Gurkha troops from Nepal. Jaunpur then became a district administrative center.

Modern Jaunpur district shares the underdevelopment of most of Eastern Uttar Pradesh. There are currently no major industries operating in the city, and traditional industries such as perfume making have become increasingly unviable. Under initiatives of UP government, an Industrial Area has been set up in Sathariya region of the district to promote industrial growth and expansion. Land is being allotted to budding industrialists and government has plans to help people of this region more and more industries.Although with past three years Jaunpur city have noticed a big co-operate presence in financial services as well as in the organized retail sector,and Big leap is accepted to be achieved within few years as the city will emerge as most booming city in this part of India.

Politically, Jaunpur is divided between the Samajwadi Party (SP) which tends to represent the interests of the Backward Castes and the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) which tends to represent the interests of the Scheduled Castes, though other political parties too have a significant presence, and other general castes like Thakurs (Kshatriyas), Brahmins, and to an extent Bhumihars wield significant economic and social influence.

Jaunpur has a very high concentration of colleges as compared to the most other districts in U.P. It has more than 20 undergraduate colleges and 130 colleges up to high-school (twelfth grade - called "Intermediate" in the local system).

The major educational institutions in Jaunpur City are Purvanchal University, located approximately 10km outside the city, Karra College (Shri Ganesh Rai Postgraduate College) (40 km) and Tilak Dhari College (TD College) on the south bank of the Gomti. Byalasi inter college at Jalalpur, 20 km from Jaunpur city, Badlapur (40 km) is another very old and large college. In addition, there is an engineering college affiliated to the Purvanchal University as well. Jai Hind Intercollege Teji bazar was established in 1935 is here .

Shahi Bridge over the Gomti River
Shahi Bridge over the Gomti River

[edit] Political

Jaunpur district has 6 Tahsils. These Tahsils are Shahganj, Badlapur, Machhlishahr, Jaunpur, Mariahu and Kerakat. Jaunpur is the district headquarters. There are five rivers Gomati, Sai, Varuna, Pili and Basuhi which make its land fertile. It is one of the most densely rural district in UP.

The district has 3 Lok Sabha and 10 Vidhan Sabha constituencies.

[edit] Villages

Hilali post kandhi kalaw, Sehmalpur, Bishunpur, Khushalipatti, Chhapramau, Basalatpur, Sirikana, Murkha, Khujji, Bardiha, Umari, Taraon, Dobhi, Amhit, Satmeshra, Koilari, Jaigehan, Pokhra, Kusmhi, Panihar, Senapur, Amiliya, Shahganj, Chitauri, Bithuakala-Badlapur, Saraiharkhu, Kadipur,Kalanpur, Katauna, Kodaila, Ashapur, Semuhi, Rampur, Bharathipur,Nonara(Kaseru)Kamlesh,Baharpur Kalan, Unchgaon, Aruan, Barji, Barai Par, Bharthari, Rayan, Channan, Sherwa, Sujan Ganj, Behara, Deduaana, Barai, Hansrauli, Shambhoo Ganj, Madhavpatti, Kirtapur, Garaila, Chhunchha, Himmatpur, Amrauna, Jarasi, Surakpur, Bhadi, Takha Purab, Takha Pashchim, Surish, Sabrahad, Sondhi, Khetasarai, Sarai Khaza, Koiridiha, Ailiya, Vishunpur, Lewarua, Kusrna, Bhaura, Rampur Bhaura, Akbarpur, Narayanpur, Diha, Bodsar, Kasli, Disapur, Biribari, Jamunibari, Laththepur, Saraytriloki, Khuthan, Badnpur, Karnehua, Pandeypur, Brahmanpur, Ramdattpur, Chakra, Hishampur, Bhadraon, Nigoh, Dallukapur, Haripur, Seer, Dhema, Mani Kalan, Qurra Patti, Khan Patti, Kajgaon, Zafrabad, Baghoura, Dumma, Raipur, Singarpur, Ganeshpur, Paltupur, Lakhraon, Baraipur, Mokalpur, Nevada, Hamzapur, Pali, Sarkoni, Para Kamal, Kusherna, Paali, Mirapur, Adahanpur, Tahirpur, Lakhanepur, Bandhawa Bazar, Barawa, Thaloi, Sujanganj

[edit] Reaching Jaunpur

[edit] Rail

Jaunpur is well-connected with all major cities of India thanks to Indian Railways, it has three major Railway Stations namely Jaunpur City Station (JOP) and Jaunpur Junction (JNU),shahganj junction(SHG). Mughalsarai , Varanasi and Allahabad Railway Stations are also easily reachable from here, Godaan express is a daily Train to Mumbai (erstwhile Bombay) from JNU; Shramjeevi, Sadhbhawana and Farakka Express are daily trains to Delhi.

[edit] Road

Jaunpur is well connected to Lucknow, Varanasi, Allahabad and other cities like Azamgarh, Mirzapur, Bhadohi, Sultanpur, Ghazipur etc. NH-56, SH-36 are the world class roadways connecting all major cities to Jaunpur.

[edit] Air

Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport or Varanasi Airport [(IATA: VNS)] is just 30 Minute drive from Jaunpur city on NH-56 (National Highway - 56), numerous domestic and international flights are accessible.

[edit] Rulers

Sharqi Dynasty

  • Malik Sarwar Khwaja-yi Jahan (1394 - 1399)
  • Malik Qaranful Mubarrak Shah (1399 - 1401)
  • Ibrahim Shams-ud-Din (1401 - 1440)
  • Mahmud Shah (1440 - 1458)
  • Mohammed Shah Bhikan Khan (1458)
  • Husain Shah (1458 - 1483)

[edit] Educational Institutes

List of notable institution of Jaunpur

[edit] University/Colleges

  • Purvanchal University V.B.S Purvanchal University
  • Shree Ganesh Rai Post-Graduate College (Karra College)
  • Tilak Dhari Post-Graduate College
  • Himtaj Degree College, Nevarhia
  • Byalasi Intermediate College
  • Gandhi Smarak Post Graduate College Samodhpur

[edit] Schools

  • Navodaya Vidyalaya
  • National Inter College Pattinarendrapur
  • St. John's (Siddiqpur)
  • Divine Mercy Public School
  • Nehru Balodyan Intermediate College
  • St. Xavier's School
  • Shri Gandhi Smarak Inter College Samodhpur

[edit] Industries

[edit] SIDA (Satharia Industrial Development Authority)

Satharia Industrial Development Authority was established in November 1989 by the Govt. of Uttar Pradesh, under U.P. Industrial Area Development Act, 1976 to facilitate concentrated effort on Industrial development of eastern Uttar Pradesh.

In its first phase of activity, the authority has a fully developed growth center area on 508 acres (2.06 km²) of land, under growth center scheme of Govt. of India.

Virtually all kind of industrial, commercial and social infrastructural facilities, such as Medical, Educational, Residential, Roads, Transportation, drainage, Telecommunication, dedicated industrial power 33/11 KV supply, post office, bank water supply, community center, shopping centre, field hostel etc, have been fully established and are operative.

[edit] Landmarks

[edit] Religious

  • Temple of lord Shiva in Trilochan Mahadeva at Trilochan
  • Temple of Maihar Devi
  • Temple of Sheetla Devi
  • Birth of the promised Mehdi (Syed Muhammed Jaunpuri) Besides the grand Sharki period mosque
  • Religious places like 'Sadar Imam bara', Panje Shareef, 'Kadam Rasool' near Railway Station
  • Atala Mosque
  • Bari Mosque(also known as Jama Masjid of Jaunpur)
  • Achala Devi Temple (Sipah)
  • Temple of Bade Hanuman Jee (Near Rasmandal)
  • Gurudwara (Rasmandal)

[edit] Historical

  • Shahi Fort situated at Manik Chauk Road.
  • Jhanjari Masjid (Sipah)
  • Shahi Bridge situated at Olandganj.
  • Named as Shiraaj-e-Hind

[edit] Others

  • Oldest established intermediate college (post High School) : Byalasi Intermediate College, Jalalpur

[edit] Jaunpur is also famous for...

  • Imartee/Imirtee (a sweet like Jalebi made from Urad lentil, (especially that of Beniram's)
  • Jaunpuri Mooli/Radish which can grow up to four feet long.
  • Atom Bomb - a mouthwatering sweet from Sujanganj. It is made of dry fruits stuffed in Chhenna. For its big size (diameter =~ 3 Inches) and really good taste.
  • Dohara - one of the famous Paan-masala like stuff which is made using Supari (Beatle-nut), Kattha and Opium water.
  • Perfumes or Itra in local langauge

[edit] Geography

Jaunpur is located at 25.73° N 82.68° E[1]. It has an average elevation of 82 metres (269 ft).

[edit] Demographics

As of 2001 India census[2], Jaunpur had a population of 159,996. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Jaunpur has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 71%, and female literacy is 58%. In Jaunpur, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.

[edit] Personalities and scholars related to the district

Tilak Dhari Singh Founder T.D. College

[edit] References

  1. ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Jaunpur
  2. ^ Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns. (Provisional). Census Commission of India. Retrieved on 2007-09-03.

[edit] External links

Media In Jaunpur Hindustan Hindi Daily Beaurau Chief : Rajendra Singh Photo Journalist:Ashish Srivastava Dainik Jagran Beaurau Chief:Om Prakash Singh

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